Security Configuration Assessment Report

for controlplane

  • Target IP Address: 127.0.0.1

CIS Ubuntu Linux 18.04 LTS Benchmark v2.0.1

  • Level 1 - Server
  • Friday, July 23 2021 20:08:11
  • Assessment Duration: 2 minutes, 7 seconds

Report generated by the Center for Internet Security's Configuration Assessment Tool (CIS-CAT Pro Assessor) v4.3.1.

For further information, please visit The Center for Internet Security or our Product Support page.

Copyright ©2021, The Center for Internet Security

Content generated on 07/23/2021 20:10 PM. Content last obtained on 01/28/2021 02:01 AM.

Summary

Description Tests Scoring
Pass Fail Error Unkn. Man. Score Max Percent
1 Initial Setup 21 22 0 0 7 21.0 43.0 49%
1.1 Filesystem Configuration 12 9 0 0 3 12.0 21.0 57%
1.1.1 Disable unused filesystems 0 7 0 0 0 0.0 7.0 0%
1.2 Configure Software Updates 0 0 0 0 2 0.0 0.0 0%
1.3 Configure sudo 1 2 0 0 0 1.0 3.0 33%
1.4 Filesystem Integrity Checking 0 2 0 0 0 0.0 2.0 0%
1.5 Secure Boot Settings 1 2 0 0 1 1.0 3.0 33%
1.6 Additional Process Hardening 1 3 0 0 0 1.0 4.0 25%
1.7 Mandatory Access Control 1 2 0 0 0 1.0 3.0 33%
1.7.1 Configure AppArmor 1 2 0 0 0 1.0 3.0 33%
1.8 Warning Banners 5 2 0 0 0 5.0 7.0 71%
1.8.1 Command Line Warning Banners 4 2 0 0 0 4.0 6.0 67%
2 Services 24 2 0 0 1 24.0 26.0 92%
2.1 inetd Services 2 0 0 0 0 2.0 2.0 100%
2.2 Special Purpose Services 18 1 0 0 1 18.0 19.0 95%
2.2.1 Time Synchronization 3 0 0 0 1 3.0 3.0 100%
2.3 Service Clients 4 1 0 0 0 4.0 5.0 80%
3 Network Configuration 17 12 0 0 10 17.0 29.0 59%
3.1 Network Parameters (Host Only) 0 2 0 0 0 0.0 2.0 0%
3.2 Network Parameters (Host and Router) 1 8 0 0 0 1.0 9.0 11%
3.3 TCP Wrappers 2 0 0 0 3 2.0 2.0 100%
3.4 Uncommon Network Protocols 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0%
3.5 Firewall Configuration 14 1 0 0 7 14.0 15.0 93%
3.5.1 Ensure Firewall software is installed 1 0 0 0 0 1.0 1.0 100%
3.5.2 Configure UncomplicatedFirewall 2 1 0 0 2 2.0 3.0 67%
3.5.3 Configure nftables 6 0 0 0 2 6.0 6.0 100%
3.5.4 Configure iptables 5 0 0 0 3 5.0 5.0 100%
3.5.4.1 Configure IPv4 iptables 3 0 0 0 1 3.0 3.0 100%
3.5.4.2 Configure IPv6 ip6tables 2 0 0 0 2 2.0 2.0 100%
4 Logging and Auditing 0 8 0 0 3 0.0 8.0 0%
4.1 Configure System Accounting (auditd) 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0%
4.1.1 Ensure auditing is enabled 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0%
4.1.2 Configure Data Retention 0 0 0 0 0 0.0 0.0 0%
4.2 Configure Logging 0 8 0 0 2 0.0 8.0 0%
4.2.1 Configure rsyslog 0 4 0 0 2 0.0 4.0 0%
4.2.2 Configure journald 0 3 0 0 0 0.0 3.0 0%
5 Access, Authentication and Authorization 14 28 1 0 1 14.0 43.0 33%
5.1 Configure cron 0 8 0 0 0 0.0 8.0 0%
5.2 SSH Server Configuration 10 11 0 0 0 10.0 21.0 48%
5.3 Configure PAM 1 3 0 0 0 1.0 4.0 25%
5.4 User Accounts and Environment 3 5 1 0 0 3.0 9.0 33%
5.4.1 Set Shadow Password Suite Parameters 2 3 0 0 0 2.0 5.0 40%
6 System Maintenance 27 4 0 0 2 27.0 31.0 87%
6.1 System File Permissions 8 3 0 0 2 8.0 11.0 73%
6.2 User and Group Settings 19 1 0 0 0 19.0 20.0 95%
Total 103 76 1 0 24 103.0 180.0 57%

Note: Actual scores are subject to rounding errors. The sum of these values may not result in the exact overall score.

Profiles

This benchmark contains 4 profiles.The Level 1 - Server profile was used for this assessment.

Title Description
Level 1 - Server

Items in this profile intend to:

  • be practical and prudent;
  • provide a clear security benefit; and
  • not inhibit the utility of the technology beyond acceptable means.

This profile is intended for servers.

Show Profile XML
<xccdf:Profile xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
               xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
               xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
               xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
               xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
               xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
               xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
               xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
               xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
               xmlns:sce="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE_xccdf_stream"
               xmlns:cat="urn:oasis:names:tc:entity:xmlns:xml:catalog"
               xmlns:ds="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
               xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
               xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
               xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
               xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
               xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
               id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_profile_Level_1_-_Server">
   <xccdf:title xml:lang="en">Level 1 - Server</xccdf:title>
   <xccdf:description xml:lang="en">
      <xhtml:p>Items in this profile intend to:</xhtml:p>
      <xhtml:ul>
         <xhtml:li>be practical and prudent;</xhtml:li>
         <xhtml:li>provide a clear security benefit; and</xhtml:li>
         <xhtml:li>not inhibit the utility of the technology beyond acceptable means.</xhtml:li>
      </xhtml:ul>
      <xhtml:p>This profile is intended for servers.</xhtml:p>
   </xccdf:description>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.1_Ensure_mounting_of_cramfs_filesystems_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.2_Ensure_mounting_of_freevxfs_filesystems_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.3_Ensure_mounting_of_jffs2_filesystems_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.4_Ensure_mounting_of_hfs_filesystems_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.5_Ensure_mounting_of_hfsplus_filesystems_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.6_Ensure_mounting_of_squashfs_filesystems_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.7_Ensure_mounting_of_udf_filesystems_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.2_Ensure_tmp_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.3_Ensure_nodev_option_set_on_tmp_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.4_Ensure_nosuid_option_set_on_tmp_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.5_Ensure_noexec_option_set_on_tmp_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.8_Ensure_nodev_option_set_on_vartmp_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.9_Ensure_nosuid_option_set_on_vartmp_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.10_Ensure_noexec_option_set_on_vartmp_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.14_Ensure_nodev_option_set_on_home_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.15_Ensure_nodev_option_set_on_devshm_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.16_Ensure_nosuid_option_set_on_devshm_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.17_Ensure_noexec_option_set_on_devshm_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.18_Ensure_nodev_option_set_on_removable_media_partitions"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.19_Ensure_nosuid_option_set_on_removable_media_partitions"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.20_Ensure_noexec_option_set_on_removable_media_partitions"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.21_Ensure_sticky_bit_is_set_on_all_world-writable_directories"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.22_Disable_Automounting"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.23_Disable_USB_Storage"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.2.1_Ensure_package_manager_repositories_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.2.2_Ensure_GPG_keys_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.3.1_Ensure_sudo_is_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.3.2_Ensure_sudo_commands_use_pty"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.3.3_Ensure_sudo_log_file_exists"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.4.1_Ensure_AIDE_is_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.4.2_Ensure_filesystem_integrity_is_regularly_checked"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.5.1_Ensure_permissions_on_bootloader_config_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.5.2_Ensure_bootloader_password_is_set"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.5.3_Ensure_authentication_required_for_single_user_mode"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.5.4_Ensure_interactive_boot_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.6.1_Ensure_XDNX_support_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.6.2_Ensure_address_space_layout_randomization_ASLR_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.6.3_Ensure_prelink_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.6.4_Ensure_core_dumps_are_restricted"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.7.1.1_Ensure_AppArmor_is_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.7.1.2_Ensure_AppArmor_is_enabled_in_the_bootloader_configuration"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.7.1.3_Ensure_all_AppArmor_Profiles_are_in_enforce_or_complain_mode"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.1.1_Ensure_message_of_the_day_is_configured_properly"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.1.2_Ensure_local_login_warning_banner_is_configured_properly"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.1.3_Ensure_remote_login_warning_banner_is_configured_properly"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.1.4_Ensure_permissions_on_etcmotd_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.1.5_Ensure_permissions_on_etcissue_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.1.6_Ensure_permissions_on_etcissue.net_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.2_Ensure_GDM_login_banner_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.9_Ensure_updates_patches_and_additional_security_software_are_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.1.1_Ensure_xinetd_is_not_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.1.2_Ensure_openbsd-inetd_is_not_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.1.1_Ensure_time_synchronization_is_in_use"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.1.2_Ensure_systemd-timesyncd_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.1.3_Ensure_chrony_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.1.4_Ensure_ntp_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.2_Ensure_X_Window_System_is_not_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.3_Ensure_Avahi_Server_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.4_Ensure_CUPS_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.5_Ensure_DHCP_Server_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.6_Ensure_LDAP_server_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.7_Ensure_NFS_and_RPC_are_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.8_Ensure_DNS_Server_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.9_Ensure_FTP_Server_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.10_Ensure_HTTP_server_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.11_Ensure_email_services_are_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.12_Ensure_Samba_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.13_Ensure_HTTP_Proxy_Server_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.14_Ensure_SNMP_Server_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.15_Ensure_mail_transfer_agent_is_configured_for_local-only_mode"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.16_Ensure_rsync_service_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.17_Ensure_NIS_Server_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.3.1_Ensure_NIS_Client_is_not_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.3.2_Ensure_rsh_client_is_not_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.3.3_Ensure_talk_client_is_not_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.3.4_Ensure_telnet_client_is_not_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.3.5_Ensure_LDAP_client_is_not_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.1.1_Ensure_packet_redirect_sending_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.1.2_Ensure_IP_forwarding_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.1_Ensure_source_routed_packets_are_not_accepted"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.2_Ensure_ICMP_redirects_are_not_accepted"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.3_Ensure_secure_ICMP_redirects_are_not_accepted"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.4_Ensure_suspicious_packets_are_logged"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.5_Ensure_broadcast_ICMP_requests_are_ignored"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.6_Ensure_bogus_ICMP_responses_are_ignored"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.7_Ensure_Reverse_Path_Filtering_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.8_Ensure_TCP_SYN_Cookies_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.9_Ensure_IPv6_router_advertisements_are_not_accepted"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.3.1_Ensure_TCP_Wrappers_is_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.3.2_Ensure_etchosts.allow_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.3.3_Ensure_etchosts.deny_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.3.4_Ensure_permissions_on_etchosts.allow_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.3.5_Ensure_permissions_on_etchosts.deny_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.1.1_Ensure_a_Firewall_package_is_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.2.1_Ensure_ufw_service_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.2.2_Ensure_default_deny_firewall_policy"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.2.3_Ensure_loopback_traffic_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.2.4_Ensure_outbound_connections_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.2.5_Ensure_firewall_rules_exist_for_all_open_ports"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.1_Ensure_iptables_are_flushed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.2_Ensure_a_table_exists"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.3_Ensure_base_chains_exist"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.4_Ensure_loopback_traffic_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.5_Ensure_outbound_and_established_connections_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.6_Ensure_default_deny_firewall_policy"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.7_Ensure_nftables_service_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.8_Ensure_nftables_rules_are_permanent"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.1.1_Ensure_default_deny_firewall_policy"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.1.2_Ensure_loopback_traffic_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.1.3_Ensure_outbound_and_established_connections_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.1.4_Ensure_firewall_rules_exist_for_all_open_ports"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.2.1_Ensure_IPv6_default_deny_firewall_policy"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.2.2_Ensure_IPv6_loopback_traffic_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.2.3_Ensure_IPv6_outbound_and_established_connections_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.2.4_Ensure_IPv6_firewall_rules_exist_for_all_open_ports"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.6_Ensure_wireless_interfaces_are_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.1.1_Ensure_rsyslog_is_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.1.2_Ensure_rsyslog_Service_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.1.3_Ensure_logging_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.1.4_Ensure_rsyslog_default_file_permissions_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.1.5_Ensure_rsyslog_is_configured_to_send_logs_to_a_remote_log_host"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.1.6_Ensure_remote_rsyslog_messages_are_only_accepted_on_designated_log_hosts."
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.2.1_Ensure_journald_is_configured_to_send_logs_to_rsyslog"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.2.2_Ensure_journald_is_configured_to_compress_large_log_files"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.2.3_Ensure_journald_is_configured_to_write_logfiles_to_persistent_disk"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.3_Ensure_permissions_on_all_logfiles_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.3_Ensure_logrotate_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.1_Ensure_cron_daemon_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.2_Ensure_permissions_on_etccrontab_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.3_Ensure_permissions_on_etccron.hourly_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.4_Ensure_permissions_on_etccron.daily_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.5_Ensure_permissions_on_etccron.weekly_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.6_Ensure_permissions_on_etccron.monthly_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.7_Ensure_permissions_on_etccron.d_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.8_Ensure_atcron_is_restricted_to_authorized_users"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.1_Ensure_permissions_on_etcsshsshd_config_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.2_Ensure_permissions_on_SSH_private_host_key_files_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.3_Ensure_permissions_on_SSH_public_host_key_files_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.4_Ensure_SSH_Protocol_is_not_set_to_1"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.5_Ensure_SSH_LogLevel_is_appropriate"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.7_Ensure_SSH_MaxAuthTries_is_set_to_4_or_less"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.8_Ensure_SSH_IgnoreRhosts_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.9_Ensure_SSH_HostbasedAuthentication_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.10_Ensure_SSH_root_login_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.11_Ensure_SSH_PermitEmptyPasswords_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.12_Ensure_SSH_PermitUserEnvironment_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.13_Ensure_only_strong_Ciphers_are_used"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.14_Ensure_only_strong_MAC_algorithms_are_used"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.15_Ensure_only_strong_Key_Exchange_algorithms_are_used"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.16_Ensure_SSH_Idle_Timeout_Interval_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.17_Ensure_SSH_LoginGraceTime_is_set_to_one_minute_or_less"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.18_Ensure_SSH_access_is_limited"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.19_Ensure_SSH_warning_banner_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.20_Ensure_SSH_PAM_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.22_Ensure_SSH_MaxStartups_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.23_Ensure_SSH_MaxSessions_is_set_to_4_or_less"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.3.1_Ensure_password_creation_requirements_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.3.2_Ensure_lockout_for_failed_password_attempts_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.3.3_Ensure_password_reuse_is_limited"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.3.4_Ensure_password_hashing_algorithm_is_SHA-512"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.1.1_Ensure_password_expiration_is_365_days_or_less"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.1.2_Ensure_minimum_days_between_password_changes_is__configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.1.3_Ensure_password_expiration_warning_days_is_7_or_more"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.1.4_Ensure_inactive_password_lock_is_30_days_or_less"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.1.5_Ensure_all_users_last_password_change_date_is_in_the_past"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.2_Ensure_system_accounts_are_secured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.3_Ensure_default_group_for_the_root_account_is_GID_0"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.4_Ensure_default_user_umask_is_027_or_more_restrictive"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.5_Ensure_default_user_shell_timeout_is_900_seconds_or_less"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.5_Ensure_root_login_is_restricted_to_system_console"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.6_Ensure_access_to_the_su_command_is_restricted"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.2_Ensure_permissions_on_etcpasswd_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.3_Ensure_permissions_on_etcgshadow-_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.4_Ensure_permissions_on_etcshadow_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.5_Ensure_permissions_on_etcgroup_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.6_Ensure_permissions_on_etcpasswd-_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.7_Ensure_permissions_on_etcshadow-_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.8_Ensure_permissions_on_etcgroup-_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.9_Ensure_permissions_on_etcgshadow_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.10_Ensure_no_world_writable_files_exist"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.11_Ensure_no_unowned_files_or_directories_exist"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.12_Ensure_no_ungrouped_files_or_directories_exist"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.13_Audit_SUID_executables"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.14_Audit_SGID_executables"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.1_Ensure_password_fields_are_not_empty"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.2_Ensure_no_legacy__entries_exist_in_etcpasswd"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.3_Ensure_all_users_home_directories_exist"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.4_Ensure_no_legacy__entries_exist_in_etcshadow"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.5_Ensure_no_legacy__entries_exist_in_etcgroup"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.6_Ensure_root_is_the_only_UID_0_account"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.7_Ensure_root_PATH_Integrity"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.8_Ensure_users_home_directories_permissions_are_750_or_more_restrictive"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.9_Ensure_users_own_their_home_directories"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.10_Ensure_users_dot_files_are_not_group_or_world_writable"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.11_Ensure_no_users_have_.forward_files"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.12_Ensure_no_users_have_.netrc_files"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.13_Ensure_users_.netrc_Files_are_not_group_or_world_accessible"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.14_Ensure_no_users_have_.rhosts_files"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.15_Ensure_all_groups_in_etcpasswd_exist_in_etcgroup"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.16_Ensure_no_duplicate_UIDs_exist"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.17_Ensure_no_duplicate_GIDs_exist"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.18_Ensure_no_duplicate_user_names_exist"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.19_Ensure_no_duplicate_group_names_exist"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.20_Ensure_shadow_group_is_empty"
                 selected="true"/>
</xccdf:Profile>
Level 2 - Server

This profile extends the "Level 1 - Server" profile. Items in this profile exhibit one or more of the following characteristics:

  • are intended for environments or use cases where security is paramount.
  • acts as defense in depth measure.
  • may negatively inhibit the utility or performance of the technology.

This profile is intended for servers.

Show Profile XML
<xccdf:Profile xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
               xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
               xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
               xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
               xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
               xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
               xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
               xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
               xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
               xmlns:sce="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE_xccdf_stream"
               xmlns:cat="urn:oasis:names:tc:entity:xmlns:xml:catalog"
               xmlns:ds="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
               xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
               xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
               xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
               xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
               xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
               id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_profile_Level_2_-_Server">
   <xccdf:title xml:lang="en">Level 2 - Server</xccdf:title>
   <xccdf:description xml:lang="en">
      <xhtml:p>This profile extends the "Level 1 - Server" profile. Items in this profile exhibit one or more of the following characteristics:</xhtml:p>
      <xhtml:ul>
         <xhtml:li>are intended for environments or use cases where security is paramount.</xhtml:li>
         <xhtml:li>acts as defense in depth measure.</xhtml:li>
         <xhtml:li>may negatively inhibit the utility or performance of the technology.</xhtml:li>
      </xhtml:ul>
      <xhtml:p>This profile is intended for servers.</xhtml:p>
   </xccdf:description>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.1_Ensure_mounting_of_cramfs_filesystems_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.2_Ensure_mounting_of_freevxfs_filesystems_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.3_Ensure_mounting_of_jffs2_filesystems_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.4_Ensure_mounting_of_hfs_filesystems_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.5_Ensure_mounting_of_hfsplus_filesystems_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.6_Ensure_mounting_of_squashfs_filesystems_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.7_Ensure_mounting_of_udf_filesystems_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.8_Ensure_mounting_of_FAT_filesystems_is_limited"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.2_Ensure_tmp_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.3_Ensure_nodev_option_set_on_tmp_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.4_Ensure_nosuid_option_set_on_tmp_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.5_Ensure_noexec_option_set_on_tmp_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.6_Ensure_separate_partition_exists_for_var"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.7_Ensure_separate_partition_exists_for_vartmp"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.8_Ensure_nodev_option_set_on_vartmp_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.9_Ensure_nosuid_option_set_on_vartmp_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.10_Ensure_noexec_option_set_on_vartmp_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.11_Ensure_separate_partition_exists_for_varlog"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.12_Ensure_separate_partition_exists_for_varlogaudit"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.13_Ensure_separate_partition_exists_for_home"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.14_Ensure_nodev_option_set_on_home_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.15_Ensure_nodev_option_set_on_devshm_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.16_Ensure_nosuid_option_set_on_devshm_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.17_Ensure_noexec_option_set_on_devshm_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.18_Ensure_nodev_option_set_on_removable_media_partitions"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.19_Ensure_nosuid_option_set_on_removable_media_partitions"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.20_Ensure_noexec_option_set_on_removable_media_partitions"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.21_Ensure_sticky_bit_is_set_on_all_world-writable_directories"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.22_Disable_Automounting"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.23_Disable_USB_Storage"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.2.1_Ensure_package_manager_repositories_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.2.2_Ensure_GPG_keys_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.3.1_Ensure_sudo_is_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.3.2_Ensure_sudo_commands_use_pty"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.3.3_Ensure_sudo_log_file_exists"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.4.1_Ensure_AIDE_is_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.4.2_Ensure_filesystem_integrity_is_regularly_checked"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.5.1_Ensure_permissions_on_bootloader_config_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.5.2_Ensure_bootloader_password_is_set"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.5.3_Ensure_authentication_required_for_single_user_mode"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.5.4_Ensure_interactive_boot_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.6.1_Ensure_XDNX_support_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.6.2_Ensure_address_space_layout_randomization_ASLR_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.6.3_Ensure_prelink_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.6.4_Ensure_core_dumps_are_restricted"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.7.1.1_Ensure_AppArmor_is_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.7.1.2_Ensure_AppArmor_is_enabled_in_the_bootloader_configuration"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.7.1.3_Ensure_all_AppArmor_Profiles_are_in_enforce_or_complain_mode"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.7.1.4_Ensure_all_AppArmor_Profiles_are_enforcing"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.1.1_Ensure_message_of_the_day_is_configured_properly"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.1.2_Ensure_local_login_warning_banner_is_configured_properly"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.1.3_Ensure_remote_login_warning_banner_is_configured_properly"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.1.4_Ensure_permissions_on_etcmotd_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.1.5_Ensure_permissions_on_etcissue_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.1.6_Ensure_permissions_on_etcissue.net_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.2_Ensure_GDM_login_banner_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.9_Ensure_updates_patches_and_additional_security_software_are_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.1.1_Ensure_xinetd_is_not_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.1.2_Ensure_openbsd-inetd_is_not_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.1.1_Ensure_time_synchronization_is_in_use"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.1.2_Ensure_systemd-timesyncd_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.1.3_Ensure_chrony_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.1.4_Ensure_ntp_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.2_Ensure_X_Window_System_is_not_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.3_Ensure_Avahi_Server_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.4_Ensure_CUPS_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.5_Ensure_DHCP_Server_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.6_Ensure_LDAP_server_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.7_Ensure_NFS_and_RPC_are_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.8_Ensure_DNS_Server_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.9_Ensure_FTP_Server_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.10_Ensure_HTTP_server_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.11_Ensure_email_services_are_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.12_Ensure_Samba_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.13_Ensure_HTTP_Proxy_Server_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.14_Ensure_SNMP_Server_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.15_Ensure_mail_transfer_agent_is_configured_for_local-only_mode"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.16_Ensure_rsync_service_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.17_Ensure_NIS_Server_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.3.1_Ensure_NIS_Client_is_not_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.3.2_Ensure_rsh_client_is_not_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.3.3_Ensure_talk_client_is_not_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.3.4_Ensure_telnet_client_is_not_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.3.5_Ensure_LDAP_client_is_not_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.1.1_Ensure_packet_redirect_sending_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.1.2_Ensure_IP_forwarding_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.1_Ensure_source_routed_packets_are_not_accepted"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.2_Ensure_ICMP_redirects_are_not_accepted"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.3_Ensure_secure_ICMP_redirects_are_not_accepted"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.4_Ensure_suspicious_packets_are_logged"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.5_Ensure_broadcast_ICMP_requests_are_ignored"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.6_Ensure_bogus_ICMP_responses_are_ignored"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.7_Ensure_Reverse_Path_Filtering_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.8_Ensure_TCP_SYN_Cookies_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.9_Ensure_IPv6_router_advertisements_are_not_accepted"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.3.1_Ensure_TCP_Wrappers_is_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.3.2_Ensure_etchosts.allow_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.3.3_Ensure_etchosts.deny_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.3.4_Ensure_permissions_on_etchosts.allow_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.3.5_Ensure_permissions_on_etchosts.deny_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.4.1_Ensure_DCCP_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.4.2_Ensure_SCTP_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.4.3_Ensure_RDS_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.4.4_Ensure_TIPC_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.1.1_Ensure_a_Firewall_package_is_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.2.1_Ensure_ufw_service_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.2.2_Ensure_default_deny_firewall_policy"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.2.3_Ensure_loopback_traffic_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.2.4_Ensure_outbound_connections_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.2.5_Ensure_firewall_rules_exist_for_all_open_ports"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.1_Ensure_iptables_are_flushed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.2_Ensure_a_table_exists"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.3_Ensure_base_chains_exist"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.4_Ensure_loopback_traffic_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.5_Ensure_outbound_and_established_connections_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.6_Ensure_default_deny_firewall_policy"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.7_Ensure_nftables_service_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.8_Ensure_nftables_rules_are_permanent"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.1.1_Ensure_default_deny_firewall_policy"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.1.2_Ensure_loopback_traffic_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.1.3_Ensure_outbound_and_established_connections_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.1.4_Ensure_firewall_rules_exist_for_all_open_ports"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.2.1_Ensure_IPv6_default_deny_firewall_policy"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.2.2_Ensure_IPv6_loopback_traffic_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.2.3_Ensure_IPv6_outbound_and_established_connections_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.2.4_Ensure_IPv6_firewall_rules_exist_for_all_open_ports"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.6_Ensure_wireless_interfaces_are_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.7_Disable_IPv6"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.1.1_Ensure_auditd_is_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.1.2_Ensure_auditd_service_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.1.3_Ensure_auditing_for_processes_that_start_prior_to_auditd_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.1.4_Ensure_audit_backlog_limit_is_sufficient"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.2.1_Ensure_audit_log_storage_size_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.2.2_Ensure_audit_logs_are_not_automatically_deleted"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.2.3_Ensure_system_is_disabled_when_audit_logs_are_full"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.3_Ensure_events_that_modify_date_and_time_information_are_collected"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.4_Ensure_events_that_modify_usergroup_information_are_collected"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.5_Ensure_events_that_modify_the_systems_network_environment_are_collected"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.6_Ensure_events_that_modify_the_systems_Mandatory_Access_Controls_are_collected"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.7_Ensure_login_and_logout_events_are_collected"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.8_Ensure_session_initiation_information_is_collected"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.9_Ensure_discretionary_access_control_permission_modification_events_are_collected"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.10_Ensure_unsuccessful_unauthorized_file_access_attempts_are_collected"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.11_Ensure_use_of_privileged_commands_is_collected"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.12_Ensure_successful_file_system_mounts_are_collected"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.13_Ensure_file_deletion_events_by_users_are_collected"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.14_Ensure_changes_to_system_administration_scope_sudoers_is_collected"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.15_Ensure_system_administrator_actions_sudolog_are_collected"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.16_Ensure_kernel_module_loading_and_unloading_is_collected"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.17_Ensure_the_audit_configuration_is_immutable"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.1.1_Ensure_rsyslog_is_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.1.2_Ensure_rsyslog_Service_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.1.3_Ensure_logging_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.1.4_Ensure_rsyslog_default_file_permissions_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.1.5_Ensure_rsyslog_is_configured_to_send_logs_to_a_remote_log_host"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.1.6_Ensure_remote_rsyslog_messages_are_only_accepted_on_designated_log_hosts."
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.2.1_Ensure_journald_is_configured_to_send_logs_to_rsyslog"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.2.2_Ensure_journald_is_configured_to_compress_large_log_files"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.2.3_Ensure_journald_is_configured_to_write_logfiles_to_persistent_disk"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.3_Ensure_permissions_on_all_logfiles_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.3_Ensure_logrotate_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.1_Ensure_cron_daemon_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.2_Ensure_permissions_on_etccrontab_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.3_Ensure_permissions_on_etccron.hourly_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.4_Ensure_permissions_on_etccron.daily_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.5_Ensure_permissions_on_etccron.weekly_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.6_Ensure_permissions_on_etccron.monthly_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.7_Ensure_permissions_on_etccron.d_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.8_Ensure_atcron_is_restricted_to_authorized_users"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.1_Ensure_permissions_on_etcsshsshd_config_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.2_Ensure_permissions_on_SSH_private_host_key_files_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.3_Ensure_permissions_on_SSH_public_host_key_files_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.4_Ensure_SSH_Protocol_is_not_set_to_1"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.5_Ensure_SSH_LogLevel_is_appropriate"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.6_Ensure_SSH_X11_forwarding_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.7_Ensure_SSH_MaxAuthTries_is_set_to_4_or_less"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.8_Ensure_SSH_IgnoreRhosts_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.9_Ensure_SSH_HostbasedAuthentication_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.10_Ensure_SSH_root_login_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.11_Ensure_SSH_PermitEmptyPasswords_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.12_Ensure_SSH_PermitUserEnvironment_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.13_Ensure_only_strong_Ciphers_are_used"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.14_Ensure_only_strong_MAC_algorithms_are_used"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.15_Ensure_only_strong_Key_Exchange_algorithms_are_used"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.16_Ensure_SSH_Idle_Timeout_Interval_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.17_Ensure_SSH_LoginGraceTime_is_set_to_one_minute_or_less"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.18_Ensure_SSH_access_is_limited"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.19_Ensure_SSH_warning_banner_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.20_Ensure_SSH_PAM_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.21_Ensure_SSH_AllowTcpForwarding_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.22_Ensure_SSH_MaxStartups_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.23_Ensure_SSH_MaxSessions_is_set_to_4_or_less"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.3.1_Ensure_password_creation_requirements_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.3.2_Ensure_lockout_for_failed_password_attempts_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.3.3_Ensure_password_reuse_is_limited"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.3.4_Ensure_password_hashing_algorithm_is_SHA-512"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.1.1_Ensure_password_expiration_is_365_days_or_less"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.1.2_Ensure_minimum_days_between_password_changes_is__configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.1.3_Ensure_password_expiration_warning_days_is_7_or_more"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.1.4_Ensure_inactive_password_lock_is_30_days_or_less"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.1.5_Ensure_all_users_last_password_change_date_is_in_the_past"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.2_Ensure_system_accounts_are_secured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.3_Ensure_default_group_for_the_root_account_is_GID_0"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.4_Ensure_default_user_umask_is_027_or_more_restrictive"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.5_Ensure_default_user_shell_timeout_is_900_seconds_or_less"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.5_Ensure_root_login_is_restricted_to_system_console"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.6_Ensure_access_to_the_su_command_is_restricted"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.1_Audit_system_file_permissions"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.2_Ensure_permissions_on_etcpasswd_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.3_Ensure_permissions_on_etcgshadow-_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.4_Ensure_permissions_on_etcshadow_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.5_Ensure_permissions_on_etcgroup_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.6_Ensure_permissions_on_etcpasswd-_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.7_Ensure_permissions_on_etcshadow-_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.8_Ensure_permissions_on_etcgroup-_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.9_Ensure_permissions_on_etcgshadow_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.10_Ensure_no_world_writable_files_exist"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.11_Ensure_no_unowned_files_or_directories_exist"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.12_Ensure_no_ungrouped_files_or_directories_exist"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.13_Audit_SUID_executables"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.14_Audit_SGID_executables"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.1_Ensure_password_fields_are_not_empty"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.2_Ensure_no_legacy__entries_exist_in_etcpasswd"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.3_Ensure_all_users_home_directories_exist"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.4_Ensure_no_legacy__entries_exist_in_etcshadow"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.5_Ensure_no_legacy__entries_exist_in_etcgroup"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.6_Ensure_root_is_the_only_UID_0_account"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.7_Ensure_root_PATH_Integrity"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.8_Ensure_users_home_directories_permissions_are_750_or_more_restrictive"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.9_Ensure_users_own_their_home_directories"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.10_Ensure_users_dot_files_are_not_group_or_world_writable"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.11_Ensure_no_users_have_.forward_files"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.12_Ensure_no_users_have_.netrc_files"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.13_Ensure_users_.netrc_Files_are_not_group_or_world_accessible"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.14_Ensure_no_users_have_.rhosts_files"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.15_Ensure_all_groups_in_etcpasswd_exist_in_etcgroup"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.16_Ensure_no_duplicate_UIDs_exist"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.17_Ensure_no_duplicate_GIDs_exist"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.18_Ensure_no_duplicate_user_names_exist"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.19_Ensure_no_duplicate_group_names_exist"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.20_Ensure_shadow_group_is_empty"
                 selected="true"/>
</xccdf:Profile>
Level 1 - Workstation

Items in this profile intend to:

  • be practical and prudent;
  • provide a clear security benefit; and
  • not inhibit the utility of the technology beyond acceptable means.

This profile is intended for workstations.

Show Profile XML
<xccdf:Profile xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
               xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
               xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
               xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
               xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
               xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
               xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
               xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
               xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
               xmlns:sce="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE_xccdf_stream"
               xmlns:cat="urn:oasis:names:tc:entity:xmlns:xml:catalog"
               xmlns:ds="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
               xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
               xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
               xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
               xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
               xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
               id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_profile_Level_1_-_Workstation">
   <xccdf:title xml:lang="en">Level 1 - Workstation</xccdf:title>
   <xccdf:description xml:lang="en">
      <xhtml:p>Items in this profile intend to:</xhtml:p>
      <xhtml:ul>
         <xhtml:li>be practical and prudent;</xhtml:li>
         <xhtml:li>provide a clear security benefit; and</xhtml:li>
         <xhtml:li>not inhibit the utility of the technology beyond acceptable means.</xhtml:li>
      </xhtml:ul>
      <xhtml:p>This profile is intended for workstations.</xhtml:p>
   </xccdf:description>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.1_Ensure_mounting_of_cramfs_filesystems_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.2_Ensure_mounting_of_freevxfs_filesystems_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.3_Ensure_mounting_of_jffs2_filesystems_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.4_Ensure_mounting_of_hfs_filesystems_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.5_Ensure_mounting_of_hfsplus_filesystems_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.6_Ensure_mounting_of_squashfs_filesystems_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.7_Ensure_mounting_of_udf_filesystems_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.2_Ensure_tmp_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.3_Ensure_nodev_option_set_on_tmp_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.4_Ensure_nosuid_option_set_on_tmp_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.5_Ensure_noexec_option_set_on_tmp_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.8_Ensure_nodev_option_set_on_vartmp_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.9_Ensure_nosuid_option_set_on_vartmp_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.10_Ensure_noexec_option_set_on_vartmp_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.14_Ensure_nodev_option_set_on_home_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.15_Ensure_nodev_option_set_on_devshm_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.16_Ensure_nosuid_option_set_on_devshm_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.17_Ensure_noexec_option_set_on_devshm_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.18_Ensure_nodev_option_set_on_removable_media_partitions"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.19_Ensure_nosuid_option_set_on_removable_media_partitions"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.20_Ensure_noexec_option_set_on_removable_media_partitions"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.21_Ensure_sticky_bit_is_set_on_all_world-writable_directories"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.2.1_Ensure_package_manager_repositories_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.2.2_Ensure_GPG_keys_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.3.1_Ensure_sudo_is_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.3.2_Ensure_sudo_commands_use_pty"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.3.3_Ensure_sudo_log_file_exists"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.4.1_Ensure_AIDE_is_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.4.2_Ensure_filesystem_integrity_is_regularly_checked"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.5.1_Ensure_permissions_on_bootloader_config_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.5.2_Ensure_bootloader_password_is_set"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.5.3_Ensure_authentication_required_for_single_user_mode"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.5.4_Ensure_interactive_boot_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.6.1_Ensure_XDNX_support_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.6.2_Ensure_address_space_layout_randomization_ASLR_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.6.3_Ensure_prelink_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.6.4_Ensure_core_dumps_are_restricted"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.7.1.1_Ensure_AppArmor_is_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.7.1.2_Ensure_AppArmor_is_enabled_in_the_bootloader_configuration"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.7.1.3_Ensure_all_AppArmor_Profiles_are_in_enforce_or_complain_mode"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.1.1_Ensure_message_of_the_day_is_configured_properly"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.1.2_Ensure_local_login_warning_banner_is_configured_properly"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.1.3_Ensure_remote_login_warning_banner_is_configured_properly"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.1.4_Ensure_permissions_on_etcmotd_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.1.5_Ensure_permissions_on_etcissue_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.1.6_Ensure_permissions_on_etcissue.net_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.2_Ensure_GDM_login_banner_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.9_Ensure_updates_patches_and_additional_security_software_are_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.1.1_Ensure_xinetd_is_not_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.1.2_Ensure_openbsd-inetd_is_not_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.1.1_Ensure_time_synchronization_is_in_use"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.1.2_Ensure_systemd-timesyncd_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.1.3_Ensure_chrony_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.1.4_Ensure_ntp_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.3_Ensure_Avahi_Server_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.5_Ensure_DHCP_Server_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.6_Ensure_LDAP_server_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.7_Ensure_NFS_and_RPC_are_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.8_Ensure_DNS_Server_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.9_Ensure_FTP_Server_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.10_Ensure_HTTP_server_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.11_Ensure_email_services_are_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.12_Ensure_Samba_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.13_Ensure_HTTP_Proxy_Server_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.14_Ensure_SNMP_Server_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.15_Ensure_mail_transfer_agent_is_configured_for_local-only_mode"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.16_Ensure_rsync_service_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.17_Ensure_NIS_Server_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.3.1_Ensure_NIS_Client_is_not_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.3.2_Ensure_rsh_client_is_not_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.3.3_Ensure_talk_client_is_not_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.3.4_Ensure_telnet_client_is_not_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.3.5_Ensure_LDAP_client_is_not_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.1.1_Ensure_packet_redirect_sending_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.1.2_Ensure_IP_forwarding_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.1_Ensure_source_routed_packets_are_not_accepted"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.2_Ensure_ICMP_redirects_are_not_accepted"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.3_Ensure_secure_ICMP_redirects_are_not_accepted"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.4_Ensure_suspicious_packets_are_logged"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.5_Ensure_broadcast_ICMP_requests_are_ignored"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.6_Ensure_bogus_ICMP_responses_are_ignored"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.7_Ensure_Reverse_Path_Filtering_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.8_Ensure_TCP_SYN_Cookies_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.9_Ensure_IPv6_router_advertisements_are_not_accepted"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.3.1_Ensure_TCP_Wrappers_is_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.3.2_Ensure_etchosts.allow_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.3.3_Ensure_etchosts.deny_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.3.4_Ensure_permissions_on_etchosts.allow_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.3.5_Ensure_permissions_on_etchosts.deny_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.1.1_Ensure_a_Firewall_package_is_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.2.1_Ensure_ufw_service_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.2.2_Ensure_default_deny_firewall_policy"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.2.3_Ensure_loopback_traffic_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.2.4_Ensure_outbound_connections_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.2.5_Ensure_firewall_rules_exist_for_all_open_ports"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.1_Ensure_iptables_are_flushed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.2_Ensure_a_table_exists"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.3_Ensure_base_chains_exist"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.4_Ensure_loopback_traffic_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.5_Ensure_outbound_and_established_connections_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.6_Ensure_default_deny_firewall_policy"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.7_Ensure_nftables_service_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.8_Ensure_nftables_rules_are_permanent"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.1.1_Ensure_default_deny_firewall_policy"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.1.2_Ensure_loopback_traffic_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.1.3_Ensure_outbound_and_established_connections_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.1.4_Ensure_firewall_rules_exist_for_all_open_ports"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.2.1_Ensure_IPv6_default_deny_firewall_policy"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.2.2_Ensure_IPv6_loopback_traffic_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.2.3_Ensure_IPv6_outbound_and_established_connections_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.2.4_Ensure_IPv6_firewall_rules_exist_for_all_open_ports"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.1.1_Ensure_rsyslog_is_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.1.2_Ensure_rsyslog_Service_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.1.3_Ensure_logging_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.1.4_Ensure_rsyslog_default_file_permissions_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.1.5_Ensure_rsyslog_is_configured_to_send_logs_to_a_remote_log_host"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.1.6_Ensure_remote_rsyslog_messages_are_only_accepted_on_designated_log_hosts."
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.2.1_Ensure_journald_is_configured_to_send_logs_to_rsyslog"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.2.2_Ensure_journald_is_configured_to_compress_large_log_files"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.2.3_Ensure_journald_is_configured_to_write_logfiles_to_persistent_disk"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.3_Ensure_permissions_on_all_logfiles_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.3_Ensure_logrotate_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.1_Ensure_cron_daemon_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.2_Ensure_permissions_on_etccrontab_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.3_Ensure_permissions_on_etccron.hourly_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.4_Ensure_permissions_on_etccron.daily_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.5_Ensure_permissions_on_etccron.weekly_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.6_Ensure_permissions_on_etccron.monthly_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.7_Ensure_permissions_on_etccron.d_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.8_Ensure_atcron_is_restricted_to_authorized_users"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.1_Ensure_permissions_on_etcsshsshd_config_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.2_Ensure_permissions_on_SSH_private_host_key_files_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.3_Ensure_permissions_on_SSH_public_host_key_files_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.4_Ensure_SSH_Protocol_is_not_set_to_1"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.5_Ensure_SSH_LogLevel_is_appropriate"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.6_Ensure_SSH_X11_forwarding_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.7_Ensure_SSH_MaxAuthTries_is_set_to_4_or_less"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.8_Ensure_SSH_IgnoreRhosts_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.9_Ensure_SSH_HostbasedAuthentication_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.10_Ensure_SSH_root_login_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.11_Ensure_SSH_PermitEmptyPasswords_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.12_Ensure_SSH_PermitUserEnvironment_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.13_Ensure_only_strong_Ciphers_are_used"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.14_Ensure_only_strong_MAC_algorithms_are_used"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.15_Ensure_only_strong_Key_Exchange_algorithms_are_used"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.16_Ensure_SSH_Idle_Timeout_Interval_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.17_Ensure_SSH_LoginGraceTime_is_set_to_one_minute_or_less"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.18_Ensure_SSH_access_is_limited"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.19_Ensure_SSH_warning_banner_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.20_Ensure_SSH_PAM_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.22_Ensure_SSH_MaxStartups_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.23_Ensure_SSH_MaxSessions_is_set_to_4_or_less"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.3.1_Ensure_password_creation_requirements_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.3.2_Ensure_lockout_for_failed_password_attempts_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.3.3_Ensure_password_reuse_is_limited"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.3.4_Ensure_password_hashing_algorithm_is_SHA-512"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.1.1_Ensure_password_expiration_is_365_days_or_less"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.1.2_Ensure_minimum_days_between_password_changes_is__configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.1.3_Ensure_password_expiration_warning_days_is_7_or_more"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.1.4_Ensure_inactive_password_lock_is_30_days_or_less"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.1.5_Ensure_all_users_last_password_change_date_is_in_the_past"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.2_Ensure_system_accounts_are_secured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.3_Ensure_default_group_for_the_root_account_is_GID_0"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.4_Ensure_default_user_umask_is_027_or_more_restrictive"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.5_Ensure_default_user_shell_timeout_is_900_seconds_or_less"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.5_Ensure_root_login_is_restricted_to_system_console"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.6_Ensure_access_to_the_su_command_is_restricted"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.2_Ensure_permissions_on_etcpasswd_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.3_Ensure_permissions_on_etcgshadow-_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.4_Ensure_permissions_on_etcshadow_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.5_Ensure_permissions_on_etcgroup_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.6_Ensure_permissions_on_etcpasswd-_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.7_Ensure_permissions_on_etcshadow-_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.8_Ensure_permissions_on_etcgroup-_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.9_Ensure_permissions_on_etcgshadow_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.10_Ensure_no_world_writable_files_exist"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.11_Ensure_no_unowned_files_or_directories_exist"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.12_Ensure_no_ungrouped_files_or_directories_exist"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.13_Audit_SUID_executables"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.14_Audit_SGID_executables"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.1_Ensure_password_fields_are_not_empty"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.2_Ensure_no_legacy__entries_exist_in_etcpasswd"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.3_Ensure_all_users_home_directories_exist"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.4_Ensure_no_legacy__entries_exist_in_etcshadow"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.5_Ensure_no_legacy__entries_exist_in_etcgroup"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.6_Ensure_root_is_the_only_UID_0_account"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.7_Ensure_root_PATH_Integrity"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.8_Ensure_users_home_directories_permissions_are_750_or_more_restrictive"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.9_Ensure_users_own_their_home_directories"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.10_Ensure_users_dot_files_are_not_group_or_world_writable"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.11_Ensure_no_users_have_.forward_files"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.12_Ensure_no_users_have_.netrc_files"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.13_Ensure_users_.netrc_Files_are_not_group_or_world_accessible"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.14_Ensure_no_users_have_.rhosts_files"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.15_Ensure_all_groups_in_etcpasswd_exist_in_etcgroup"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.16_Ensure_no_duplicate_UIDs_exist"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.17_Ensure_no_duplicate_GIDs_exist"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.18_Ensure_no_duplicate_user_names_exist"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.19_Ensure_no_duplicate_group_names_exist"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.20_Ensure_shadow_group_is_empty"
                 selected="true"/>
</xccdf:Profile>
Level 2 - Workstation

This profile extends the "Level 1 - Workstation" profile. Items in this profile exhibit one or more of the following characteristics:

  • are intended for environments or use cases where security is paramount.
  • acts as defense in depth measure.
  • may negatively inhibit the utility or performance of the technology.

This profile is intended for workstations.

Show Profile XML
<xccdf:Profile xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
               xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
               xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
               xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
               xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
               xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
               xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
               xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
               xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
               xmlns:sce="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE_xccdf_stream"
               xmlns:cat="urn:oasis:names:tc:entity:xmlns:xml:catalog"
               xmlns:ds="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
               xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
               xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
               xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
               xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
               xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
               id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_profile_Level_2_-_Workstation">
   <xccdf:title xml:lang="en">Level 2 - Workstation</xccdf:title>
   <xccdf:description xml:lang="en">
      <xhtml:p>This profile extends the "Level 1 - Workstation" profile. Items in this profile exhibit one or more of the following characteristics:</xhtml:p>
      <xhtml:ul>
         <xhtml:li>are intended for environments or use cases where security is paramount.</xhtml:li>
         <xhtml:li>acts as defense in depth measure.</xhtml:li>
         <xhtml:li>may negatively inhibit the utility or performance of the technology.</xhtml:li>
      </xhtml:ul>
      <xhtml:p>This profile is intended for workstations.</xhtml:p>
   </xccdf:description>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.1_Ensure_mounting_of_cramfs_filesystems_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.2_Ensure_mounting_of_freevxfs_filesystems_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.3_Ensure_mounting_of_jffs2_filesystems_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.4_Ensure_mounting_of_hfs_filesystems_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.5_Ensure_mounting_of_hfsplus_filesystems_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.6_Ensure_mounting_of_squashfs_filesystems_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.7_Ensure_mounting_of_udf_filesystems_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.8_Ensure_mounting_of_FAT_filesystems_is_limited"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.2_Ensure_tmp_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.3_Ensure_nodev_option_set_on_tmp_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.4_Ensure_nosuid_option_set_on_tmp_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.5_Ensure_noexec_option_set_on_tmp_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.6_Ensure_separate_partition_exists_for_var"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.7_Ensure_separate_partition_exists_for_vartmp"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.8_Ensure_nodev_option_set_on_vartmp_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.9_Ensure_nosuid_option_set_on_vartmp_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.10_Ensure_noexec_option_set_on_vartmp_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.11_Ensure_separate_partition_exists_for_varlog"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.12_Ensure_separate_partition_exists_for_varlogaudit"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.13_Ensure_separate_partition_exists_for_home"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.14_Ensure_nodev_option_set_on_home_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.15_Ensure_nodev_option_set_on_devshm_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.16_Ensure_nosuid_option_set_on_devshm_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.17_Ensure_noexec_option_set_on_devshm_partition"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.18_Ensure_nodev_option_set_on_removable_media_partitions"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.19_Ensure_nosuid_option_set_on_removable_media_partitions"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.20_Ensure_noexec_option_set_on_removable_media_partitions"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.21_Ensure_sticky_bit_is_set_on_all_world-writable_directories"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.22_Disable_Automounting"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.23_Disable_USB_Storage"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.2.1_Ensure_package_manager_repositories_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.2.2_Ensure_GPG_keys_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.3.1_Ensure_sudo_is_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.3.2_Ensure_sudo_commands_use_pty"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.3.3_Ensure_sudo_log_file_exists"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.4.1_Ensure_AIDE_is_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.4.2_Ensure_filesystem_integrity_is_regularly_checked"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.5.1_Ensure_permissions_on_bootloader_config_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.5.2_Ensure_bootloader_password_is_set"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.5.3_Ensure_authentication_required_for_single_user_mode"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.5.4_Ensure_interactive_boot_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.6.1_Ensure_XDNX_support_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.6.2_Ensure_address_space_layout_randomization_ASLR_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.6.3_Ensure_prelink_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.6.4_Ensure_core_dumps_are_restricted"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.7.1.1_Ensure_AppArmor_is_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.7.1.2_Ensure_AppArmor_is_enabled_in_the_bootloader_configuration"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.7.1.3_Ensure_all_AppArmor_Profiles_are_in_enforce_or_complain_mode"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.7.1.4_Ensure_all_AppArmor_Profiles_are_enforcing"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.1.1_Ensure_message_of_the_day_is_configured_properly"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.1.2_Ensure_local_login_warning_banner_is_configured_properly"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.1.3_Ensure_remote_login_warning_banner_is_configured_properly"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.1.4_Ensure_permissions_on_etcmotd_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.1.5_Ensure_permissions_on_etcissue_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.1.6_Ensure_permissions_on_etcissue.net_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.2_Ensure_GDM_login_banner_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.9_Ensure_updates_patches_and_additional_security_software_are_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.1.1_Ensure_xinetd_is_not_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.1.2_Ensure_openbsd-inetd_is_not_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.1.1_Ensure_time_synchronization_is_in_use"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.1.2_Ensure_systemd-timesyncd_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.1.3_Ensure_chrony_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.1.4_Ensure_ntp_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.3_Ensure_Avahi_Server_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.4_Ensure_CUPS_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.5_Ensure_DHCP_Server_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.6_Ensure_LDAP_server_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.7_Ensure_NFS_and_RPC_are_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.8_Ensure_DNS_Server_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.9_Ensure_FTP_Server_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.10_Ensure_HTTP_server_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.11_Ensure_email_services_are_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.12_Ensure_Samba_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.13_Ensure_HTTP_Proxy_Server_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.14_Ensure_SNMP_Server_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.15_Ensure_mail_transfer_agent_is_configured_for_local-only_mode"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.16_Ensure_rsync_service_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.17_Ensure_NIS_Server_is_not_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.3.1_Ensure_NIS_Client_is_not_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.3.2_Ensure_rsh_client_is_not_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.3.3_Ensure_talk_client_is_not_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.3.4_Ensure_telnet_client_is_not_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.3.5_Ensure_LDAP_client_is_not_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.1.1_Ensure_packet_redirect_sending_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.1.2_Ensure_IP_forwarding_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.1_Ensure_source_routed_packets_are_not_accepted"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.2_Ensure_ICMP_redirects_are_not_accepted"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.3_Ensure_secure_ICMP_redirects_are_not_accepted"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.4_Ensure_suspicious_packets_are_logged"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.5_Ensure_broadcast_ICMP_requests_are_ignored"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.6_Ensure_bogus_ICMP_responses_are_ignored"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.7_Ensure_Reverse_Path_Filtering_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.8_Ensure_TCP_SYN_Cookies_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.9_Ensure_IPv6_router_advertisements_are_not_accepted"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.3.1_Ensure_TCP_Wrappers_is_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.3.2_Ensure_etchosts.allow_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.3.3_Ensure_etchosts.deny_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.3.4_Ensure_permissions_on_etchosts.allow_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.3.5_Ensure_permissions_on_etchosts.deny_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.4.1_Ensure_DCCP_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.4.2_Ensure_SCTP_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.4.3_Ensure_RDS_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.4.4_Ensure_TIPC_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.1.1_Ensure_a_Firewall_package_is_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.2.1_Ensure_ufw_service_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.2.2_Ensure_default_deny_firewall_policy"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.2.3_Ensure_loopback_traffic_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.2.4_Ensure_outbound_connections_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.2.5_Ensure_firewall_rules_exist_for_all_open_ports"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.1_Ensure_iptables_are_flushed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.2_Ensure_a_table_exists"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.3_Ensure_base_chains_exist"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.4_Ensure_loopback_traffic_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.5_Ensure_outbound_and_established_connections_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.6_Ensure_default_deny_firewall_policy"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.7_Ensure_nftables_service_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.8_Ensure_nftables_rules_are_permanent"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.1.1_Ensure_default_deny_firewall_policy"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.1.2_Ensure_loopback_traffic_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.1.3_Ensure_outbound_and_established_connections_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.1.4_Ensure_firewall_rules_exist_for_all_open_ports"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.2.1_Ensure_IPv6_default_deny_firewall_policy"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.2.2_Ensure_IPv6_loopback_traffic_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.2.3_Ensure_IPv6_outbound_and_established_connections_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.2.4_Ensure_IPv6_firewall_rules_exist_for_all_open_ports"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.6_Ensure_wireless_interfaces_are_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.7_Disable_IPv6"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.1.1_Ensure_auditd_is_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.1.2_Ensure_auditd_service_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.1.3_Ensure_auditing_for_processes_that_start_prior_to_auditd_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.1.4_Ensure_audit_backlog_limit_is_sufficient"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.2.1_Ensure_audit_log_storage_size_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.2.2_Ensure_audit_logs_are_not_automatically_deleted"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.2.3_Ensure_system_is_disabled_when_audit_logs_are_full"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.3_Ensure_events_that_modify_date_and_time_information_are_collected"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.4_Ensure_events_that_modify_usergroup_information_are_collected"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.5_Ensure_events_that_modify_the_systems_network_environment_are_collected"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.6_Ensure_events_that_modify_the_systems_Mandatory_Access_Controls_are_collected"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.7_Ensure_login_and_logout_events_are_collected"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.8_Ensure_session_initiation_information_is_collected"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.9_Ensure_discretionary_access_control_permission_modification_events_are_collected"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.10_Ensure_unsuccessful_unauthorized_file_access_attempts_are_collected"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.11_Ensure_use_of_privileged_commands_is_collected"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.12_Ensure_successful_file_system_mounts_are_collected"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.13_Ensure_file_deletion_events_by_users_are_collected"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.14_Ensure_changes_to_system_administration_scope_sudoers_is_collected"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.15_Ensure_system_administrator_actions_sudolog_are_collected"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.16_Ensure_kernel_module_loading_and_unloading_is_collected"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.1.17_Ensure_the_audit_configuration_is_immutable"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.1.1_Ensure_rsyslog_is_installed"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.1.2_Ensure_rsyslog_Service_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.1.3_Ensure_logging_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.1.4_Ensure_rsyslog_default_file_permissions_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.1.5_Ensure_rsyslog_is_configured_to_send_logs_to_a_remote_log_host"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.1.6_Ensure_remote_rsyslog_messages_are_only_accepted_on_designated_log_hosts."
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.2.1_Ensure_journald_is_configured_to_send_logs_to_rsyslog"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.2.2_Ensure_journald_is_configured_to_compress_large_log_files"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.2.3_Ensure_journald_is_configured_to_write_logfiles_to_persistent_disk"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.3_Ensure_permissions_on_all_logfiles_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.3_Ensure_logrotate_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.1_Ensure_cron_daemon_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.2_Ensure_permissions_on_etccrontab_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.3_Ensure_permissions_on_etccron.hourly_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.4_Ensure_permissions_on_etccron.daily_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.5_Ensure_permissions_on_etccron.weekly_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.6_Ensure_permissions_on_etccron.monthly_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.7_Ensure_permissions_on_etccron.d_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.8_Ensure_atcron_is_restricted_to_authorized_users"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.1_Ensure_permissions_on_etcsshsshd_config_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.2_Ensure_permissions_on_SSH_private_host_key_files_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.3_Ensure_permissions_on_SSH_public_host_key_files_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.4_Ensure_SSH_Protocol_is_not_set_to_1"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.5_Ensure_SSH_LogLevel_is_appropriate"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.6_Ensure_SSH_X11_forwarding_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.7_Ensure_SSH_MaxAuthTries_is_set_to_4_or_less"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.8_Ensure_SSH_IgnoreRhosts_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.9_Ensure_SSH_HostbasedAuthentication_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.10_Ensure_SSH_root_login_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.11_Ensure_SSH_PermitEmptyPasswords_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.12_Ensure_SSH_PermitUserEnvironment_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.13_Ensure_only_strong_Ciphers_are_used"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.14_Ensure_only_strong_MAC_algorithms_are_used"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.15_Ensure_only_strong_Key_Exchange_algorithms_are_used"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.16_Ensure_SSH_Idle_Timeout_Interval_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.17_Ensure_SSH_LoginGraceTime_is_set_to_one_minute_or_less"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.18_Ensure_SSH_access_is_limited"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.19_Ensure_SSH_warning_banner_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.20_Ensure_SSH_PAM_is_enabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.21_Ensure_SSH_AllowTcpForwarding_is_disabled"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.22_Ensure_SSH_MaxStartups_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.23_Ensure_SSH_MaxSessions_is_set_to_4_or_less"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.3.1_Ensure_password_creation_requirements_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.3.2_Ensure_lockout_for_failed_password_attempts_is_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.3.3_Ensure_password_reuse_is_limited"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.3.4_Ensure_password_hashing_algorithm_is_SHA-512"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.1.1_Ensure_password_expiration_is_365_days_or_less"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.1.2_Ensure_minimum_days_between_password_changes_is__configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.1.3_Ensure_password_expiration_warning_days_is_7_or_more"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.1.4_Ensure_inactive_password_lock_is_30_days_or_less"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.1.5_Ensure_all_users_last_password_change_date_is_in_the_past"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.2_Ensure_system_accounts_are_secured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.3_Ensure_default_group_for_the_root_account_is_GID_0"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.4_Ensure_default_user_umask_is_027_or_more_restrictive"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.5_Ensure_default_user_shell_timeout_is_900_seconds_or_less"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.5_Ensure_root_login_is_restricted_to_system_console"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.6_Ensure_access_to_the_su_command_is_restricted"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.1_Audit_system_file_permissions"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.2_Ensure_permissions_on_etcpasswd_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.3_Ensure_permissions_on_etcgshadow-_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.4_Ensure_permissions_on_etcshadow_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.5_Ensure_permissions_on_etcgroup_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.6_Ensure_permissions_on_etcpasswd-_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.7_Ensure_permissions_on_etcshadow-_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.8_Ensure_permissions_on_etcgroup-_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.9_Ensure_permissions_on_etcgshadow_are_configured"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.10_Ensure_no_world_writable_files_exist"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.11_Ensure_no_unowned_files_or_directories_exist"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.12_Ensure_no_ungrouped_files_or_directories_exist"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.13_Audit_SUID_executables"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.14_Audit_SGID_executables"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.1_Ensure_password_fields_are_not_empty"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.2_Ensure_no_legacy__entries_exist_in_etcpasswd"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.3_Ensure_all_users_home_directories_exist"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.4_Ensure_no_legacy__entries_exist_in_etcshadow"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.5_Ensure_no_legacy__entries_exist_in_etcgroup"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.6_Ensure_root_is_the_only_UID_0_account"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.7_Ensure_root_PATH_Integrity"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.8_Ensure_users_home_directories_permissions_are_750_or_more_restrictive"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.9_Ensure_users_own_their_home_directories"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.10_Ensure_users_dot_files_are_not_group_or_world_writable"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.11_Ensure_no_users_have_.forward_files"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.12_Ensure_no_users_have_.netrc_files"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.13_Ensure_users_.netrc_Files_are_not_group_or_world_accessible"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.14_Ensure_no_users_have_.rhosts_files"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.15_Ensure_all_groups_in_etcpasswd_exist_in_etcgroup"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.16_Ensure_no_duplicate_UIDs_exist"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.17_Ensure_no_duplicate_GIDs_exist"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.18_Ensure_no_duplicate_user_names_exist"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.19_Ensure_no_duplicate_group_names_exist"
                 selected="true"/>
   <xccdf:select idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.20_Ensure_shadow_group_is_empty"
                 selected="true"/>
</xccdf:Profile>
⇧

Assessment Results

w Benchmark Item Result
1 Initial Setup
1.1 Filesystem Configuration
1.1.1 Disable unused filesystems
1.0 1.1.1.1 Ensure mounting of cramfs filesystems is disabled Fail
1.0 1.1.1.2 Ensure mounting of freevxfs filesystems is disabled Fail
1.0 1.1.1.3 Ensure mounting of jffs2 filesystems is disabled Fail
1.0 1.1.1.4 Ensure mounting of hfs filesystems is disabled Fail
1.0 1.1.1.5 Ensure mounting of hfsplus filesystems is disabled Fail
1.0 1.1.1.6 Ensure mounting of squashfs filesystems is disabled Fail
1.0 1.1.1.7 Ensure mounting of udf filesystems is disabled Fail
1.0 1.1.2 Ensure /tmp is configured Fail
1.0 1.1.3 Ensure nodev option set on /tmp partition Pass
1.0 1.1.4 Ensure nosuid option set on /tmp partition Pass
1.0 1.1.5 Ensure noexec option set on /tmp partition Pass
1.0 1.1.8 Ensure nodev option set on /var/tmp partition Pass
1.0 1.1.9 Ensure nosuid option set on /var/tmp partition Pass
1.0 1.1.10 Ensure noexec option set on /var/tmp partition Pass
1.0 1.1.14 Ensure nodev option set on /home partition Pass
1.0 1.1.15 Ensure nodev option set on /dev/shm partition Pass
1.0 1.1.16 Ensure nosuid option set on /dev/shm partition Pass
1.0 1.1.17 Ensure noexec option set on /dev/shm partition Pass


1.1.18 Ensure nodev option set on removable media partitions Manual


1.1.19 Ensure nosuid option set on removable media partitions Manual


1.1.20 Ensure noexec option set on removable media partitions Manual
1.0 1.1.21 Ensure sticky bit is set on all world-writable directories Pass
1.0 1.1.22 Disable Automounting Pass
1.0 1.1.23 Disable USB Storage Fail
1.2 Configure Software Updates


1.2.1 Ensure package manager repositories are configured Manual


1.2.2 Ensure GPG keys are configured Manual
1.3 Configure sudo
1.0 1.3.1 Ensure sudo is installed Pass
1.0 1.3.2 Ensure sudo commands use pty Fail
1.0 1.3.3 Ensure sudo log file exists Fail
1.4 Filesystem Integrity Checking
1.0 1.4.1 Ensure AIDE is installed Fail
1.0 1.4.2 Ensure filesystem integrity is regularly checked Fail
1.5 Secure Boot Settings
1.0 1.5.1 Ensure permissions on bootloader config are configured Fail
1.0 1.5.2 Ensure bootloader password is set Fail
1.0 1.5.3 Ensure authentication required for single user mode Pass


1.5.4 Ensure interactive boot is not enabled Manual
1.6 Additional Process Hardening
1.0 1.6.1 Ensure XD/NX support is enabled Fail
1.0 1.6.2 Ensure address space layout randomization (ASLR) is enabled Fail
1.0 1.6.3 Ensure prelink is disabled Pass
1.0 1.6.4 Ensure core dumps are restricted Fail
1.7 Mandatory Access Control
1.7.1 Configure AppArmor
1.0 1.7.1.1 Ensure AppArmor is installed Pass
1.0 1.7.1.2 Ensure AppArmor is enabled in the bootloader configuration Fail
1.0 1.7.1.3 Ensure all AppArmor Profiles are in enforce or complain mode Fail
1.8 Warning Banners
1.8.1 Command Line Warning Banners
1.0 1.8.1.1 Ensure message of the day is configured properly Pass
1.0 1.8.1.2 Ensure local login warning banner is configured properly Fail
1.0 1.8.1.3 Ensure remote login warning banner is configured properly Fail
1.0 1.8.1.4 Ensure permissions on /etc/motd are configured Pass
1.0 1.8.1.5 Ensure permissions on /etc/issue are configured Pass
1.0 1.8.1.6 Ensure permissions on /etc/issue.net are configured Pass
1.0 1.8.2 Ensure GDM login banner is configured Pass


1.9 Ensure updates, patches, and additional security software are installed Manual
2 Services
2.1 inetd Services
1.0 2.1.1 Ensure xinetd is not installed Pass
1.0 2.1.2 Ensure openbsd-inetd is not installed Pass
2.2 Special Purpose Services
2.2.1 Time Synchronization
1.0 2.2.1.1 Ensure time synchronization is in use Pass


2.2.1.2 Ensure systemd-timesyncd is configured Manual
1.0 2.2.1.3 Ensure chrony is configured Pass
1.0 2.2.1.4 Ensure ntp is configured Pass
1.0 2.2.2 Ensure X Window System is not installed Pass
1.0 2.2.3 Ensure Avahi Server is not enabled Pass
1.0 2.2.4 Ensure CUPS is not enabled Pass
1.0 2.2.5 Ensure DHCP Server is not enabled Pass
1.0 2.2.6 Ensure LDAP server is not enabled Pass
1.0 2.2.7 Ensure NFS and RPC are not enabled Pass
1.0 2.2.8 Ensure DNS Server is not enabled Pass
1.0 2.2.9 Ensure FTP Server is not enabled Pass
1.0 2.2.10 Ensure HTTP server is not enabled Fail
1.0 2.2.11 Ensure email services are not enabled Pass
1.0 2.2.12 Ensure Samba is not enabled Pass
1.0 2.2.13 Ensure HTTP Proxy Server is not enabled Pass
1.0 2.2.14 Ensure SNMP Server is not enabled Pass
1.0 2.2.15 Ensure mail transfer agent is configured for local-only mode Pass
1.0 2.2.16 Ensure rsync service is not enabled Pass
1.0 2.2.17 Ensure NIS Server is not enabled Pass
2.3 Service Clients
1.0 2.3.1 Ensure NIS Client is not installed Pass
1.0 2.3.2 Ensure rsh client is not installed Pass
1.0 2.3.3 Ensure talk client is not installed Pass
1.0 2.3.4 Ensure telnet client is not installed Fail
1.0 2.3.5 Ensure LDAP client is not installed Pass
3 Network Configuration
3.1 Network Parameters (Host Only)
1.0 3.1.1 Ensure packet redirect sending is disabled Fail
1.0 3.1.2 Ensure IP forwarding is disabled Fail
3.2 Network Parameters (Host and Router)
1.0 3.2.1 Ensure source routed packets are not accepted Fail
1.0 3.2.2 Ensure ICMP redirects are not accepted Fail
1.0 3.2.3 Ensure secure ICMP redirects are not accepted Fail
1.0 3.2.4 Ensure suspicious packets are logged Fail
1.0 3.2.5 Ensure broadcast ICMP requests are ignored Fail
1.0 3.2.6 Ensure bogus ICMP responses are ignored Fail
1.0 3.2.7 Ensure Reverse Path Filtering is enabled Fail
1.0 3.2.8 Ensure TCP SYN Cookies is enabled Pass
1.0 3.2.9 Ensure IPv6 router advertisements are not accepted Fail
3.3 TCP Wrappers


3.3.1 Ensure TCP Wrappers is installed Manual


3.3.2 Ensure /etc/hosts.allow is configured Manual


3.3.3 Ensure /etc/hosts.deny is configured Manual
1.0 3.3.4 Ensure permissions on /etc/hosts.allow are configured Pass
1.0 3.3.5 Ensure permissions on /etc/hosts.deny are configured Pass
3.4 Uncommon Network Protocols
3.5 Firewall Configuration
3.5.1 Ensure Firewall software is installed
1.0 3.5.1.1 Ensure a Firewall package is installed Pass
3.5.2 Configure UncomplicatedFirewall
1.0 3.5.2.1 Ensure ufw service is enabled Pass
1.0 3.5.2.2 Ensure default deny firewall policy Pass
1.0 3.5.2.3 Ensure loopback traffic is configured Fail


3.5.2.4 Ensure outbound connections are configured Manual


3.5.2.5 Ensure firewall rules exist for all open ports Manual
3.5.3 Configure nftables


3.5.3.1 Ensure iptables are flushed Manual
1.0 3.5.3.2 Ensure a table exists Pass
1.0 3.5.3.3 Ensure base chains exist Pass
1.0 3.5.3.4 Ensure loopback traffic is configured Pass


3.5.3.5 Ensure outbound and established connections are configured Manual
1.0 3.5.3.6 Ensure default deny firewall policy Pass
1.0 3.5.3.7 Ensure nftables service is enabled Pass
1.0 3.5.3.8 Ensure nftables rules are permanent Pass
3.5.4 Configure iptables
3.5.4.1 Configure IPv4 iptables
1.0 3.5.4.1.1 Ensure default deny firewall policy Pass
1.0 3.5.4.1.2 Ensure loopback traffic is configured Pass


3.5.4.1.3 Ensure outbound and established connections are configured Manual
1.0 3.5.4.1.4 Ensure firewall rules exist for all open ports Pass
3.5.4.2 Configure IPv6 ip6tables
1.0 3.5.4.2.1 Ensure IPv6 default deny firewall policy Pass
1.0 3.5.4.2.2 Ensure IPv6 loopback traffic is configured Pass


3.5.4.2.3 Ensure IPv6 outbound and established connections are configured Manual


3.5.4.2.4 Ensure IPv6 firewall rules exist for all open ports Manual
1.0 3.6 Ensure wireless interfaces are disabled Fail
4 Logging and Auditing
4.1 Configure System Accounting (auditd)
4.1.1 Ensure auditing is enabled
4.1.2 Configure Data Retention
4.2 Configure Logging
4.2.1 Configure rsyslog
1.0 4.2.1.1 Ensure rsyslog is installed Fail
1.0 4.2.1.2 Ensure rsyslog Service is enabled Fail


4.2.1.3 Ensure logging is configured Manual
1.0 4.2.1.4 Ensure rsyslog default file permissions configured Fail
1.0 4.2.1.5 Ensure rsyslog is configured to send logs to a remote log host Fail


4.2.1.6 Ensure remote rsyslog messages are only accepted on designated log hosts. Manual
4.2.2 Configure journald
1.0 4.2.2.1 Ensure journald is configured to send logs to rsyslog Fail
1.0 4.2.2.2 Ensure journald is configured to compress large log files Fail
1.0 4.2.2.3 Ensure journald is configured to write logfiles to persistent disk Fail
1.0 4.2.3 Ensure permissions on all logfiles are configured Fail


4.3 Ensure logrotate is configured Manual
5 Access, Authentication and Authorization
5.1 Configure cron
1.0 5.1.1 Ensure cron daemon is enabled Fail
1.0 5.1.2 Ensure permissions on /etc/crontab are configured Fail
1.0 5.1.3 Ensure permissions on /etc/cron.hourly are configured Fail
1.0 5.1.4 Ensure permissions on /etc/cron.daily are configured Fail
1.0 5.1.5 Ensure permissions on /etc/cron.weekly are configured Fail
1.0 5.1.6 Ensure permissions on /etc/cron.monthly are configured Fail
1.0 5.1.7 Ensure permissions on /etc/cron.d are configured Fail
1.0 5.1.8 Ensure at/cron is restricted to authorized users Fail
5.2 SSH Server Configuration
1.0 5.2.1 Ensure permissions on /etc/ssh/sshd_config are configured Fail
1.0 5.2.2 Ensure permissions on SSH private host key files are configured Pass
1.0 5.2.3 Ensure permissions on SSH public host key files are configured Pass
1.0 5.2.4 Ensure SSH Protocol is not set to 1 Pass
1.0 5.2.5 Ensure SSH LogLevel is appropriate Pass
1.0 5.2.7 Ensure SSH MaxAuthTries is set to 4 or less Fail
1.0 5.2.8 Ensure SSH IgnoreRhosts is enabled Pass
1.0 5.2.9 Ensure SSH HostbasedAuthentication is disabled Pass
1.0 5.2.10 Ensure SSH root login is disabled Fail
1.0 5.2.11 Ensure SSH PermitEmptyPasswords is disabled Pass
1.0 5.2.12 Ensure SSH PermitUserEnvironment is disabled Pass
1.0 5.2.13 Ensure only strong Ciphers are used Pass
1.0 5.2.14 Ensure only strong MAC algorithms are used Fail
1.0 5.2.15 Ensure only strong Key Exchange algorithms are used Fail
1.0 5.2.16 Ensure SSH Idle Timeout Interval is configured Fail
1.0 5.2.17 Ensure SSH LoginGraceTime is set to one minute or less Fail
1.0 5.2.18 Ensure SSH access is limited Fail
1.0 5.2.19 Ensure SSH warning banner is configured Fail
1.0 5.2.20 Ensure SSH PAM is enabled Pass
1.0 5.2.22 Ensure SSH MaxStartups is configured Fail
1.0 5.2.23 Ensure SSH MaxSessions is set to 4 or less Fail
5.3 Configure PAM
1.0 5.3.1 Ensure password creation requirements are configured Fail
1.0 5.3.2 Ensure lockout for failed password attempts is configured Fail
1.0 5.3.3 Ensure password reuse is limited Fail
1.0 5.3.4 Ensure password hashing algorithm is SHA-512 Pass
5.4 User Accounts and Environment
5.4.1 Set Shadow Password Suite Parameters
1.0 5.4.1.1 Ensure password expiration is 365 days or less Fail
1.0 5.4.1.2 Ensure minimum days between password changes is configured Fail
1.0 5.4.1.3 Ensure password expiration warning days is 7 or more Pass
1.0 5.4.1.4 Ensure inactive password lock is 30 days or less Fail
1.0 5.4.1.5 Ensure all users last password change date is in the past Pass
1.0 5.4.2 Ensure system accounts are secured Error
1.0 5.4.3 Ensure default group for the root account is GID 0 Pass
1.0 5.4.4 Ensure default user umask is 027 or more restrictive Fail
1.0 5.4.5 Ensure default user shell timeout is 900 seconds or less Fail


5.5 Ensure root login is restricted to system console Manual
1.0 5.6 Ensure access to the su command is restricted Fail
6 System Maintenance
6.1 System File Permissions
1.0 6.1.2 Ensure permissions on /etc/passwd are configured Pass
1.0 6.1.3 Ensure permissions on /etc/gshadow- are configured Pass
1.0 6.1.4 Ensure permissions on /etc/shadow are configured Pass
1.0 6.1.5 Ensure permissions on /etc/group are configured Pass
1.0 6.1.6 Ensure permissions on /etc/passwd- are configured Fail
1.0 6.1.7 Ensure permissions on /etc/shadow- are configured Fail
1.0 6.1.8 Ensure permissions on /etc/group- are configured Pass
1.0 6.1.9 Ensure permissions on /etc/gshadow are configured Pass
1.0 6.1.10 Ensure no world writable files exist Fail
1.0 6.1.11 Ensure no unowned files or directories exist Pass
1.0 6.1.12 Ensure no ungrouped files or directories exist Pass


6.1.13 Audit SUID executables Manual


6.1.14 Audit SGID executables Manual
6.2 User and Group Settings
1.0 6.2.1 Ensure password fields are not empty Pass
1.0 6.2.2 Ensure no legacy "+" entries exist in /etc/passwd Pass
1.0 6.2.3 Ensure all users' home directories exist Pass
1.0 6.2.4 Ensure no legacy "+" entries exist in /etc/shadow Pass
1.0 6.2.5 Ensure no legacy "+" entries exist in /etc/group Pass
1.0 6.2.6 Ensure root is the only UID 0 account Pass
1.0 6.2.7 Ensure root PATH Integrity Pass
1.0 6.2.8 Ensure users' home directories permissions are 750 or more restrictive Fail
1.0 6.2.9 Ensure users own their home directories Pass
1.0 6.2.10 Ensure users' dot files are not group or world writable Pass
1.0 6.2.11 Ensure no users have .forward files Pass
1.0 6.2.12 Ensure no users have .netrc files Pass
1.0 6.2.13 Ensure users' .netrc Files are not group or world accessible Pass
1.0 6.2.14 Ensure no users have .rhosts files Pass
1.0 6.2.15 Ensure all groups in /etc/passwd exist in /etc/group Pass
1.0 6.2.16 Ensure no duplicate UIDs exist Pass
1.0 6.2.17 Ensure no duplicate GIDs exist Pass
1.0 6.2.18 Ensure no duplicate user names exist Pass
1.0 6.2.19 Ensure no duplicate group names exist Pass
1.0 6.2.20 Ensure shadow group is empty Pass
⇧

Assessment Details

1 Initial Setup

Items in this section are advised for all systems, but may be difficult or require extensive preparation after the initial setup of the system.

1.1 Filesystem Configuration

Directories that are used for system-wide functions can be further protected by placing them on separate partitions. This provides protection for resource exhaustion and enables the use of mounting options that are applicable to the directory's intended use. Users' data can be stored on separate partitions and have stricter mount options. A user partition is a filesystem that has been established for use by the users and does not contain software for system operations.

The recommendations in this section are easier to perform during initial system installation. If the system is already installed, it is recommended that a full backup be performed before repartitioning the system.

Note: If you are repartitioning a system that has already been installed, make sure the data has been copied over to the new partition, unmount it and then remove the data from the directory that was in the old partition. Otherwise it will still consume space in the old partition that will be masked when the new filesystem is mounted. For example, if a system is in single-user mode with no filesystems mounted and the administrator adds a lot of data to the /tmp directory, this data will still consume space in / once the /tmp filesystem is mounted unless it is removed first.

1.1.1 Disable unused filesystems

A number of uncommon filesystem types are supported under Linux. Removing support for unneeded filesystem types reduces the local attack surface of the system. If a filesystem type is not needed it should be disabled. Native Linux file systems are designed to ensure that built-in security controls function as expected. Non-native filesystems can lead to unexpected consequences to both the security and functionality of the system and should be used with caution. Many filesystems are created for niche use cases and are not maintained and supported as the operating systems are updated and patched. Users of non-native filesystems should ensure that there is attention and ongoing support for them, especially in light of frequent operating system changes.

Standard network connectivity and Internet access to cloud storage may make the use of non-standard filesystem formats to directly attach heterogeneous devices much less attractive.

Note : This should not be considered a comprehensive list of filesystems. You may wish to consider additions to those listed here for your environment.

Fail

1.1.1.1 Ensure mounting of cramfs filesystems is disabled

Description:

The cramfs filesystem type is a compressed read-only Linux filesystem embedded in small footprint systems. A cramfs image can be used without having to first decompress the image.

Removing support for unneeded filesystem types reduces the local attack surface of the server. If this filesystem type is not needed, disable it.

Edit or create a file in the /etc/modprobe.d/ directory ending in .conf

Example: vi /etc/modprobe.d/cramfs.conf

and add the following line:

install cramfs /bin/true

Run the following command to unload the cramfs module:

# rmmod cramfs

Show Assessment Evidence
Complex Check
AND
Criterion: Ensure kernel module cramfs is not loadable
Existence Check: At Least One Exists
Item Check: At least one
Result: Fail
Shellcommand Item
Name Type Status Value
Command String Exists modprobe -n -v cramfs
Line Selection String Exists .+
Exit Status Int Exists 0
Stdout Line String Exists insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1049-gcp/kernel/drivers/mtd/mtd.ko
Stdout Line String Exists insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1049-gcp/kernel/fs/cramfs/cramfs.ko
Criterion: Ensure kernel module cramfs is not loaded
Existence Check: At Least One Exists
Item Check: None satisfy
Result: Pass
Shellcommand Item
Name Type Status Value
Command String Exists modprobe -n -v cramfs
Line Selection String Exists .+
Exit Status Int Exists 0
Stdout Line String Exists insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1049-gcp/kernel/drivers/mtd/mtd.ko
Stdout Line String Exists insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1049-gcp/kernel/fs/cramfs/cramfs.ko


Show Rule Result XML
<xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.1_Ensure_mounting_of_cramfs_filesystems_is_disabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.485Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807022"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807022">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807022"
                       check="at least one"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure kernel module cramfs is not loadable</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>At least one</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shellcommand Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Command</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>modprobe -n -v cramfs</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Line Selection</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>.+</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exit Status</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Stdout Line</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1049-gcp/kernel/drivers/mtd/mtd.ko </td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Stdout Line</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1049-gcp/kernel/fs/cramfs/cramfs.ko </td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807027"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807027">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807027"
                       check="none satisfy"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure kernel module cramfs is not loaded</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>None satisfy</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shellcommand Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Command</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>modprobe -n -v cramfs</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Line Selection</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>.+</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exit Status</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Stdout Line</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1049-gcp/kernel/drivers/mtd/mtd.ko </td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Stdout Line</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1049-gcp/kernel/fs/cramfs/cramfs.ko </td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

References:

    CIS Controls V7.0:

    • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
      CIS Control Information
      Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
      Subcontrol: 5.1
      Label: Establish Secure Configurations
      Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

    Back to Summary
    Fail

    1.1.1.2 Ensure mounting of freevxfs filesystems is disabled

    Description:

    The freevxfs filesystem type is a free version of the Veritas type filesystem. This is the primary filesystem type for HP-UX operating systems.

    Removing support for unneeded filesystem types reduces the local attack surface of the system. If this filesystem type is not needed, disable it.

    Edit or create a file in the /etc/modprobe.d/ directory ending in .conf

    Example: vi /etc/modprobe.d/freevxfs.conf

    and add the following line:

    install freevxfs /bin/true

    Run the following command to unload the freevxfs module:

    rmmod freevxfs

    Show Assessment Evidence
    Complex Check
    AND
    Criterion: Ensure kernel module freevxfs is not loadable
    Existence Check: At Least One Exists
    Item Check: At least one
    Result: Fail
    Shellcommand Item
    Name Type Status Value
    Command String Exists modprobe -n -v freevxfs
    Line Selection String Exists .+
    Exit Status Int Exists 0
    Stdout Line String Exists insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1049-gcp/kernel/fs/freevxfs/freevxfs.ko
    Criterion: Ensure kernel module freevxfs is not loaded
    Existence Check: At Least One Exists
    Item Check: None satisfy
    Result: Pass
    Shellcommand Item
    Name Type Status Value
    Command String Exists modprobe -n -v freevxfs
    Line Selection String Exists .+
    Exit Status Int Exists 0
    Stdout Line String Exists insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1049-gcp/kernel/fs/freevxfs/freevxfs.ko


    Show Rule Result XML
    <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.2_Ensure_mounting_of_freevxfs_filesystems_is_disabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.486Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807033"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807033">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807033"
                       check="at least one"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure kernel module freevxfs is not loadable</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>At least one</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shellcommand Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Command</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>modprobe -n -v freevxfs</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Line Selection</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>.+</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exit Status</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Stdout Line</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1049-gcp/kernel/fs/freevxfs/freevxfs.ko </td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807040"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807040">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807040"
                       check="none satisfy"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure kernel module freevxfs is not loaded</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>None satisfy</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shellcommand Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Command</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>modprobe -n -v freevxfs</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Line Selection</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>.+</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exit Status</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Stdout Line</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1049-gcp/kernel/fs/freevxfs/freevxfs.ko </td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

    References:

      CIS Controls V7.0:

      • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
        CIS Control Information
        Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
        Subcontrol: 5.1
        Label: Establish Secure Configurations
        Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

      Back to Summary
      Fail

      1.1.1.3 Ensure mounting of jffs2 filesystems is disabled

      Description:

      The jffs2 (journaling flash filesystem 2) filesystem type is a log-structured filesystem used in flash memory devices.

      Removing support for unneeded filesystem types reduces the local attack surface of the system. If this filesystem type is not needed, disable it.

      Edit or create a file in the /etc/modprobe.d/ directory ending in .conf

      Example: vi /etc/modprobe.d/jffs2.conf

      and add the following line:

      install jffs2 /bin/true

      Run the following command to unload the jffs2 module:

      # rmmod jffs2

      Show Assessment Evidence
      Complex Check
      AND
      Criterion: Ensure kernel module jffs2 is not loadable
      Existence Check: At Least One Exists
      Item Check: At least one
      Result: Fail
      Shellcommand Item
      Name Type Status Value
      Command String Exists modprobe -n -v jffs2
      Line Selection String Exists .+
      Exit Status Int Exists 0
      Stdout Line String Exists insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1049-gcp/kernel/drivers/mtd/mtd.ko
      Stdout Line String Exists insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1049-gcp/kernel/fs/jffs2/jffs2.ko
      Criterion: Ensure kernel module jffs2 is not loaded
      Existence Check: At Least One Exists
      Item Check: None satisfy
      Result: Pass
      Shellcommand Item
      Name Type Status Value
      Command String Exists modprobe -n -v jffs2
      Line Selection String Exists .+
      Exit Status Int Exists 0
      Stdout Line String Exists insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1049-gcp/kernel/drivers/mtd/mtd.ko
      Stdout Line String Exists insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1049-gcp/kernel/fs/jffs2/jffs2.ko


      Show Rule Result XML
      <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.3_Ensure_mounting_of_jffs2_filesystems_is_disabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.486Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807046"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807046">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807046"
                       check="at least one"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure kernel module jffs2 is not loadable</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>At least one</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shellcommand Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Command</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>modprobe -n -v jffs2</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Line Selection</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>.+</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exit Status</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Stdout Line</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1049-gcp/kernel/drivers/mtd/mtd.ko </td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Stdout Line</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1049-gcp/kernel/fs/jffs2/jffs2.ko </td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807050"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807050">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807050"
                       check="none satisfy"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure kernel module jffs2 is not loaded</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>None satisfy</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shellcommand Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Command</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>modprobe -n -v jffs2</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Line Selection</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>.+</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exit Status</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Stdout Line</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1049-gcp/kernel/drivers/mtd/mtd.ko </td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Stdout Line</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1049-gcp/kernel/fs/jffs2/jffs2.ko </td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

      References:

        CIS Controls V7.0:

        • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
          CIS Control Information
          Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
          Subcontrol: 5.1
          Label: Establish Secure Configurations
          Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

        Back to Summary
        Fail

        1.1.1.4 Ensure mounting of hfs filesystems is disabled

        Description:

        The hfs filesystem type is a hierarchical filesystem that allows you to mount Mac OS filesystems.

        Removing support for unneeded filesystem types reduces the local attack surface of the system. If this filesystem type is not needed, disable it.

        Edit or create a file in the /etc/modprobe.d/ directory ending in .conf

        Example: vi /etc/modprobe.d/hfs.conf

        and add the following line:

        install hfs /bin/true

        Run the following command to unload the hfs module:

        # rmmod hfs

        Show Assessment Evidence
        Complex Check
        AND
        Criterion: Ensure kernel module hfs is not loadable
        Existence Check: At Least One Exists
        Item Check: At least one
        Result: Fail
        Shellcommand Item
        Name Type Status Value
        Command String Exists modprobe -n -v hfs
        Line Selection String Exists .+
        Exit Status Int Exists 0
        Stdout Line String Does not exist No Value
        Criterion: Ensure kernel module hfs is not loaded
        Existence Check: At Least One Exists
        Item Check: None satisfy
        Result: Pass
        Shellcommand Item
        Name Type Status Value
        Command String Exists modprobe -n -v hfs
        Line Selection String Exists .+
        Exit Status Int Exists 0
        Stdout Line String Does not exist No Value


        Show Rule Result XML
        <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.4_Ensure_mounting_of_hfs_filesystems_is_disabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.486Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807058"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807058">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807058"
                       check="at least one"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure kernel module hfs is not loadable</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>At least one</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shellcommand Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Command</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>modprobe -n -v hfs</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Line Selection</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>.+</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exit Status</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Stdout Line</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807063"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807063">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807063"
                       check="none satisfy"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure kernel module hfs is not loaded</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>None satisfy</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shellcommand Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Command</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>modprobe -n -v hfs</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Line Selection</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>.+</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exit Status</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Stdout Line</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

        References:

          CIS Controls V7.0:

          • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
            CIS Control Information
            Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
            Subcontrol: 5.1
            Label: Establish Secure Configurations
            Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

          Back to Summary
          Fail

          1.1.1.5 Ensure mounting of hfsplus filesystems is disabled

          Description:

          The hfsplus filesystem type is a hierarchical filesystem designed to replace hfs that allows you to mount Mac OS filesystems.

          Removing support for unneeded filesystem types reduces the local attack surface of the system. If this filesystem type is not needed, disable it.

          Edit or create a file in the /etc/modprobe.d/ directory ending in .conf

          Example: vi /etc/modprobe.d/hfsplus.conf

          and add the following line:

          install hfsplus /bin/true

          Run the following command to unload the hfsplus module:

          # rmmod hfsplus

          Show Assessment Evidence
          Complex Check
          AND
          Criterion: Ensure kernel module hfsplus is not loaded
          Existence Check: At Least One Exists
          Item Check: None satisfy
          Result: Pass
          Shellcommand Item
          Name Type Status Value
          Command String Exists modprobe -n -v hfsplus
          Line Selection String Exists .+
          Exit Status Int Exists 0
          Stdout Line String Does not exist No Value
          Criterion: Ensure kernel module hfsplus is not loadable
          Existence Check: At Least One Exists
          Item Check: At least one
          Result: Fail
          Shellcommand Item
          Name Type Status Value
          Command String Exists modprobe -n -v hfsplus
          Line Selection String Exists .+
          Exit Status Int Exists 0
          Stdout Line String Does not exist No Value


          Show Rule Result XML
          <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.5_Ensure_mounting_of_hfsplus_filesystems_is_disabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.486Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807069"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807069">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807069"
                       check="none satisfy"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure kernel module hfsplus is not loaded</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>None satisfy</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shellcommand Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Command</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>modprobe -n -v hfsplus</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Line Selection</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>.+</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exit Status</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Stdout Line</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807072"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807072">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807072"
                       check="at least one"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure kernel module hfsplus is not loadable</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>At least one</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shellcommand Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Command</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>modprobe -n -v hfsplus</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Line Selection</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>.+</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exit Status</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Stdout Line</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

          References:

            CIS Controls V7.0:

            • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
              CIS Control Information
              Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
              Subcontrol: 5.1
              Label: Establish Secure Configurations
              Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

            Back to Summary
            Fail

            1.1.1.6 Ensure mounting of squashfs filesystems is disabled

            Description:

            The squashfs filesystem type is a compressed read-only Linux filesystem embedded in small footprint systems (similar to cramfs ). A squashfs image can be used without having to first decompress the image.

            Removing support for unneeded filesystem types reduces the local attack surface of the system. If this filesystem type is not needed, disable it.

            Edit or create a file in the /etc/modprobe.d/ directory ending in .conf

            Example: vi /etc/modprobe.d/squashfs.conf

            and add the following line:

            install squashfs /bin/true

            Run the following command to unload the squashfs module:

            # rmmod squashfs

            Show Assessment Evidence
            Complex Check
            AND
            Complex Check
            OR
            Criterion: Ensure kernel module squashfs is not loadable
            Existence Check: At Least One Exists
            Item Check: At least one
            Result: Fail
            Shellcommand Item
            Name Type Status Value
            Command String Exists modprobe -n -v squashfs
            Line Selection String Exists .+
            Exit Status Int Exists 0
            Stdout Line String Does not exist No Value
            Script: sce/modprobe_shcfg.sh
            Result: Fail
            Exit Value: 102
            Output:
            • filesystem "squashfs" is loadable
            No error lines were collected.
            Criterion: Ensure kernel module squashfs is not loaded
            Existence Check: At Least One Exists
            Item Check: None satisfy
            Result: Pass
            Shellcommand Item
            Name Type Status Value
            Command String Exists modprobe -n -v squashfs
            Line Selection String Exists .+
            Exit Status Int Exists 0
            Stdout Line String Does not exist No Value


            Show Rule Result XML
            <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.6_Ensure_mounting_of_squashfs_filesystems_is_disabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.488Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
         <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                     name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807082"/>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="definition"
                    id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807082">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807082"
                          check="at least one"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure kernel module squashfs is not loadable</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>At least one</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <caption>Shellcommand Item</caption>
                           <thead>
                              <tr>
                                 <th scope="col">Name</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Type</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Status</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Value</th>
                              </tr>
                           </thead>
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Command</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>modprobe -n -v squashfs</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Line Selection</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>.+</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Exit Status</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>0</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr class="evaluated">
                                 <td>Stdout Line</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Does not exist</td>
                                 <td>No Value</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
         <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                                value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807086_var"/>
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/modprobe_shcfg.sh"/>
            <xccdf:check-content>
               <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/modprobe_shcfg.sh"
                               href="sce/modprobe_shcfg.sh"
                               xccdf="fail"
                               exit-value="102">
                  <out>
                     <l>filesystem "squashfs" is loadable</l>
                  </out>
                  <err/>
                  <env/>
               </command_result>
            </xccdf:check-content>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="sce">
                  <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                     <tbody class="tbe">
                        <tr>
                           <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                           <td>sce/modprobe_shcfg.sh</td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                           <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                           <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                           <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                           <td>102</td>
                        </tr>
                     </tbody>
                  </table>
                  <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                     <tbody class="tbe">
                        <tr>
                           <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                           <td>
                              <ul class="unstyled">
                                 <li>filesystem "squashfs" is loadable</li>
                              </ul>
                           </td>
                        </tr>
                     </tbody>
                  </table>
                  <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                     <tbody class="tbe">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </tbody>
                  </table>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
      </xccdf:complex-check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807077"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807077">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807077"
                       check="none satisfy"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure kernel module squashfs is not loaded</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>None satisfy</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shellcommand Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Command</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>modprobe -n -v squashfs</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Line Selection</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>.+</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exit Status</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Stdout Line</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

            References:

              CIS Controls V7.0:

              • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                CIS Control Information
                Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                Subcontrol: 5.1
                Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

              Back to Summary
              Fail

              1.1.1.7 Ensure mounting of udf filesystems is disabled

              Description:

              The udf filesystem type is the universal disk format used to implement ISO/IEC 13346 and ECMA-167 specifications. This is an open vendor filesystem type for data storage on a broad range of media. This filesystem type is necessary to support writing DVDs and newer optical disc formats.

              Removing support for unneeded filesystem types reduces the local attack surface of the system. If this filesystem type is not needed, disable it.

              Edit or create a file in the /etc/modprobe.d/ directory ending in .conf

              Example: vi /etc/modprobe.d/udf.conf

              and add the following line:

              install udf /bin/true

              Run the following command to unload the udf module:

              # rmmod udf

              Show Assessment Evidence
              Complex Check
              AND
              Criterion: Ensure kernel module udf is not loadable
              Existence Check: At Least One Exists
              Item Check: At least one
              Result: Fail
              Shellcommand Item
              Name Type Status Value
              Command String Exists modprobe -n -v udf
              Line Selection String Exists .+
              Exit Status Int Exists 0
              Stdout Line String Exists insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1049-gcp/kernel/lib/crc-itu-t.ko
              Stdout Line String Exists insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1049-gcp/kernel/fs/udf/udf.ko
              Criterion: Ensure kernel module udf is not loaded
              Existence Check: At Least One Exists
              Item Check: None satisfy
              Result: Pass
              Shellcommand Item
              Name Type Status Value
              Command String Exists modprobe -n -v udf
              Line Selection String Exists .+
              Exit Status Int Exists 0
              Stdout Line String Exists insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1049-gcp/kernel/lib/crc-itu-t.ko
              Stdout Line String Exists insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1049-gcp/kernel/fs/udf/udf.ko


              Show Rule Result XML
              <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.1.7_Ensure_mounting_of_udf_filesystems_is_disabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.489Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807094"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807094">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807094"
                       check="at least one"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure kernel module udf is not loadable</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>At least one</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shellcommand Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Command</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>modprobe -n -v udf</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Line Selection</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>.+</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exit Status</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Stdout Line</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1049-gcp/kernel/lib/crc-itu-t.ko </td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Stdout Line</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1049-gcp/kernel/fs/udf/udf.ko </td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807096"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807096">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807096"
                       check="none satisfy"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure kernel module udf is not loaded</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>None satisfy</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shellcommand Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Command</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>modprobe -n -v udf</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Line Selection</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>.+</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exit Status</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Stdout Line</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1049-gcp/kernel/lib/crc-itu-t.ko </td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Stdout Line</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1049-gcp/kernel/fs/udf/udf.ko </td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

              References:

                CIS Controls V7.0:

                • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                  CIS Control Information
                  Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                  Subcontrol: 5.1
                  Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                  Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                Back to Summary
                Fail

                1.1.2 Ensure /tmp is configured

                Description:

                The /tmp directory is a world-writable directory used for temporary storage by all users and some applications.

                Making /tmp its own file system allows an administrator to set the noexec option on the mount, making /tmp useless for an attacker to install executable code. It would also prevent an attacker from establishing a hardlink to a system setuid program and wait for it to be updated. Once the program was updated, the hardlink would be broken and the attacker would have his own copy of the program. If the program happened to have a security vulnerability, the attacker could continue to exploit the known flaw.

                This can be accomplished by either mounting tmpfs to /tmp, or creating a separate partition for /tmp.

                Configure /etc/fstab as appropriate.

                Example:

                tmpfs /tmp tmpfs defaults,rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0

                OR

                Run the following commands to enable systemd /tmp mounting:

                systemctl unmask tmp.mount

                systemctl enable tmp.mount

                Edit /etc/systemd/system/local-fs.target.wants/tmp.mount to configure the /tmp mount:

                [Mount]

                What=tmpfs

                Where=/tmp

                Type=tmpfs

                Options=mode=1777,strictatime,noexec,nodev,nosuid

                Impact:

                Since the /tmp directory is intended to be world-writable, there is a risk of resource exhaustion if it is not bound to a separate partition.

                Running out of /tmp space is a problem regardless of what kind of filesystem lies under it, but in a default installation a disk-based /tmp will essentially have the whole disk available, as it only creates a single / partition. On the other hand, a RAM-based /tmp as with tmpfs will almost certainly be much smaller, which can lead to applications filling up the filesystem much more easily.

                /tmp utalizing tmpfs can be resized using the size={size} parameter on the Options line on the tmp.mount file

                Show Assessment Evidence
                Complex Check
                AND
                Criterion: Ensure partition at /tmp and all
                Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                Item Check: All
                Result: Fail
                No matching system items were found.


                Show Rule Result XML
                <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.2_Ensure_tmp_is_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.489Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident system="http://cce.mitre.org">AJ Lewis, "LVM HOWTO", http://tldp.org/HOWTO/LVM-HOWTO/</xccdf:ident>
   <xccdf:ident system="http://cce.mitre.org">https://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/APIFileSystems/</xccdf:ident>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806871"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806871">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806871"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure partition at /tmp  and all</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                References:

                CIS Controls V7.0:

                • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                  CIS Control Information
                  Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                  Subcontrol: 5.1
                  Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                  Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                Back to Summary
                Pass

                1.1.3 Ensure nodev option set on /tmp partition

                Description:

                The nodev mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain special devices.

                Since the /tmp filesystem is not intended to support devices, set this option to ensure that users cannot attempt to create block or character special devices in /tmp .

                Edit the /etc/fstab file and add nodev to the fourth field (mounting options) for the /tmp partition. See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.

                Run the following command to remount /tmp :

                # mount -o remount,nodev /tmp

                OR If systemd tmp.mount is configured:

                Edit /etc/systemd/system/local-fs.target.wants/tmp.mount to add nodev to the /tmp mount options:

                [Mount]

                Options=mode=1777,strictatime,noexec,nodev,nosuid

                Run the following command to remount /tmp :

                # mount -o remount,nodev /tmp

                Show Assessment Evidence
                Complex Check
                AND
                Criterion: Ensure partition at /tmp may exists{else}exists and all
                Existence Check: Any Exist
                Item Check: All
                Result: Pass
                No matching system items were found.


                Show Rule Result XML
                <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.3_Ensure_nodev_option_set_on_tmp_partition"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.490Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806664"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806664">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806664"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="any_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure partition at /tmp may exists{else}exists and all</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>Any Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                References:

                  CIS Controls V7.0:

                  • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                    CIS Control Information
                    Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                    Subcontrol: 5.1
                    Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                    Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                  Back to Summary
                  Pass

                  1.1.4 Ensure nosuid option set on /tmp partition

                  Description:

                  The nosuid mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain setuid files.

                  Since the /tmp filesystem is only intended for temporary file storage, set this option to ensure that users cannot create setuid files in /tmp .

                  Edit the /etc/fstab file and add nosuid to the fourth field (mounting options) for the /tmp partition. See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.

                  Run the following command to remount /tmp :

                  # mount -o remount,nosuid /tmp

                  or

                  Edit /etc/systemd/system/local-fs.target.wants/tmp.mount to add nosuid to the /tmp mount options:

                  [Mount]

                  Options=mode=1777,strictatime,noexec,nodev,nosuid

                  Run the following command to remount /tmp :

                  # mount -o remount,nosuid /tmp

                  Show Assessment Evidence
                  Complex Check
                  AND
                  Criterion: Ensure partition at /tmp may exists and all have at least one partition option equals 'nosuid' (string)
                  Existence Check: Any Exist
                  Item Check: All
                  Result: Pass
                  No matching system items were found.


                  Show Rule Result XML
                  <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.4_Ensure_nosuid_option_set_on_tmp_partition"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.490Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806668"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806668">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806668"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="any_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure partition at /tmp may exists and all have at least one partition option equals 'nosuid' (string)</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>Any Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                  References:

                    CIS Controls V7.0:

                    • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                      CIS Control Information
                      Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                      Subcontrol: 5.1
                      Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                      Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                    Back to Summary
                    Pass

                    1.1.5 Ensure noexec option set on /tmp partition

                    Description:

                    The noexec mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain executable binaries.

                    Since the /tmp filesystem is only intended for temporary file storage, set this option to ensure that users cannot run executable binaries from /tmp .

                    Edit the /etc/fstab file and add noexec to the fourth field (mounting options) for the /tmp partition. See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.

                    Run the following command to remount /tmp :

                    # mount -o remount,noexec /tmp

                    or

                    Edit /etc/systemd/system/local-fs.target.wants/tmp.mount to add noexec to the /tmp mount options:

                    [Mount]

                    Options=mode=1777,strictatime,noexec,nodev,nosuid

                    Run the following command to remount /tmp :

                    # mount -o remount,noexec /tmp

                    Show Assessment Evidence
                    Complex Check
                    AND
                    Criterion: Ensure partition at /tmp may exists{else}exists and all
                    Existence Check: Any Exist
                    Item Check: All
                    Result: Pass
                    No matching system items were found.


                    Show Rule Result XML
                    <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.5_Ensure_noexec_option_set_on_tmp_partition"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.490Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/2/subcontrol/6"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806676"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806676">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806676"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="any_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure partition at /tmp may exists{else}exists and all</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>Any Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                    References:

                      CIS Controls V7.0:

                      • Control 2: Inventory and Control of Software Assets: -- More
                        CIS Control Information
                        Control: Actively manage (inventory, track, and correct) all software on the network so that only authorized software is installed and can execute, and that all unauthorized and unmanaged software is found and prevented from installation or execution.
                        Subcontrol: 2.6
                        Label: Address unapproved software
                        Description: Ensure that unauthorized software is either removed or the inventory is updated in a timely manner

                      Back to Summary
                      Pass

                      1.1.8 Ensure nodev option set on /var/tmp partition

                      Description:

                      The nodev mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain special devices.

                      Since the /var/tmp filesystem is not intended to support devices, set this option to ensure that users cannot attempt to create block or character special devices in /var/tmp .

                      Edit the /etc/fstab file and add nodev to the fourth field (mounting options) for the /var/tmp partition. See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.

                      Run the following command to remount /var/tmp :

                      # mount -o remount,nodev /var/tmp

                      Show Assessment Evidence
                      Complex Check
                      AND
                      Criterion: Ensure partition at /var/tmp may exists and all have at least one partition option equals 'nodev' (string)
                      Existence Check: Any Exist
                      Item Check: All
                      Result: Pass
                      No matching system items were found.


                      Show Rule Result XML
                      <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.8_Ensure_nodev_option_set_on_vartmp_partition"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.491Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806704"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806704">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806704"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="any_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure partition at /var/tmp may exists and all have at least one partition option equals 'nodev' (string)</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>Any Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                      References:

                        CIS Controls V7.0:

                        • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                          CIS Control Information
                          Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                          Subcontrol: 5.1
                          Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                          Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                        Back to Summary
                        Pass

                        1.1.9 Ensure nosuid option set on /var/tmp partition

                        Description:

                        The nosuid mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain setuid files.

                        Since the /var/tmp filesystem is only intended for temporary file storage, set this option to ensure that users cannot create setuid files in /var/tmp .

                        Edit the /etc/fstab file and add nosuid to the fourth field (mounting options) for the /var/tmp partition. See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.

                        Run the following command to remount /var/tmp :

                        # mount -o remount,nosuid /var/tmp

                        Show Assessment Evidence
                        Complex Check
                        AND
                        Criterion: Ensure partition at /var/tmp may exists and all have at least one partition option equals 'nosuid' (string)
                        Existence Check: Any Exist
                        Item Check: All
                        Result: Pass
                        No matching system items were found.


                        Show Rule Result XML
                        <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.9_Ensure_nosuid_option_set_on_vartmp_partition"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.491Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806718"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806718">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806718"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="any_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure partition at /var/tmp may exists and all have at least one partition option equals 'nosuid' (string)</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>Any Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                        References:

                          CIS Controls V7.0:

                          • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                            CIS Control Information
                            Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                            Subcontrol: 5.1
                            Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                            Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                          Back to Summary
                          Pass

                          1.1.10 Ensure noexec option set on /var/tmp partition

                          Description:

                          The noexec mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain executable binaries.

                          Since the /var/tmp filesystem is only intended for temporary file storage, set this option to ensure that users cannot run executable binaries from /var/tmp .

                          Edit the /etc/fstab file and add noexec to the fourth field (mounting options) for the /var/tmp partition. See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.

                          Run the following command to remount /var/tmp :

                          # mount -o remount,noexec /var/tmp

                          Show Assessment Evidence
                          Complex Check
                          AND
                          Criterion: Ensure partition at /var/tmp may exists{else}exists and all
                          Existence Check: Any Exist
                          Item Check: All
                          Result: Pass
                          No matching system items were found.


                          Show Rule Result XML
                          <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.10_Ensure_noexec_option_set_on_vartmp_partition"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.491Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/2/subcontrol/6"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806730"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806730">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806730"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="any_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure partition at /var/tmp may exists{else}exists and all</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>Any Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                          References:

                            CIS Controls V7.0:

                            • Control 2: Inventory and Control of Software Assets: -- More
                              CIS Control Information
                              Control: Actively manage (inventory, track, and correct) all software on the network so that only authorized software is installed and can execute, and that all unauthorized and unmanaged software is found and prevented from installation or execution.
                              Subcontrol: 2.6
                              Label: Address unapproved software
                              Description: Ensure that unauthorized software is either removed or the inventory is updated in a timely manner

                            Back to Summary
                            Pass

                            1.1.14 Ensure nodev option set on /home partition

                            Description:

                            The nodev mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain special devices.

                            Since the user partitions are not intended to support devices, set this option to ensure that users cannot attempt to create block or character special devices.

                            Edit the /etc/fstab file and add nodev to the fourth field (mounting options) for the /home partition. See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.

                            # mount -o remount,nodev /home

                            Show Assessment Evidence
                            Complex Check
                            AND
                            Criterion: Ensure partition at /home may exists{else}exists and all
                            Existence Check: Any Exist
                            Item Check: All
                            Result: Pass
                            No matching system items were found.


                            Show Rule Result XML
                            <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.14_Ensure_nodev_option_set_on_home_partition"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.492Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806766"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806766">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806766"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="any_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure partition at /home may exists{else}exists and all</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>Any Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                            References:

                              CIS Controls V7.0:

                              • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                CIS Control Information
                                Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                Subcontrol: 5.1
                                Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                              Back to Summary
                              Pass

                              1.1.15 Ensure nodev option set on /dev/shm partition

                              Description:

                              The nodev mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain special devices.

                              Since the /dev/shm filesystem is not intended to support devices, set this option to ensure that users cannot attempt to create special devices in /dev/shm partitions.

                              Edit the /etc/fstab file and add nodev to the fourth field (mounting options) for the /dev/shm partition. See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.

                              Run the following command to remount /dev/shm :

                              # mount -o remount,nodev /dev/shm

                              Show Assessment Evidence
                              Complex Check
                              AND
                              Criterion: Ensure partition at /dev/shm may exists{else}exists and all
                              Existence Check: Any Exist
                              Item Check: All
                              Result: Pass
                              Partition Item
                              Name Type Status Value
                              Mount Point String Exists /dev/shm
                              Device String Exists shm
                              Uuid String Does not exist No Value
                              Fs Type String Exists tmpfs
                              Mount Options String Exists rw
                              Mount Options String Exists nosuid
                              Mount Options String Exists nodev
                              Mount Options String Exists noexec
                              Mount Options String Exists relatime
                              Mount Options String Exists size=65536k
                              Mount Options String Exists uid=3507872
                              Mount Options String Exists gid=3507872
                              Total Space Int Exists 16384
                              Space Used Int Exists 0
                              Space Left Int Exists 16384


                              Show Rule Result XML
                              <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.15_Ensure_nodev_option_set_on_devshm_partition"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.492Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806774"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806774">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806774"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="any_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure partition at /dev/shm may exists{else}exists and all</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>Any Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Partition Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Mount Point</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/dev/shm</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Device</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>shm</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uuid</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Fs Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>tmpfs</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Mount Options</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>rw</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Mount Options</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>nosuid</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Mount Options</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>nodev</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Mount Options</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>noexec</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Mount Options</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>relatime</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Mount Options</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>size=65536k</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Mount Options</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>uid=3507872</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Mount Options</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>gid=3507872</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Total Space</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>16384</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Space Used</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Space Left</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>16384</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                              References:

                                CIS Controls V7.0:

                                • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                  CIS Control Information
                                  Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                  Subcontrol: 5.1
                                  Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                  Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                Back to Summary
                                Pass

                                1.1.16 Ensure nosuid option set on /dev/shm partition

                                Description:

                                The nosuid mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain setuid files.

                                Setting this option on a file system prevents users from introducing privileged programs onto the system and allowing non-root users to execute them.

                                Edit the /etc/fstab file and add nosuid to the fourth field (mounting options) for the /dev/shm partition. See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.

                                Run the following command to remount /dev/shm :

                                # mount -o remount,nosuid /dev/shm

                                Show Assessment Evidence
                                Complex Check
                                AND
                                Criterion: Ensure partition at /dev/shm may exists{else}exists and all
                                Existence Check: Any Exist
                                Item Check: All
                                Result: Pass
                                Partition Item
                                Name Type Status Value
                                Mount Point String Exists /dev/shm
                                Device String Exists shm
                                Uuid String Does not exist No Value
                                Fs Type String Exists tmpfs
                                Mount Options String Exists rw
                                Mount Options String Exists nosuid
                                Mount Options String Exists nodev
                                Mount Options String Exists noexec
                                Mount Options String Exists relatime
                                Mount Options String Exists size=65536k
                                Mount Options String Exists uid=3507872
                                Mount Options String Exists gid=3507872
                                Total Space Int Exists 16384
                                Space Used Int Exists 0
                                Space Left Int Exists 16384


                                Show Rule Result XML
                                <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.16_Ensure_nosuid_option_set_on_devshm_partition"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.492Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806787"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806787">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806787"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="any_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure partition at /dev/shm may exists{else}exists and all</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>Any Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Partition Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Mount Point</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/dev/shm</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Device</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>shm</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uuid</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Fs Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>tmpfs</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Mount Options</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>rw</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Mount Options</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>nosuid</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Mount Options</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>nodev</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Mount Options</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>noexec</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Mount Options</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>relatime</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Mount Options</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>size=65536k</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Mount Options</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>uid=3507872</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Mount Options</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>gid=3507872</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Total Space</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>16384</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Space Used</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Space Left</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>16384</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                References:

                                  CIS Controls V7.0:

                                  • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                    CIS Control Information
                                    Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                    Subcontrol: 5.1
                                    Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                    Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                  Back to Summary
                                  Pass

                                  1.1.17 Ensure noexec option set on /dev/shm partition

                                  Description:

                                  The noexec mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain executable binaries.

                                  Setting this option on a file system prevents users from executing programs from shared memory. This deters users from introducing potentially malicious software on the system.

                                  Edit the /etc/fstab file and add noexec to the fourth field (mounting options) for the /dev/shm partition. See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.

                                  Run the following command to remount /dev/shm :

                                  # mount -o remount,noexec /dev/shm

                                  Show Assessment Evidence
                                  Complex Check
                                  AND
                                  Criterion: Ensure partition at /dev/shm may exists{else}exists and all
                                  Existence Check: Any Exist
                                  Item Check: All
                                  Result: Pass
                                  Partition Item
                                  Name Type Status Value
                                  Mount Point String Exists /dev/shm
                                  Device String Exists shm
                                  Uuid String Does not exist No Value
                                  Fs Type String Exists tmpfs
                                  Mount Options String Exists rw
                                  Mount Options String Exists nosuid
                                  Mount Options String Exists nodev
                                  Mount Options String Exists noexec
                                  Mount Options String Exists relatime
                                  Mount Options String Exists size=65536k
                                  Mount Options String Exists uid=3507872
                                  Mount Options String Exists gid=3507872
                                  Total Space Int Exists 16384
                                  Space Used Int Exists 0
                                  Space Left Int Exists 16384


                                  Show Rule Result XML
                                  <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.17_Ensure_noexec_option_set_on_devshm_partition"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.492Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/2/subcontrol/6"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806798"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806798">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806798"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="any_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure partition at /dev/shm may exists{else}exists and all</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>Any Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Partition Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Mount Point</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/dev/shm</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Device</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>shm</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uuid</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Fs Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>tmpfs</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Mount Options</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>rw</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Mount Options</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>nosuid</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Mount Options</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>nodev</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Mount Options</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>noexec</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Mount Options</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>relatime</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Mount Options</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>size=65536k</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Mount Options</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>uid=3507872</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Mount Options</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>gid=3507872</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Total Space</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>16384</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Space Used</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Space Left</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>16384</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                  References:

                                    CIS Controls V7.0:

                                    • Control 2: Inventory and Control of Software Assets: -- More
                                      CIS Control Information
                                      Control: Actively manage (inventory, track, and correct) all software on the network so that only authorized software is installed and can execute, and that all unauthorized and unmanaged software is found and prevented from installation or execution.
                                      Subcontrol: 2.6
                                      Label: Address unapproved software
                                      Description: Ensure that unauthorized software is either removed or the inventory is updated in a timely manner

                                    Back to Summary
                                    Manual

                                    1.1.18 Ensure nodev option set on removable media partitions

                                    Description:

                                    The nodev mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain special devices.

                                    Removable media containing character and block special devices could be used to circumvent security controls by allowing non-root users to access sensitive device files such as /dev/kmem or the raw disk partitions.

                                    Edit the /etc/fstab file and add nodev to the fourth field (mounting options) of all removable media partitions. Look for entries that have mount points that contain words such as floppy or cdrom. See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.



                                    Show Rule Result XML
                                    <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.18_Ensure_nodev_option_set_on_removable_media_partitions"
                   role="unscored"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.492Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="0.0">
   <xccdf:result>notchecked</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                    References:

                                      CIS Controls V7.0:

                                      • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                        CIS Control Information
                                        Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                        Subcontrol: 5.1
                                        Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                        Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                      Back to Summary
                                      Manual

                                      1.1.19 Ensure nosuid option set on removable media partitions

                                      Description:

                                      The nosuid mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain setuid files.

                                      Setting this option on a file system prevents users from introducing privileged programs onto the system and allowing non-root users to execute them.

                                      Edit the /etc/fstab file and add nosuid to the fourth field (mounting options) of all removable media partitions. Look for entries that have mount points that contain words such as floppy or cdrom. See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.



                                      Show Rule Result XML
                                      <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.19_Ensure_nosuid_option_set_on_removable_media_partitions"
                   role="unscored"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.492Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="0.0">
   <xccdf:result>notchecked</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                      References:

                                        CIS Controls V7.0:

                                        • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                          CIS Control Information
                                          Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                          Subcontrol: 5.1
                                          Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                          Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                        Back to Summary
                                        Manual

                                        1.1.20 Ensure noexec option set on removable media partitions

                                        Description:

                                        The noexec mount option specifies that the filesystem cannot contain executable binaries.

                                        Setting this option on a file system prevents users from executing programs from the removable media. This deters users from being able to introduce potentially malicious software on the system.

                                        Edit the /etc/fstab file and add noexec to the fourth field (mounting options) of all removable media partitions. Look for entries that have mount points that contain words such as floppy or cdrom. See the fstab(5) manual page for more information.



                                        Show Rule Result XML
                                        <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.20_Ensure_noexec_option_set_on_removable_media_partitions"
                   role="unscored"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.492Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="0.0">
   <xccdf:result>notchecked</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/2/subcontrol/6"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                        References:

                                          CIS Controls V7.0:

                                          • Control 2: Inventory and Control of Software Assets: -- More
                                            CIS Control Information
                                            Control: Actively manage (inventory, track, and correct) all software on the network so that only authorized software is installed and can execute, and that all unauthorized and unmanaged software is found and prevented from installation or execution.
                                            Subcontrol: 2.6
                                            Label: Address unapproved software
                                            Description: Ensure that unauthorized software is either removed or the inventory is updated in a timely manner

                                          Back to Summary
                                          Pass

                                          1.1.21 Ensure sticky bit is set on all world-writable directories

                                          Description:

                                          Setting the sticky bit on world writable directories prevents users from deleting or renaming files in that directory that are not owned by them.

                                          This feature prevents the ability to delete or rename files in world writable directories (such as /tmp ) that are owned by another user.

                                          Run the following command to set the sticky bit on all world writable directories:

                                          # df --local -P | awk '{if (NR!=1) print $6}' | xargs -I '{}' find '{}' -xdev -type d \( -perm -0002 -a ! -perm -1000 \) 2>/dev/null | xargs -I '{}' chmod a+t '{}'

                                          Show Assessment Evidence
                                          Complex Check
                                          AND
                                          Script: sce/world_writable_dirs_sticky.sh
                                          Result: Pass
                                          Exit Value: 101
                                          No output lines were collected.
                                          No error lines were collected.


                                          Show Rule Result XML
                                          <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.21_Ensure_sticky_bit_is_set_on_all_world-writable_directories"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.492Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/world_writable_dirs_sticky.sh"/>
         <xccdf:check-content>
            <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/world_writable_dirs_sticky.sh"
                            href="sce/world_writable_dirs_sticky.sh"
                            xccdf="pass"
                            exit-value="101">
               <out/>
               <err/>
               <env/>
            </command_result>
         </xccdf:check-content>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="sce">
               <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                        <td>sce/world_writable_dirs_sticky.sh</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                        <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                        <td>101</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td>No output lines were collected.</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                          References:

                                            CIS Controls V7.0:

                                            • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                              CIS Control Information
                                              Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                              Subcontrol: 5.1
                                              Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                              Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                            Back to Summary
                                            Pass

                                            1.1.22 Disable Automounting

                                            Description:

                                            autofs allows automatic mounting of devices, typically including CD/DVDs and USB drives.

                                            With automounting enabled anyone with physical access could attach a USB drive or disc and have its contents available in system even if they lacked permissions to mount it themselves.

                                            Run one of the following commands:

                                            Run the following command to disable autofs :

                                            # systemctl --now disable autofs

                                            OR

                                            Run the following command to remove autofs

                                            # apt purge autofs

                                            Impact:

                                            The use of portable hard drives is very common for workstation users. If your organization allows the use of portable storage or media on workstations and physical access controls to workstations is considered adequate there is little value add in turning off automounting.

                                            Show Assessment Evidence
                                            Complex Check
                                            OR
                                            Criterion: Ensure standard service 'autofs' is disabled
                                            Existence Check: Any Exist
                                            Item Check: All
                                            Result: Pass
                                            Systemdunitproperty Item
                                            Name Type Status Value
                                            Unit String Exists autofs
                                            Property String Exists UnitFileState
                                            Value String Exists No Value
                                            Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'autofs' is not installed
                                            Existence Check: None Exist
                                            Item Check: All
                                            Result: Pass
                                            No matching system items were found.


                                            Show Rule Result XML
                                            <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.22_Disable_Automounting"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.493Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/8/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/8/subcontrol/5"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806840"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806840">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806840"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="any_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure standard service 'autofs' is disabled</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>Any Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Unit</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>autofs</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Property</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>UnitFileState</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806849"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806849">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806849"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'autofs' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                            References:

                                              CIS Controls V7.0:

                                              • Control 8: Malware Defenses: -- More
                                                CIS Control Information
                                                Control: Control the installation, spread, and execution of malicious code at multiple points in the enterprise, while optimizing the use of automation to enable rapid updating of defense, data gathering, and corrective action.
                                                Subcontrol: 8.4
                                                Label: Configure Anti-Malware Scanning of Removable Devices
                                                Description: Configure devices so that they automatically conduct an anti-malware scan of removable media when inserted or connected.
                                              • Control 8: Malware Defenses: -- More
                                                CIS Control Information
                                                Control: Control the installation, spread, and execution of malicious code at multiple points in the enterprise, while optimizing the use of automation to enable rapid updating of defense, data gathering, and corrective action.
                                                Subcontrol: 8.5
                                                Label: Configure Devices Not To Auto-Run Content
                                                Description: Configure devices to not auto-run content from removable media.

                                              Back to Summary
                                              Fail

                                              1.1.23 Disable USB Storage

                                              Description:

                                              USB storage provides a means to transfer and store files insuring persistence and availability of the files independent of network connection status. Its popularity and utility has led to USB-based malware being a simple and common means for network infiltration and a first step to establishing a persistent threat within a networked environment.

                                              Restricting USB access on the system will decrease the physical attack surface for a device and diminish the possible vectors to introduce malware.

                                              Edit or create a file in the /etc/modprobe.d/ directory ending in .conf

                                              Example: vi /etc/modprobe.d/usb_storage.conf and add the following line:

                                              install usb-storage /bin/true

                                              Run the following command to unload the usb-storage module:

                                              rmmod usb-storage

                                              Show Assessment Evidence
                                              Complex Check
                                              AND
                                              Criterion: Ensure kernel module usb-storage is not loaded
                                              Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                              Item Check: None satisfy
                                              Result: Pass
                                              Shellcommand Item
                                              Name Type Status Value
                                              Command String Exists modprobe -n -v usb-storage
                                              Line Selection String Exists .+
                                              Exit Status Int Exists 0
                                              Stdout Line String Exists insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1049-gcp/kernel/drivers/usb/storage/usb-storage.ko
                                              Criterion: Ensure kernel module usb-storage is not loadable
                                              Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                              Item Check: At least one
                                              Result: Fail
                                              Shellcommand Item
                                              Name Type Status Value
                                              Command String Exists modprobe -n -v usb-storage
                                              Line Selection String Exists .+
                                              Exit Status Int Exists 0
                                              Stdout Line String Exists insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1049-gcp/kernel/drivers/usb/storage/usb-storage.ko


                                              Show Rule Result XML
                                              <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.1.23_Disable_USB_Storage"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.493Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/8/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/8/subcontrol/5"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806886"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806886">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806886"
                       check="none satisfy"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure kernel module usb-storage is not loaded</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>None satisfy</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shellcommand Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Command</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>modprobe -n -v usb-storage</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Line Selection</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>.+</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exit Status</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Stdout Line</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1049-gcp/kernel/drivers/usb/storage/usb-storage.ko </td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806891"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806891">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806891"
                       check="at least one"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure kernel module usb-storage is not loadable</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>At least one</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shellcommand Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Command</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>modprobe -n -v usb-storage</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Line Selection</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>.+</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exit Status</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Stdout Line</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>insmod /lib/modules/5.4.0-1049-gcp/kernel/drivers/usb/storage/usb-storage.ko </td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                              References:

                                                CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                • Control 8: Malware Defenses: -- More
                                                  CIS Control Information
                                                  Control: Control the installation, spread, and execution of malicious code at multiple points in the enterprise, while optimizing the use of automation to enable rapid updating of defense, data gathering, and corrective action.
                                                  Subcontrol: 8.4
                                                  Label: Configure Anti-Malware Scanning of Removable Devices
                                                  Description: Configure devices so that they automatically conduct an anti-malware scan of removable media when inserted or connected.
                                                • Control 8: Malware Defenses: -- More
                                                  CIS Control Information
                                                  Control: Control the installation, spread, and execution of malicious code at multiple points in the enterprise, while optimizing the use of automation to enable rapid updating of defense, data gathering, and corrective action.
                                                  Subcontrol: 8.5
                                                  Label: Configure Devices Not To Auto-Run Content
                                                  Description: Configure devices to not auto-run content from removable media.

                                                Back to Summary

                                                1.2 Configure Software Updates

                                                Ubuntu Linux use apt to install and update software packages. Patch management procedures may vary widely between enterprises. Large enterprises may choose to install a local updates server that can be used in place of their distributions servers, whereas a single deployment of a system may prefer to get updates directly. Updates can be performed automatically or manually, depending on the site's policy for patch management. Many large enterprises prefer to test patches on a non-production system before rolling out to production.

                                                For the purpose of this benchmark, the requirement is to ensure that a patch management system is configured and maintained. The specifics on patch update procedures are left to the organization.

                                                Manual

                                                1.2.1 Ensure package manager repositories are configured

                                                Description:

                                                Systems need to have package manager repositories configured to ensure they receive the latest patches and updates.

                                                If a system's package repositories are misconfigured important patches may not be identified or a rogue repository could introduce compromised software.

                                                Configure your package manager repositories according to site policy.



                                                Show Rule Result XML
                                                <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.2.1_Ensure_package_manager_repositories_are_configured"
                   role="unscored"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.493Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="0.0">
   <xccdf:result>notchecked</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/3/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/3/subcontrol/5"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                References:

                                                  CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                  • Control 3: Continuous Vulnerability Management: -- More
                                                    CIS Control Information
                                                    Control: Continuously acquire, assess, and take action on new information in order to identify vulnerabilities, remediate, and minimize the window of opportunity for attackers.
                                                    Subcontrol: 3.4
                                                    Label: Deploy Automated Operating System Patch Management Tools
                                                    Description: Deploy automated software update tools in order to ensure that the operating systems are running the most recent security updates provided by the software vendor.
                                                  • Control 3: Continuous Vulnerability Management: -- More
                                                    CIS Control Information
                                                    Control: Continuously acquire, assess, and take action on new information in order to identify vulnerabilities, remediate, and minimize the window of opportunity for attackers.
                                                    Subcontrol: 3.5
                                                    Label: Deploy Automated Software Patch Management Tools
                                                    Description: Deploy automated software update tools in order to ensure that third-party software on all systems is running the most recent security updates provided by the software vendor.

                                                  Back to Summary
                                                  Manual

                                                  1.2.2 Ensure GPG keys are configured

                                                  Description:

                                                  Most packages managers implement GPG key signing to verify package integrity during installation.

                                                  It is important to ensure that updates are obtained from a valid source to protect against spoofing that could lead to the inadvertent installation of malware on the system.

                                                  Update your package manager GPG keys in accordance with site policy.



                                                  Show Rule Result XML
                                                  <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.2.2_Ensure_GPG_keys_are_configured"
                   role="unscored"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.493Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="0.0">
   <xccdf:result>notchecked</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/3/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/3/subcontrol/5"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                  References:

                                                    CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                    • Control 3: Continuous Vulnerability Management: -- More
                                                      CIS Control Information
                                                      Control: Continuously acquire, assess, and take action on new information in order to identify vulnerabilities, remediate, and minimize the window of opportunity for attackers.
                                                      Subcontrol: 3.4
                                                      Label: Deploy Automated Operating System Patch Management Tools
                                                      Description: Deploy automated software update tools in order to ensure that the operating systems are running the most recent security updates provided by the software vendor.
                                                    • Control 3: Continuous Vulnerability Management: -- More
                                                      CIS Control Information
                                                      Control: Continuously acquire, assess, and take action on new information in order to identify vulnerabilities, remediate, and minimize the window of opportunity for attackers.
                                                      Subcontrol: 3.5
                                                      Label: Deploy Automated Software Patch Management Tools
                                                      Description: Deploy automated software update tools in order to ensure that third-party software on all systems is running the most recent security updates provided by the software vendor.

                                                    Back to Summary

                                                    1.3 Configure sudo

                                                    sudo allows a permitted user to execute a command as the superuser or another user, as specified by the security policy. The invoking user's real (not effective) user ID is used to determine the user name with which to query the security policy.

                                                    sudo supports a plugin architecture for security policies and input/output logging. Third parties can develop and distribute their own policy and I/O logging plugins to work seamlessly with the sudo front end. The default security policy is sudoers, which is configured via the file /etc/sudoers.

                                                    Pass

                                                    1.3.1 Ensure sudo is installed

                                                    Description:

                                                    sudo allows a permitted user to execute a command as the superuser or another user, as specified by the security policy. The invoking user's real (not effective) user ID is used to determine the user name with which to query the security policy.

                                                    sudo supports a plugin architecture for security policies and input/output logging. Third parties can develop and distribute their own policy and I/O logging plugins to work seamlessly with the sudo front end. The default security policy is sudoers, which is configured via the file /etc/sudoers.

                                                    The security policy determines what privileges, if any, a user has to run sudo. The policy may require that users authenticate themselves with a password or another authentication mechanism. If authentication is required, sudo will exit if the user's password is not entered within a configurable time limit. This limit is policy-specific.

                                                    Install sudo using the following command.

                                                    # apt install sudo

                                                    OR

                                                    # apt install sudo-ldap

                                                    Show Assessment Evidence
                                                    Complex Check
                                                    OR
                                                    Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'sudo' is installed
                                                    Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                    Item Check: All
                                                    Result: Pass
                                                    Dpkginfo Item
                                                    Name Type Status Value
                                                    Name String Exists sudo
                                                    Arch String Exists amd64
                                                    Epoch String Exists (none)
                                                    Release String Exists 3ubuntu1.4
                                                    Version String Exists 1.8.21p2
                                                    Evr Evr String Exists 0:1.8.21p2-3ubuntu1.4
                                                    Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'sudo-ldap' is installed
                                                    Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                    Item Check: All
                                                    Result: Fail
                                                    No matching system items were found.


                                                    Show Rule Result XML
                                                    <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.3.1_Ensure_sudo_is_installed"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.493Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/4/subcontrol/3"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident system="http://cce.mitre.org">SUDO(8)</xccdf:ident>
   <xccdf:ident system="http://cce.mitre.org">http://www.sudo.ws/</xccdf:ident>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806673"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806673">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806673"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'sudo' is installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Name</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>sudo</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Arch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>amd64</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Epoch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>(none)</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Release</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>3ubuntu1.4</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Version</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1.8.21p2</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Evr</td>
                              <td>Evr String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0:1.8.21p2-3ubuntu1.4</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806678"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806678">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806678"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'sudo-ldap' is installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                    References:

                                                    • CCE-IDv5: SUDO(8) -- More
                                                      CCE Information
                                                      CCE-IDv5: SUDO(8)
                                                      Published On:
                                                      Last Modified On:
                                                    • CCE-IDv5: http://www.sudo.ws/ -- More
                                                      CCE Information
                                                      CCE-IDv5: http://www.sudo.ws/
                                                      Published On:
                                                      Last Modified On:

                                                    CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                    • Control 4: Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges: -- More
                                                      CIS Control Information
                                                      Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the use, assignment, and configuration of administrative privileges on computers, networks, and applications.
                                                      Subcontrol: 4.3
                                                      Label: Ensure the Use of Dedicated Administrative Accounts
                                                      Description: Ensure that all users with administrative account access use a dedicated or secondary account for elevated activities. This account should only be used for administrative activities and not internet browsing, email, or similar activities.

                                                    Back to Summary
                                                    Fail

                                                    1.3.2 Ensure sudo commands use pty

                                                    Description:

                                                    sudo can be configured to run only from a psuedo-pty

                                                    Attackers can run a malicious program using sudo, which would again fork a background process that remains even when the main program has finished executing.

                                                    edit the file /etc/sudoers or a file in /etc/sudoers.d/ and add the following line:

                                                    Defaults use_pty

                                                    Show Assessment Evidence
                                                    Complex Check
                                                    OR
                                                    Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/sudoers exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\s*Defaults\s+([^#]+,\s*)?use_pty(,\s+\S+\s*)*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                    Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                    Item Check: All
                                                    Result: Fail
                                                    No matching system items were found.
                                                    Criterion: Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+$ in /etc/sudoers.d/ exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\s*Defaults\s+([^#]+,\s*)?use_pty(,\s+\S+\s*)*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                    Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                    Item Check: All
                                                    Result: Fail
                                                    No matching system items were found.


                                                    Show Rule Result XML
                                                    <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.3.2_Ensure_sudo_commands_use_pty"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.493Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/4/subcontrol/3"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident system="http://cce.mitre.org">SUDO(8)</xccdf:ident>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806683"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806683">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806683"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/sudoers exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\s*Defaults\s+([^#]+,\s*)?use_pty(,\s+\S+\s*)*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806687"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806687">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806687"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+$ in /etc/sudoers.d/ exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\s*Defaults\s+([^#]+,\s*)?use_pty(,\s+\S+\s*)*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                    References:

                                                    • CCE-IDv5: SUDO(8) -- More
                                                      CCE Information
                                                      CCE-IDv5: SUDO(8)
                                                      Published On:
                                                      Last Modified On:

                                                    CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                    • Control 4: Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges: -- More
                                                      CIS Control Information
                                                      Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the use, assignment, and configuration of administrative privileges on computers, networks, and applications.
                                                      Subcontrol: 4.3
                                                      Label: Ensure the Use of Dedicated Administrative Accounts
                                                      Description: Ensure that all users with administrative account access use a dedicated or secondary account for elevated activities. This account should only be used for administrative activities and not internet browsing, email, or similar activities.

                                                    Back to Summary
                                                    Fail

                                                    1.3.3 Ensure sudo log file exists

                                                    Description:

                                                    sudo can use a custom log file

                                                    A sudo log file simplifies auditing of sudo commands

                                                    edit the file /etc/sudoers or a file in /etc/sudoers.d/ and add the following line:

                                                    Defaults logfile="<PATH TO CUSTOM LOG FILE>"

                                                    Example

                                                    Defaults logfile="/var/log/sudo.log"

                                                    Show Assessment Evidence
                                                    Complex Check
                                                    OR
                                                    Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/sudoers exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\s*Defaults\s+([^#]+,\s*)?logfile="\S+"(,\s+\S+\s*)*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                    Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                    Item Check: All
                                                    Result: Fail
                                                    No matching system items were found.
                                                    Criterion: Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+$ in /etc/sudoers.d/ exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\s*Defaults\s+([^#]+,\s*)?logfile="\S+"(,\s+\S+\s*)*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                    Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                    Item Check: All
                                                    Result: Fail
                                                    No matching system items were found.


                                                    Show Rule Result XML
                                                    <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.3.3_Ensure_sudo_log_file_exists"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.493Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/3"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806693"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806693">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806693"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/sudoers exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\s*Defaults\s+([^#]+,\s*)?logfile="\S+"(,\s+\S+\s*)*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806697"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806697">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806697"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+$ in /etc/sudoers.d/ exists and matches pattern ^(?i)\s*Defaults\s+([^#]+,\s*)?logfile="\S+"(,\s+\S+\s*)*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                    References:

                                                      CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                      • Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
                                                        CIS Control Information
                                                        Control: Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand, or recover from an attack.
                                                        Subcontrol: 6.3
                                                        Label: Enable Detailed Logging
                                                        Description: Enable system logging to include detailed information such as a event source, date, user, timestamp, source addresses, destination addresses, and other useful elements.

                                                      Back to Summary

                                                      1.4 Filesystem Integrity Checking

                                                      AIDE is a file integrity checking tool, similar in nature to Tripwire. While it cannot prevent intrusions, it can detect unauthorized changes to configuration files by alerting when the files are changed. When setting up AIDE, decide internally what the site policy will be concerning integrity checking. Review the AIDE quick start guide and AIDE documentation before proceeding.

                                                      Fail

                                                      1.4.1 Ensure AIDE is installed

                                                      Description:

                                                      AIDE takes a snapshot of filesystem state including modification times, permissions, and file hashes which can then be used to compare against the current state of the filesystem to detect modifications to the system.

                                                      By monitoring the filesystem state compromised files can be detected to prevent or limit the exposure of accidental or malicious misconfigurations or modified binaries.

                                                      Install AIDE using the appropriate package manager or manual installation:

                                                      # apt install aide aide-common

                                                      Configure AIDE as appropriate for your environment. Consult the AIDE documentation for options.

                                                      Initialize AIDE:

                                                      # aideinit

                                                      Show Assessment Evidence
                                                      Complex Check
                                                      AND
                                                      Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'aide' is installed
                                                      Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                      Item Check: All
                                                      Result: Fail
                                                      No matching system items were found.


                                                      Show Rule Result XML
                                                      <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.4.1_Ensure_AIDE_is_installed"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.493Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/9"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident system="http://cce.mitre.org">AIDE stable manual: http://aide.sourceforge.net/stable/manual.html</xccdf:ident>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806666"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806666">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806666"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'aide' is installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                      References:

                                                      CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                      • Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
                                                        CIS Control Information
                                                        Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these critical assets based on an approved classification.
                                                        Subcontrol: 14.9
                                                        Label: Enforce Detail Logging for Access or Changes to Sensitive Data
                                                        Description: Enforce detailed audit logging for access to sensitive data or changes to sensitive data (utilizing tools such as File Integrity Monitoring or Security Information and Event Monitoring).

                                                      Back to Summary
                                                      Fail

                                                      1.4.2 Ensure filesystem integrity is regularly checked

                                                      Description:

                                                      Periodic checking of the filesystem integrity is needed to detect changes to the filesystem.

                                                      Periodic file checking allows the system administrator to determine on a regular basis if critical files have been changed in an unauthorized fashion.

                                                      Run the following commands:

                                                      # cp ./config/aidecheck.service /etc/systemd/system/aidecheck.service # cp ./config/aidecheck.timer /etc/systemd/system/aidecheck.timer # chmod 0644 /etc/systemd/system/aidecheck.* # systemctl reenable aidecheck.timer # systemctl restart aidecheck.timer # systemctl daemon-reload

                                                      ORRun the following command:

                                                      # crontab -u root -e

                                                      Add the following line to the crontab:

                                                      0 5 * * * /usr/bin/aide.wrapper --config /etc/aide/aide.conf --check

                                                      Show Assessment Evidence
                                                      Complex Check
                                                      OR
                                                      Complex Check
                                                      OR
                                                      Complex Check
                                                      OR
                                                      Complex Check
                                                      OR
                                                      Complex Check
                                                      OR
                                                      Complex Check
                                                      OR
                                                      Complex Check
                                                      OR
                                                      Complex Check
                                                      OR
                                                      Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /var/spool/cron/root exists and matches pattern ^([-0-9*\/,A-Za-z]+\s+){5}\/usr\/bin\/aide\.wrapper\s--config\s+\/etc\/aide\/aide\.conf\s--check\s*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                      Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                      Item Check: All
                                                      Result: Fail
                                                      No matching system items were found.
                                                      Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/crontab exists and matches pattern ^([-0-9*\/,A-Za-z]+\s+){5}(\S+\s+(-[a-z]+\s+)?)?\/usr\/bin\/aide\.wrapper\s--config\s+\/etc\/aide\/aide\.conf\s--check\s*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                      Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                      Item Check: All
                                                      Result: Fail
                                                      No matching system items were found.
                                                      Criterion: Ensure at least one file(s) named .* in /etc/cron.d exists and matches pattern ^([-0-9*\/,A-Za-z]+\s+){5}(\S+\s+(-[a-z]+\s+)?)?\/usr\/bin\/aide\.wrapper\s--config\s+\/etc\/aide\/aide\.conf\s--check\s*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                      Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                      Item Check: All
                                                      Result: Fail
                                                      No matching system items were found.
                                                      Criterion: Ensure at least one file(s) named .* in /etc/cron.hourly exists and matches pattern ^\s*\/usr\/bin\/aide\.wrapper\s--config\s+\/etc\/aide\/aide\.conf\s--check
                                                      Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                      Item Check: All
                                                      Result: Fail
                                                      No matching system items were found.
                                                      Criterion: Ensure at least one file(s) named .* in /etc/cron.daily exists and matches pattern ^\s*\/usr\/bin\/aide\.wrapper\s--config\s+\/etc\/aide\/aide\.conf\s--check
                                                      Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                      Item Check: All
                                                      Result: Fail
                                                      No matching system items were found.
                                                      Criterion: Ensure at least one file(s) named .* in /etc/cron.weekly exists and matches pattern ^\s*\/usr\/bin\/aide\.wrapper\s--config\s+\/etc\/aide\/aide\.conf\s--check
                                                      Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                      Item Check: All
                                                      Result: Fail
                                                      No matching system items were found.
                                                      Criterion: Ensure at least one file(s) named .* in /etc/cron.monthly exists and matches pattern ^\s*\/usr\/bin\/aide\.wrapper\s--config\s+\/etc\/aide\/aide\.conf\s--check
                                                      Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                      Item Check: All
                                                      Result: Fail
                                                      No matching system items were found.
                                                      Criterion: Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+$ in /etc/cron.daily/ exists and matches pattern ^\s*aide.wrapper\s+\$AIDEARGS\s+\"--\$COMMAND\"\s*.*$
                                                      Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                      Item Check: All
                                                      Result: Fail
                                                      No matching system items were found.
                                                      Complex Check
                                                      AND
                                                      Criterion: Ensure standard service 'aidecheck.service' is enabled
                                                      Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                      Item Check: All
                                                      Result: Fail
                                                      Systemdunitproperty Item
                                                      Name Type Status Value
                                                      Unit String Exists aidecheck.service.service
                                                      Property String Exists UnitFileState
                                                      Value String Exists No Value
                                                      Criterion: Ensure standard service 'aidecheck.timer' is enabled
                                                      Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                      Item Check: All
                                                      Result: Fail
                                                      Systemdunitproperty Item
                                                      Name Type Status Value
                                                      Unit String Exists aidecheck.timer.service
                                                      Property String Exists UnitFileState
                                                      Value String Exists No Value


                                                      Show Rule Result XML
                                                      <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.4.2_Ensure_filesystem_integrity_is_regularly_checked"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.494Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/9"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident system="http://cce.mitre.org">https://github.com/konstruktoid/hardening/blob/master/config/aidecheck.service</xccdf:ident>
   <xccdf:ident system="http://cce.mitre.org">https://github.com/konstruktoid/hardening/blob/master/config/aidecheck.timer</xccdf:ident>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
         <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
            <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
               <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
                  <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
                     <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
                        <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
                           <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                                        negate="false"
                                        multi-check="false">
                              <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                                       name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806669"/>
                              <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                                 <div class="definition"
                                      id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806669">
                                    <div class="criteria">
                                       <div class="criterion"
                                            id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806669"
                                            check="all"
                                            check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                                          <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                                             <tbody class="tbe">
                                                <tr>
                                                   <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                                   <td>Ensure at least one file named /var/spool/cron/root exists and matches pattern ^([-0-9*\/,A-Za-z]+\s+){5}\/usr\/bin\/aide\.wrapper\s--config\s+\/etc\/aide\/aide\.conf\s--check\s*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                                                </tr>
                                                <tr>
                                                   <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                                   <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                                </tr>
                                                <tr>
                                                   <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                                   <td>All</td>
                                                </tr>
                                                <tr>
                                                   <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                                   <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                                </tr>
                                             </tbody>
                                          </table>
                                          <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                                             <tr>
                                                <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                                             </tr>
                                          </table>
                                       </div>
                                    </div>
                                 </div>
                              </evidence>
                           </xccdf:check>
                           <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                                        negate="false"
                                        multi-check="false">
                              <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                                       name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806672"/>
                              <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                                 <div class="definition"
                                      id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806672">
                                    <div class="criteria">
                                       <div class="criterion"
                                            id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806672"
                                            check="all"
                                            check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                                          <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                                             <tbody class="tbe">
                                                <tr>
                                                   <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                                   <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/crontab exists and matches pattern ^([-0-9*\/,A-Za-z]+\s+){5}(\S+\s+(-[a-z]+\s+)?)?\/usr\/bin\/aide\.wrapper\s--config\s+\/etc\/aide\/aide\.conf\s--check\s*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                                                </tr>
                                                <tr>
                                                   <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                                   <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                                </tr>
                                                <tr>
                                                   <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                                   <td>All</td>
                                                </tr>
                                                <tr>
                                                   <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                                   <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                                </tr>
                                             </tbody>
                                          </table>
                                          <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                                             <tr>
                                                <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                                             </tr>
                                          </table>
                                       </div>
                                    </div>
                                 </div>
                              </evidence>
                           </xccdf:check>
                        </xccdf:complex-check>
                        <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                                     negate="false"
                                     multi-check="false">
                           <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                                    name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806679"/>
                           <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                              <div class="definition"
                                   id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806679">
                                 <div class="criteria">
                                    <div class="criterion"
                                         id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806679"
                                         check="all"
                                         check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                                       <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                                          <tbody class="tbe">
                                             <tr>
                                                <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                                <td>Ensure at least one file(s) named .* in /etc/cron.d exists and matches pattern ^([-0-9*\/,A-Za-z]+\s+){5}(\S+\s+(-[a-z]+\s+)?)?\/usr\/bin\/aide\.wrapper\s--config\s+\/etc\/aide\/aide\.conf\s--check\s*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                                             </tr>
                                             <tr>
                                                <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                                <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                             </tr>
                                             <tr>
                                                <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                                <td>All</td>
                                             </tr>
                                             <tr>
                                                <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                                <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                             </tr>
                                          </tbody>
                                       </table>
                                       <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                                          <tr>
                                             <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                                          </tr>
                                       </table>
                                    </div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </evidence>
                        </xccdf:check>
                     </xccdf:complex-check>
                     <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                                  negate="false"
                                  multi-check="false">
                        <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                                 name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806685"/>
                        <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                           <div class="definition"
                                id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806685">
                              <div class="criteria">
                                 <div class="criterion"
                                      id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806685"
                                      check="all"
                                      check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                                    <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                                       <tbody class="tbe">
                                          <tr>
                                             <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                             <td>Ensure at least one file(s) named .* in /etc/cron.hourly exists and matches pattern ^\s*\/usr\/bin\/aide\.wrapper\s--config\s+\/etc\/aide\/aide\.conf\s--check</td>
                                          </tr>
                                          <tr>
                                             <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                             <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                          </tr>
                                          <tr>
                                             <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                             <td>All</td>
                                          </tr>
                                          <tr>
                                             <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                             <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                          </tr>
                                       </tbody>
                                    </table>
                                    <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                                       <tr>
                                          <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                                       </tr>
                                    </table>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </evidence>
                     </xccdf:check>
                  </xccdf:complex-check>
                  <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                               negate="false"
                               multi-check="false">
                     <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                              name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806691"/>
                     <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                        <div class="definition"
                             id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806691">
                           <div class="criteria">
                              <div class="criterion"
                                   id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806691"
                                   check="all"
                                   check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                                 <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                                    <tbody class="tbe">
                                       <tr>
                                          <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                          <td>Ensure at least one file(s) named .* in /etc/cron.daily exists and matches pattern ^\s*\/usr\/bin\/aide\.wrapper\s--config\s+\/etc\/aide\/aide\.conf\s--check</td>
                                       </tr>
                                       <tr>
                                          <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                          <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                       </tr>
                                       <tr>
                                          <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                          <td>All</td>
                                       </tr>
                                       <tr>
                                          <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                          <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                       </tr>
                                    </tbody>
                                 </table>
                                 <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                                    <tr>
                                       <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                                    </tr>
                                 </table>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                     </evidence>
                  </xccdf:check>
               </xccdf:complex-check>
               <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                            negate="false"
                            multi-check="false">
                  <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                           name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806698"/>
                  <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                     <div class="definition"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806698">
                        <div class="criteria">
                           <div class="criterion"
                                id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806698"
                                check="all"
                                check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                              <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                                 <tbody class="tbe">
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                       <td>Ensure at least one file(s) named .* in /etc/cron.weekly exists and matches pattern ^\s*\/usr\/bin\/aide\.wrapper\s--config\s+\/etc\/aide\/aide\.conf\s--check</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                       <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                       <td>All</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                       <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                    </tr>
                                 </tbody>
                              </table>
                              <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </table>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </evidence>
               </xccdf:check>
            </xccdf:complex-check>
            <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                         negate="false"
                         multi-check="false">
               <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                        name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806700"/>
               <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                  <div class="definition"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806700">
                     <div class="criteria">
                        <div class="criterion"
                             id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806700"
                             check="all"
                             check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                           <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                    <td>Ensure at least one file(s) named .* in /etc/cron.monthly exists and matches pattern ^\s*\/usr\/bin\/aide\.wrapper\s--config\s+\/etc\/aide\/aide\.conf\s--check</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                    <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                    <td>All</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                    <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                              </tr>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </evidence>
            </xccdf:check>
         </xccdf:complex-check>
         <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                     name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806710"/>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="definition"
                    id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806710">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806710"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+$ in /etc/cron.daily/ exists and matches pattern ^\s*aide.wrapper\s+\$AIDEARGS\s+\"--\$COMMAND\"\s*.*$</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
      </xccdf:complex-check>
      <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
         <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                     name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806715"/>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="definition"
                    id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806715">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806715"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure standard service 'aidecheck.service' is enabled</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
                           <thead>
                              <tr>
                                 <th scope="col">Name</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Type</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Status</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Value</th>
                              </tr>
                           </thead>
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Unit</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>aidecheck.service.service</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Property</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>UnitFileState</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr class="evaluated">
                                 <td>Value</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>No Value</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
         <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                     name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806721"/>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="definition"
                    id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806721">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806721"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure standard service 'aidecheck.timer' is enabled</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
                           <thead>
                              <tr>
                                 <th scope="col">Name</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Type</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Status</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Value</th>
                              </tr>
                           </thead>
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Unit</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>aidecheck.timer.service</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Property</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>UnitFileState</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr class="evaluated">
                                 <td>Value</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>No Value</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
      </xccdf:complex-check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                      References:

                                                      CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                      • Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
                                                        CIS Control Information
                                                        Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these critical assets based on an approved classification.
                                                        Subcontrol: 14.9
                                                        Label: Enforce Detail Logging for Access or Changes to Sensitive Data
                                                        Description: Enforce detailed audit logging for access to sensitive data or changes to sensitive data (utilizing tools such as File Integrity Monitoring or Security Information and Event Monitoring).

                                                      Back to Summary

                                                      1.5 Secure Boot Settings

                                                      The recommendations in this section focus on securing the bootloader and settings involved in the boot process directly.

                                                      Fail

                                                      1.5.1 Ensure permissions on bootloader config are configured

                                                      Description:

                                                      The grub configuration file contains information on boot settings and passwords for unlocking boot options. The grub configuration is usually grub.cfg stored in /boot/grub/ .

                                                      Setting the permissions to read and write for root only prevents non-root users from seeing the boot parameters or changing them. Non-root users who read the boot parameters may be able to identify weaknesses in security upon boot and be able to exploit them.

                                                      Run the following commands to set permissions on your grub configuration:

                                                      # chown root:root /boot/grub/grub.cfg # chmod og-rwx /boot/grub/grub.cfg

                                                      Show Assessment Evidence
                                                      Complex Check
                                                      AND
                                                      Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /boot/grub/grub.cfg exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions ---rwxrwx
                                                      Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                      Item Check: All
                                                      Result: Fail
                                                      No matching system items were found.


                                                      Show Rule Result XML
                                                      <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.5.1_Ensure_permissions_on_bootloader_config_are_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.494Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806667"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806667">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806667"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /boot/grub/grub.cfg exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions ---rwxrwx</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                      References:

                                                        CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                        • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                                          CIS Control Information
                                                          Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                                          Subcontrol: 5.1
                                                          Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                                          Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                                        Back to Summary
                                                        Fail

                                                        1.5.2 Ensure bootloader password is set

                                                        Description:

                                                        Setting the boot loader password will require that anyone rebooting the system must enter a password before being able to set command line boot parameters

                                                        Requiring a boot password upon execution of the boot loader will prevent an unauthorized user from entering boot parameters or changing the boot partition. This prevents users from weakening security (e.g. turning off AppArmor at boot time).

                                                        Create an encrypted password with grub-mkpasswd-pbkdf2 :

                                                        # grub-mkpasswd-pbkdf2

                                                        Enter password: <password>

                                                        Reenter password: <password>

                                                        Your PBKDF2 is <encrypted-password>

                                                        Add the following into a custom /etc/grub.d configuration file:

                                                        cat <<EOF

                                                        set superusers="<username>"

                                                        password_pbkdf2 <username> <encrypted-password>

                                                        EOF

                                                        ** The superuser/user information and password should not be contained in the /etc/grub.d/00_header file as this file could be overwritten in a package update.**

                                                        If there is a requirement to be able to boot/reboot without entering the password, edit /etc/grub.d/10_linux and add --unrestricted to the line CLASS=

                                                        Example:

                                                        CLASS="--class gnu-linux --class gnu --class os --unrestricted"

                                                        Run the following command to update the grub2 configuration:

                                                        # update-grub

                                                        Impact:

                                                        If password protection is enabled, only the designated superuser can edit a Grub 2 menu item by pressing "e" or access the GRUB 2 command line by pressing "c"

                                                        If GRUB 2 is set up to boot automatically to a password-protected menu entry the user has no option to back out of the password prompt to select another menu entry. Holding the SHIFT key will not display the menu in this case. The user must enter the correct username and password. If unable, the configuration files will have to be edited via the LiveCD or other means to fix the problem

                                                        You can add --unrestricted to the menu entries to allow the system to boot without entering a password. Password will still be required to edit menu items.

                                                        More Information: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Grub2/Passwords

                                                        Show Assessment Evidence
                                                        Complex Check
                                                        AND
                                                        Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /boot/grub/grub.cfg exists and matches pattern ^\s*set\s+superusers\s*=\s*"[^"]*"\s*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                        Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                        Item Check: All
                                                        Result: Fail
                                                        No matching system items were found.
                                                        Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /boot/grub/grub.cfg exists and matches pattern ^\s*password_pbkdf2\s+\S+\s+\S+\s*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                        Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                        Item Check: All
                                                        Result: Fail
                                                        No matching system items were found.


                                                        Show Rule Result XML
                                                        <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.5.2_Ensure_bootloader_password_is_set"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.495Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806670"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806670">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806670"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /boot/grub/grub.cfg exists and matches pattern ^\s*set\s+superusers\s*=\s*"[^"]*"\s*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806675"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806675">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806675"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /boot/grub/grub.cfg exists and matches pattern ^\s*password_pbkdf2\s+\S+\s+\S+\s*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                        References:

                                                          CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                          • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                                            CIS Control Information
                                                            Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                                            Subcontrol: 5.1
                                                            Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                                            Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                                          Back to Summary
                                                          Pass

                                                          1.5.3 Ensure authentication required for single user mode

                                                          Description:

                                                          Single user mode is used for recovery when the system detects an issue during boot or by manual selection from the bootloader.

                                                          Requiring authentication in single user mode prevents an unauthorized user from rebooting the system into single user to gain root privileges without credentials.

                                                          Run the following command and follow the prompts to set a password for the root user:

                                                          # passwd root

                                                          Show Assessment Evidence
                                                          Complex Check
                                                          AND
                                                          Criterion: Ensure usernames equals root have shadow parameter password Pattern Not Match ^[*\!] (string)
                                                          Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                          Item Check: All
                                                          Result: Fail
                                                          Shadow Item
                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                          Username String Exists root
                                                          Password String Exists $6$xyD2JtAg$18v8Q7.Fj661Tj6xlrq2V1lUwv1gFAo9cGZvip/QCBs6K4xculGxgRxPJrTb4tAcgLqQcI0MVNmxJf84T8OIq/
                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18828
                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists SHA-512


                                                          Show Rule Result XML
                                                          <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.5.3_Ensure_authentication_required_for_single_user_mode"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.495Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:806682"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_806682_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806682"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806682">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806682"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure usernames equals root have shadow parameter password Pattern Not Match ^[*\!] (string)</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>root</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>$6$xyD2JtAg$18v8Q7.Fj661Tj6xlrq2V1lUwv1gFAo9cGZvip/QCBs6K4xculGxgRxPJrTb4tAcgLqQcI0MVNmxJf84T8OIq/</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18828</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>SHA-512</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                          References:

                                                            CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                            • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                                              CIS Control Information
                                                              Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                                              Subcontrol: 5.1
                                                              Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                                              Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                                            Back to Summary
                                                            Manual

                                                            1.5.4 Ensure interactive boot is not enabled

                                                            Description:

                                                            Interactive boot allows console users to interactively select which services start on boot. Not all distributions support this capability.

                                                            The PROMPT_FOR_CONFIRM option provides console users the ability to interactively boot the system and select which services to start on boot .

                                                            Turn off the PROMPT_FOR_CONFIRM option on the console to prevent console users from potentially overriding established security settings.

                                                            If interactive boot is available disable it.



                                                            Show Rule Result XML
                                                            <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.5.4_Ensure_interactive_boot_is_not_enabled"
                   role="unscored"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.495Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="0.0">
   <xccdf:result>notchecked</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                            References:

                                                              CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                              • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                                                CIS Control Information
                                                                Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                                                Subcontrol: 5.1
                                                                Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                                                Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                                              Back to Summary

                                                              1.6 Additional Process Hardening

                                                              Fail

                                                              1.6.1 Ensure XD/NX support is enabled

                                                              Description:

                                                              Recent processors in the x86 family support the ability to prevent code execution on a per memory page basis. Generically and on AMD processors, this ability is called No Execute (NX), while on Intel processors it is called Execute Disable (XD). This ability can help prevent exploitation of buffer overflow vulnerabilities and should be activated whenever possible. Extra steps must be taken to ensure that this protection is enabled, particularly on 32-bit x86 systems. Other processors, such as Itanium and POWER, have included such support since inception and the standard kernel for those platforms supports the feature.

                                                              Enabling any feature that can protect against buffer overflow attacks enhances the security of the system.

                                                              On 32 bit systems install a kernel with PAE support, no installation is required on 64 bit systems:

                                                              If necessary configure your bootloader to load the new kernel and reboot the system.

                                                              You may need to enable NX or XD support in your bios.

                                                              Show Assessment Evidence
                                                              Complex Check
                                                              AND
                                                              Script: sce/xdnd_chk.sh
                                                              Result: Fail
                                                              Exit Value: 102
                                                              Output:
                                                              • XD/ND support is not enabled
                                                              No error lines were collected.


                                                              Show Rule Result XML
                                                              <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.6.1_Ensure_XDNX_support_is_enabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.495Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/8/subcontrol/3"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/xdnd_chk.sh"/>
         <xccdf:check-content>
            <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/xdnd_chk.sh"
                            href="sce/xdnd_chk.sh"
                            xccdf="fail"
                            exit-value="102">
               <out>
                  <l>XD/ND support is not enabled</l>
               </out>
               <err/>
               <env/>
            </command_result>
         </xccdf:check-content>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="sce">
               <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                        <td>sce/xdnd_chk.sh</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                        <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                        <td>102</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                        <td>
                           <ul class="unstyled">
                              <li>XD/ND support is not enabled</li>
                           </ul>
                        </td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                              References:

                                                                CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                • Control 8: Malware Defenses: -- More
                                                                  CIS Control Information
                                                                  Control: Control the installation, spread, and execution of malicious code at multiple points in the enterprise, while optimizing the use of automation to enable rapid updating of defense, data gathering, and corrective action.
                                                                  Subcontrol: 8.3
                                                                  Label: Enable Operating System Anti-Exploitation Features/ Deploy Anti-Exploit Technologies
                                                                  Description: Enable anti-exploitation features such as Data Execution Prevention (DEP) or Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) that are available in an operating system or deploy appropriate toolkits that can be configured to apply protection to a broader set of applications and executables.

                                                                Back to Summary
                                                                Fail

                                                                1.6.2 Ensure address space layout randomization (ASLR) is enabled

                                                                Description:

                                                                Address space layout randomization (ASLR) is an exploit mitigation technique which randomly arranges the address space of key data areas of a process.

                                                                Randomly placing virtual memory regions will make it difficult to write memory page exploits as the memory placement will be consistently shifting.

                                                                Set the following parameter in /etc/sysctl.conf or a /etc/sysctl.d/* file:

                                                                kernel.randomize_va_space = 2

                                                                Run the following command to set the active kernel parameter:

                                                                # sysctl -w kernel.randomize_va_space=2

                                                                Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                Complex Check
                                                                AND
                                                                Criterion: Ensure 'kernel.randomize_va_space' kernel parameter Equals 2 (int)
                                                                Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                No matching system items were found.
                                                                Criterion: Ensure 'kernel.randomize_va_space' kernel parameter Equals 2 (int)
                                                                Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                No matching system items were found.
                                                                Criterion: Ensure 'kernel.randomize_va_space' kernel parameter Equals 2 (int)
                                                                Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                Result: Pass
                                                                Sysctl Item
                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                Name String Exists kernel.randomize_va_space
                                                                Value Int Exists 2


                                                                Show Rule Result XML
                                                                <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.6.2_Ensure_address_space_layout_randomization_ASLR_is_enabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.495Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/8/subcontrol/3"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:806699"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_806699_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806699"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806699">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8066992"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure 'kernel.randomize_va_space' kernel parameter Equals 2 (int)</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8066993"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure 'kernel.randomize_va_space' kernel parameter Equals 2 (int)</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8066991"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure 'kernel.randomize_va_space' kernel parameter Equals 2 (int)</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Sysctl Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Name</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>kernel.randomize_va_space</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>2</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                References:

                                                                  CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                  • Control 8: Malware Defenses: -- More
                                                                    CIS Control Information
                                                                    Control: Control the installation, spread, and execution of malicious code at multiple points in the enterprise, while optimizing the use of automation to enable rapid updating of defense, data gathering, and corrective action.
                                                                    Subcontrol: 8.3
                                                                    Label: Enable Operating System Anti-Exploitation Features/ Deploy Anti-Exploit Technologies
                                                                    Description: Enable anti-exploitation features such as Data Execution Prevention (DEP) or Address Space Layout Randomization (ASLR) that are available in an operating system or deploy appropriate toolkits that can be configured to apply protection to a broader set of applications and executables.

                                                                  Back to Summary
                                                                  Pass

                                                                  1.6.3 Ensure prelink is disabled

                                                                  Description:

                                                                  prelink is a program that modifies ELF shared libraries and ELF dynamically linked binaries in such a way that the time needed for the dynamic linker to perform relocations at startup significantly decreases.

                                                                  The prelinking feature can interfere with the operation of AIDE, because it changes binaries. Prelinking can also increase the vulnerability of the system if a malicious user is able to compromise a common library such as libc.

                                                                  Run the following command to restore binaries to normal:

                                                                  # prelink -ua

                                                                  Uninstall prelink using the appropriate package manager or manual installation:

                                                                  # apt purge prelink

                                                                  Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                  Complex Check
                                                                  AND
                                                                  Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'prelink' is not installed
                                                                  Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                  Item Check: All
                                                                  Result: Pass
                                                                  No matching system items were found.


                                                                  Show Rule Result XML
                                                                  <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.6.3_Ensure_prelink_is_disabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.495Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/9"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806705"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806705">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806705"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'prelink' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                  References:

                                                                    CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                    • Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
                                                                      CIS Control Information
                                                                      Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these critical assets based on an approved classification.
                                                                      Subcontrol: 14.9
                                                                      Label: Enforce Detail Logging for Access or Changes to Sensitive Data
                                                                      Description: Enforce detailed audit logging for access to sensitive data or changes to sensitive data (utilizing tools such as File Integrity Monitoring or Security Information and Event Monitoring).

                                                                    Back to Summary
                                                                    Fail

                                                                    1.6.4 Ensure core dumps are restricted

                                                                    Description:

                                                                    A core dump is the memory of an executable program. It is generally used to determine why a program aborted. It can also be used to glean confidential information from a core file. The system provides the ability to set a soft limit for core dumps, but this can be overridden by the user.

                                                                    Setting a hard limit on core dumps prevents users from overriding the soft variable. If core dumps are required, consider setting limits for user groups (see limits.conf(5) ). In addition, setting the fs.suid_dumpable variable to 0 will prevent setuid programs from dumping core.

                                                                    Add the following line to /etc/security/limits.conf or a /etc/security/limits.d/* file:

                                                                    * hard core 0

                                                                    Set the following parameter in /etc/sysctl.conf or a /etc/sysctl.d/* file:

                                                                    fs.suid_dumpable = 0

                                                                    Run the following command to set the active kernel parameter:

                                                                    # sysctl -w fs.suid_dumpable=0

                                                                    If systemd-coredump is installed:

                                                                    edit /etc/systemd/coredump.conf and add/modify the following lines:

                                                                    Storage=none

                                                                    ProcessSizeMax=0

                                                                    Run the command:

                                                                    systemctl daemon-reload

                                                                    Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                    Complex Check
                                                                    AND
                                                                    Complex Check
                                                                    AND
                                                                    Complex Check
                                                                    OR
                                                                    Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/security/limits.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*\*\s+hard\s+core\s+0\s*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                                    Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                    Item Check: All
                                                                    Result: Fail
                                                                    No matching system items were found.
                                                                    Criterion: Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+$ in /etc/security/limits.d exists and matches pattern ^\s*\*\s+hard\s+core\s+0\s*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                                    Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                    Item Check: All
                                                                    Result: Fail
                                                                    No matching system items were found.
                                                                    Script: sce/sysctl_running_config.sh
                                                                    Result: Fail
                                                                    Exit Value: 102
                                                                    Output:
                                                                    • Missing sysctl parameter.
                                                                    Errors:
                                                                    • sysctl: permission denied on key 'fs.protected_fifos'
                                                                    • sysctl: permission denied on key 'fs.protected_regular'
                                                                    • sysctl: permission denied on key 'kernel.cad_pid'
                                                                    • sysctl: permission denied on key 'kernel.unprivileged_userns_apparmor_policy'
                                                                    • sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.default.stable_secret"
                                                                    • sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.docker0.stable_secret"
                                                                    • sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.eth0.stable_secret"
                                                                    • sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.eth1.stable_secret"
                                                                    • sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.flannel/1.stable_secret"
                                                                    • sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.lo.stable_secret"
                                                                    • sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.veth066e5a72.stable_secret"
                                                                    • sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.veth5436b6b9.stable_secret"
                                                                    • sysctl: permission denied on key 'vm.mmap_rnd_bits'
                                                                    • sysctl: permission denied on key 'vm.mmap_rnd_compat_bits'
                                                                    • sysctl: permission denied on key 'vm.stat_refresh'
                                                                    Complex Check
                                                                    OR
                                                                    Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/sysctl.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*fs\.suid_dumpable\s*=\s*0\s*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                                    Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                    Item Check: All
                                                                    Result: Fail
                                                                    No matching system items were found.
                                                                    Criterion: Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+$ in /etc/sysctl.d exists and matches pattern ^\s*fs\.suid_dumpable\s*=\s*0\s*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                                    Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                    Item Check: All
                                                                    Result: Fail
                                                                    No matching system items were found.


                                                                    Show Rule Result XML
                                                                    <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.6.4_Ensure_core_dumps_are_restricted"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.496Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
         <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
            <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                         negate="false"
                         multi-check="false">
               <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                        name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806671"/>
               <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                  <div class="definition"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806671">
                     <div class="criteria">
                        <div class="criterion"
                             id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806671"
                             check="all"
                             check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                           <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                    <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/security/limits.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*\*\s+hard\s+core\s+0\s*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                    <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                    <td>All</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                    <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                              </tr>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </evidence>
            </xccdf:check>
            <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                         negate="false"
                         multi-check="false">
               <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                        name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806677"/>
               <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                  <div class="definition"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806677">
                     <div class="criteria">
                        <div class="criterion"
                             id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806677"
                             check="all"
                             check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                           <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                    <td>Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+$ in /etc/security/limits.d exists and matches pattern ^\s*\*\s+hard\s+core\s+0\s*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                    <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                    <td>All</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                    <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                              </tr>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </evidence>
            </xccdf:check>
         </xccdf:complex-check>
         <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                                value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_806681_var"/>
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sysctl_running_config.sh"/>
            <xccdf:check-content>
               <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/sysctl_running_config.sh"
                               href="sce/sysctl_running_config.sh"
                               xccdf="fail"
                               exit-value="102">
                  <out>
                     <l>Missing sysctl parameter.</l>
                  </out>
                  <err>
                     <l>sysctl: permission denied on key 'fs.protected_fifos'</l>
                     <l>sysctl: permission denied on key 'fs.protected_regular'</l>
                     <l>sysctl: permission denied on key 'kernel.cad_pid'</l>
                     <l>sysctl: permission denied on key 'kernel.unprivileged_userns_apparmor_policy'</l>
                     <l>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.default.stable_secret"</l>
                     <l>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.docker0.stable_secret"</l>
                     <l>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.eth0.stable_secret"</l>
                     <l>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.eth1.stable_secret"</l>
                     <l>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.flannel/1.stable_secret"</l>
                     <l>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.lo.stable_secret"</l>
                     <l>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.veth066e5a72.stable_secret"</l>
                     <l>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.veth5436b6b9.stable_secret"</l>
                     <l>sysctl: permission denied on key 'vm.mmap_rnd_bits'</l>
                     <l>sysctl: permission denied on key 'vm.mmap_rnd_compat_bits'</l>
                     <l>sysctl: permission denied on key 'vm.stat_refresh'</l>
                  </err>
                  <env/>
               </command_result>
            </xccdf:check-content>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="sce">
                  <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                     <tbody class="tbe">
                        <tr>
                           <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                           <td>sce/sysctl_running_config.sh</td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                           <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                           <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                           <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                           <td>102</td>
                        </tr>
                     </tbody>
                  </table>
                  <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                     <tbody class="tbe">
                        <tr>
                           <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                           <td>
                              <ul class="unstyled">
                                 <li>Missing sysctl parameter.</li>
                              </ul>
                           </td>
                        </tr>
                     </tbody>
                  </table>
                  <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                     <tbody class="tbe">
                        <tr>
                           <td class="bold">Errors:</td>
                           <td>
                              <ul>
                                 <li>sysctl: permission denied on key 'fs.protected_fifos'</li>
                                 <li>sysctl: permission denied on key 'fs.protected_regular'</li>
                                 <li>sysctl: permission denied on key 'kernel.cad_pid'</li>
                                 <li>sysctl: permission denied on key 'kernel.unprivileged_userns_apparmor_policy'</li>
                                 <li>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.default.stable_secret"</li>
                                 <li>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.docker0.stable_secret"</li>
                                 <li>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.eth0.stable_secret"</li>
                                 <li>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.eth1.stable_secret"</li>
                                 <li>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.flannel/1.stable_secret"</li>
                                 <li>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.lo.stable_secret"</li>
                                 <li>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.veth066e5a72.stable_secret"</li>
                                 <li>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.veth5436b6b9.stable_secret"</li>
                                 <li>sysctl: permission denied on key 'vm.mmap_rnd_bits'</li>
                                 <li>sysctl: permission denied on key 'vm.mmap_rnd_compat_bits'</li>
                                 <li>sysctl: permission denied on key 'vm.stat_refresh'</li>
                              </ul>
                           </td>
                        </tr>
                     </tbody>
                  </table>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
      </xccdf:complex-check>
      <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
         <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                     name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806684"/>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="definition"
                    id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806684">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806684"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/sysctl.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*fs\.suid_dumpable\s*=\s*0\s*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
         <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                     name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806689"/>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="definition"
                    id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806689">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806689"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+$ in /etc/sysctl.d exists and matches pattern ^\s*fs\.suid_dumpable\s*=\s*0\s*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
      </xccdf:complex-check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                    References:

                                                                      CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                      • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                                                        CIS Control Information
                                                                        Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                                                        Subcontrol: 5.1
                                                                        Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                                                        Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                                                      Back to Summary

                                                                      1.7 Mandatory Access Control

                                                                      Mandatory Access Control (MAC) provides an additional layer of access restrictions to processes on top of the base Discretionary Access Controls. By restricting how processes can access files and resources on a system the potential impact from vulnerabilities in the processes can be reduced.

                                                                      Impact: Mandatory Access Control limits the capabilities of applications and daemons on a system, while this can prevent unauthorized access the configuration of MAC can be complex and difficult to implement correctly preventing legitimate access from occurring.

                                                                      Note: Apparmor is the default MAC provided with Ubuntu systems.

                                                                      Note: Additional Mandatory Access Control systems to include SELinux exist. If a different Mandatory Access Control systems is used, please follow it's vendors guidance for proper implementation in place of the guidance provided in this section

                                                                      1.7.1 Configure AppArmor

                                                                      AppArmor provides a Mandatory Access Control (MAC) system that greatly augments the default Discretionary Access Control (DAC) model. Under AppArmor MAC rules are applied by file paths instead of by security contexts as in other MAC systems. As such it does not require support in the filesystem and can be applied to network mounted filesystems for example. AppArmor security policies define what system resources applications can access and what privileges they can do so with. This automatically limits the damage that the software can do to files accessible by the calling user. The user does not need to take any action to gain this benefit. For an action to occur, both the traditional DAC permissions must be satisfied as well as the AppArmor MAC rules. The action will not be allowed if either one of these models does not permit the action. In this way, AppArmor rules can only make a system's permissions more restrictive and secure.

                                                                      References:

                                                                      1. AppArmor Documentation: http://wiki.apparmor.net/index.php/Documentation
                                                                      2. Ubuntu AppArmor Documentation: https://help.ubuntu.com/community/AppArmor
                                                                      3. SUSE AppArmor Documentation: https://www.suse.com/documentation/apparmor/
                                                                      Pass

                                                                      1.7.1.1 Ensure AppArmor is installed

                                                                      Description:

                                                                      AppArmor provides Mandatory Access Controls.

                                                                      Without a Mandatory Access Control system installed only the default Discretionary Access Control system will be available.

                                                                      Install Apparmor.

                                                                      # apt install apparmor apparmor-utils

                                                                      Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                      Complex Check
                                                                      AND
                                                                      Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'apparmor' is installed
                                                                      Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                      Item Check: All
                                                                      Result: Pass
                                                                      Dpkginfo Item
                                                                      Name Type Status Value
                                                                      Name String Exists apparmor
                                                                      Arch String Exists amd64
                                                                      Epoch String Exists (none)
                                                                      Release String Exists 4ubuntu5.1
                                                                      Version String Exists 2.12
                                                                      Evr Evr String Exists 0:2.12-4ubuntu5.1


                                                                      Show Rule Result XML
                                                                      <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.7.1.1_Ensure_AppArmor_is_installed"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.496Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806916"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806916">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806916"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'apparmor' is installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Name</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>apparmor</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Arch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>amd64</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Epoch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>(none)</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Release</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>4ubuntu5.1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Version</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>2.12</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Evr</td>
                              <td>Evr String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0:2.12-4ubuntu5.1</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                      References:

                                                                        CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                        • Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
                                                                          CIS Control Information
                                                                          Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these critical assets based on an approved classification.
                                                                          Subcontrol: 14.6
                                                                          Label: Protect Information through Access Control Lists
                                                                          Description: Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims, application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities.

                                                                        Back to Summary
                                                                        Fail

                                                                        1.7.1.2 Ensure AppArmor is enabled in the bootloader configuration

                                                                        Description:

                                                                        Configure AppArmor to be enabled at boot time and verify that it has not been overwritten by the bootloader boot parameters.

                                                                        AppArmor must be enabled at boot time in your bootloader configuration to ensure that the controls it provides are not overridden.

                                                                        edit /etc/default/grub and add the appermor=1 and security=apparmor parameters to the GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX= line

                                                                        GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="apparmor=1 security=apparmor"

                                                                        Run the following command to update the grub2 configuration:

                                                                        # update-grub

                                                                        Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                        Complex Check
                                                                        AND
                                                                        Criterion: Ensure /boot/grub/grub.cfg contents Pattern Match apparmor=1 (string)
                                                                        Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                        Item Check: All
                                                                        Result: Fail
                                                                        No matching system items were found.
                                                                        Criterion: Ensure /boot/grub/grub.cfg contents Pattern Match security=apparmor (string)
                                                                        Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                        Item Check: All
                                                                        Result: Fail
                                                                        No matching system items were found.


                                                                        Show Rule Result XML
                                                                        <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.7.1.2_Ensure_AppArmor_is_enabled_in_the_bootloader_configuration"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.496Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:806892"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_8068921_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:8068922"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_8068922_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806892"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806892">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806892"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure /boot/grub/grub.cfg contents Pattern Match apparmor=1 (string)</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:806897"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_8068971_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:8068972"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_8068972_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806897"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806897">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806897"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure /boot/grub/grub.cfg contents Pattern Match security=apparmor (string)</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                        References:

                                                                          CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                          • Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
                                                                            CIS Control Information
                                                                            Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these critical assets based on an approved classification.
                                                                            Subcontrol: 14.6
                                                                            Label: Protect Information through Access Control Lists
                                                                            Description: Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims, application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities.

                                                                          Back to Summary
                                                                          Fail

                                                                          1.7.1.3 Ensure all AppArmor Profiles are in enforce or complain mode

                                                                          Description:

                                                                          AppArmor profiles define what resources applications are able to access.

                                                                          Security configuration requirements vary from site to site. Some sites may mandate a policy that is stricter than the default policy, which is perfectly acceptable. This item is intended to ensure that any policies that exist on the system are activated.

                                                                          Run the following command to set all profiles to enforce mode:

                                                                          # aa-enforce /etc/apparmor.d/*

                                                                          OR

                                                                          Run the following command to set all profiles to complain mode:

                                                                          # aa-complain /etc/apparmor.d/*

                                                                          Any unconfined processes may need to have a profile created or activated for them and then be restarted.

                                                                          Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                          Complex Check
                                                                          AND
                                                                          Criterion: Linux Custom Object "AppArmor has loaded profiles"
                                                                          Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                          Item Check: All
                                                                          Result: Fail
                                                                          Apparmorstatus Item
                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                          Loaded Profiles Count Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                          Enforce Mode Profiles Count Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                          Complain Mode Profiles Count Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                          Processes With Profiles Count Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                          Enforce Mode Processes Count Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                          Complain Mode Processes Count Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                          Unconfined Processes With Profiles Count Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                          Criterion: Linux Custom Object "No AppArmor Processes Are Unconfined"
                                                                          Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                          Item Check: All
                                                                          Result: Fail
                                                                          Apparmorstatus Item
                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                          Loaded Profiles Count Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                          Enforce Mode Profiles Count Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                          Complain Mode Profiles Count Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                          Processes With Profiles Count Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                          Enforce Mode Processes Count Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                          Complain Mode Processes Count Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                          Unconfined Processes With Profiles Count Int Does not exist No Value


                                                                          Show Rule Result XML
                                                                          <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.7.1.3_Ensure_all_AppArmor_Profiles_are_in_enforce_or_complain_mode"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.496Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806905"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806905">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806905"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Linux Custom Object "AppArmor has loaded profiles"</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Apparmorstatus Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Loaded Profiles Count</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Enforce Mode Profiles Count</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Complain Mode Profiles Count</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Processes With Profiles Count</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Enforce Mode Processes Count</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Complain Mode Processes Count</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Unconfined Processes With Profiles Count</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806910"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806910">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806910"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Linux Custom Object "No AppArmor Processes Are Unconfined"</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Apparmorstatus Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Loaded Profiles Count</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Enforce Mode Profiles Count</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Complain Mode Profiles Count</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Processes With Profiles Count</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Enforce Mode Processes Count</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Complain Mode Processes Count</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Unconfined Processes With Profiles Count</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                          References:

                                                                            CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                            • Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
                                                                              CIS Control Information
                                                                              Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these critical assets based on an approved classification.
                                                                              Subcontrol: 14.6
                                                                              Label: Protect Information through Access Control Lists
                                                                              Description: Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims, application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities.

                                                                            Back to Summary

                                                                            1.8 Warning Banners

                                                                            Presenting a warning message prior to the normal user login may assist in the prosecution of trespassers on the computer system. Changing some of these login banners also has the side effect of hiding OS version information and other detailed system information from attackers attempting to target specific exploits at a system.

                                                                            Guidelines published by the US Department of Defense require that warning messages include at least the name of the organization that owns the system, the fact that the system is subject to monitoring and that such monitoring is in compliance with local statutes, and that use of the system implies consent to such monitoring. It is important that the organization's legal counsel review the content of all messages before any system modifications are made, as these warning messages are inherently site-specific. More information (including citations of relevant case law) can be found at http://www.justice.gov/criminal/cybercrime/

                                                                            Note: The text provided in the remediation actions for these items is intended as an example only. Please edit to include the specific text for your organization as approved by your legal department.

                                                                            1.8.1 Command Line Warning Banners

                                                                            The /etc/motd , /etc/issue , and /etc/issue.net files govern warning banners for standard command line logins for both local and remote users.

                                                                            Pass

                                                                            1.8.1.1 Ensure message of the day is configured properly

                                                                            Description:

                                                                            The contents of the /etc/motd file are displayed to users after login and function as a message of the day for authenticated users.

                                                                            Unix-based systems have typically displayed information about the OS release and patch level upon logging in to the system. This information can be useful to developers who are developing software for a particular OS platform. If mingetty(8) supports the following options, they display operating system information: \m - machine architecture \r - operating system release \s - operating system name \v - operating system version

                                                                            Warning messages inform users who are attempting to login to the system of their legal status regarding the system and must include the name of the organization that owns the system and any monitoring policies that are in place. Displaying OS and patch level information in login banners also has the side effect of providing detailed system information to attackers attempting to target specific exploits of a system. Authorized users can easily get this information by running the " uname -a " command once they have logged in.

                                                                            Edit the /etc/motd file with the appropriate contents according to your site policy, remove any instances of \m , \r , \s , \v or references to the OS platform

                                                                            OR

                                                                            If the motd is not used, this file can be removed.

                                                                            Run the following command to remove the motd file:

                                                                            # rm /etc/motd

                                                                            Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                            Complex Check
                                                                            AND
                                                                            Script: sce/wbmotd.sh
                                                                            Result: Pass
                                                                            Exit Value: 101
                                                                            Output:
                                                                            • Warning Banner "/etc/motd" passed
                                                                            No error lines were collected.


                                                                            Show Rule Result XML
                                                                            <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.1.1_Ensure_message_of_the_day_is_configured_properly"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.496Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/wbmotd.sh"/>
         <xccdf:check-content>
            <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/wbmotd.sh"
                            href="sce/wbmotd.sh"
                            xccdf="pass"
                            exit-value="101">
               <out>
                  <l>Warning Banner "/etc/motd" passed</l>
               </out>
               <err/>
               <env/>
            </command_result>
         </xccdf:check-content>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="sce">
               <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                        <td>sce/wbmotd.sh</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                        <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                        <td>101</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                        <td>
                           <ul class="unstyled">
                              <li>Warning Banner "/etc/motd" passed</li>
                           </ul>
                        </td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                            References:

                                                                              CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                              • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                                                                CIS Control Information
                                                                                Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                                                                Subcontrol: 5.1
                                                                                Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                                                                Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                                                              Back to Summary
                                                                              Fail

                                                                              1.8.1.2 Ensure local login warning banner is configured properly

                                                                              Description:

                                                                              The contents of the /etc/issue file are displayed to users prior to login for local terminals.

                                                                              Unix-based systems have typically displayed information about the OS release and patch level upon logging in to the system. This information can be useful to developers who are developing software for a particular OS platform. If mingetty(8) supports the following options, they display operating system information: \m - machine architecture \r - operating system release \s - operating system name \v - operating system version - or the operating system's name

                                                                              Warning messages inform users who are attempting to login to the system of their legal status regarding the system and must include the name of the organization that owns the system and any monitoring policies that are in place. Displaying OS and patch level information in login banners also has the side effect of providing detailed system information to attackers attempting to target specific exploits of a system. Authorized users can easily get this information by running the " uname -a " command once they have logged in.

                                                                              Edit the /etc/issue file with the appropriate contents according to your site policy, remove any instances of \m , \r , \s , \v or references to the OS platform

                                                                              # echo "Authorized uses only. All activity may be monitored and reported." > /etc/issue

                                                                              Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                              Complex Check
                                                                              AND
                                                                              Script: sce/wbissue.sh
                                                                              Result: Fail
                                                                              Exit Value: 102
                                                                              Output:
                                                                              • Warning Banner contains:
                                                                              No error lines were collected.


                                                                              Show Rule Result XML
                                                                              <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.1.2_Ensure_local_login_warning_banner_is_configured_properly"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.496Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/wbissue.sh"/>
         <xccdf:check-content>
            <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/wbissue.sh"
                            href="sce/wbissue.sh"
                            xccdf="fail"
                            exit-value="102">
               <out>
                  <l>Warning Banner contains: </l>
               </out>
               <err/>
               <env/>
            </command_result>
         </xccdf:check-content>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="sce">
               <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                        <td>sce/wbissue.sh</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                        <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                        <td>102</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                        <td>
                           <ul class="unstyled">
                              <li>Warning Banner contains: </li>
                           </ul>
                        </td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                              References:

                                                                                CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                                                                  CIS Control Information
                                                                                  Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                                                                  Subcontrol: 5.1
                                                                                  Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                                                                  Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                                                                Back to Summary
                                                                                Fail

                                                                                1.8.1.3 Ensure remote login warning banner is configured properly

                                                                                Description:

                                                                                The contents of the /etc/issue.net file are displayed to users prior to login for remote connections from configured services.

                                                                                Unix-based systems have typically displayed information about the OS release and patch level upon logging in to the system. This information can be useful to developers who are developing software for a particular OS platform. If mingetty(8) supports the following options, they display operating system information: \m - machine architecture \r - operating system release \s - operating system name \v - operating system version

                                                                                Warning messages inform users who are attempting to login to the system of their legal status regarding the system and must include the name of the organization that owns the system and any monitoring policies that are in place. Displaying OS and patch level information in login banners also has the side effect of providing detailed system information to attackers attempting to target specific exploits of a system. Authorized users can easily get this information by running the " uname -a " command once they have logged in.

                                                                                Edit the /etc/issue.net file with the appropriate contents according to your site policy, remove any instances of \m , \r , \s , \v or references to the OS platform

                                                                                # echo "Authorized uses only. All activity may be monitored and reported." > /etc/issue.net

                                                                                Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                Complex Check
                                                                                AND
                                                                                Script: sce/wbissue.net.sh
                                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                                Exit Value: 102
                                                                                Output:
                                                                                • Warning Banner contains:
                                                                                No error lines were collected.


                                                                                Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.1.3_Ensure_remote_login_warning_banner_is_configured_properly"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.496Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/wbissue.net.sh"/>
         <xccdf:check-content>
            <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/wbissue.net.sh"
                            href="sce/wbissue.net.sh"
                            xccdf="fail"
                            exit-value="102">
               <out>
                  <l>Warning Banner contains: </l>
               </out>
               <err/>
               <env/>
            </command_result>
         </xccdf:check-content>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="sce">
               <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                        <td>sce/wbissue.net.sh</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                        <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                        <td>102</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                        <td>
                           <ul class="unstyled">
                              <li>Warning Banner contains: </li>
                           </ul>
                        </td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                References:

                                                                                  CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                  • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                                                                    CIS Control Information
                                                                                    Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                                                                    Subcontrol: 5.1
                                                                                    Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                                                                    Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                                                                  Back to Summary
                                                                                  Pass

                                                                                  1.8.1.4 Ensure permissions on /etc/motd are configured

                                                                                  Description:

                                                                                  The contents of the /etc/motd file are displayed to users after login and function as a message of the day for authenticated users.

                                                                                  If the /etc/motd file does not have the correct ownership it could be modified by unauthorized users with incorrect or misleading information.

                                                                                  Run the following commands to set permissions on /etc/motd :

                                                                                  # chown root:root /etc/motd # chmod u-x,go-wx /etc/motd

                                                                                  Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                  Complex Check
                                                                                  OR
                                                                                  Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/motd exists and is owned by 0:0 and has permissions rw-r--r-- and does not have permissions --x-wx-wx SUID SGID sticky
                                                                                  Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                  Item Check: All
                                                                                  Result: Fail
                                                                                  No matching system items were found.
                                                                                  Criterion: Ensure no file named /etc/motd exists and unknown test
                                                                                  Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                  Item Check: All
                                                                                  Result: Pass
                                                                                  No matching system items were found.


                                                                                  Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                  <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.1.4_Ensure_permissions_on_etcmotd_are_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.496Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806915"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806915">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806915"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/motd exists and is owned by 0:0 and has permissions rw-r--r-- and does not have permissions --x-wx-wx SUID SGID sticky</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806923"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806923">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806923"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure no file named /etc/motd exists and unknown test</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                  References:

                                                                                    CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                    • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                                                                      CIS Control Information
                                                                                      Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                                                                      Subcontrol: 5.1
                                                                                      Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                                                                      Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                                                                    Back to Summary
                                                                                    Pass

                                                                                    1.8.1.5 Ensure permissions on /etc/issue are configured

                                                                                    Description:

                                                                                    The contents of the /etc/issue file are displayed to users prior to login for local terminals.

                                                                                    If the /etc/issue file does not have the correct ownership it could be modified by unauthorized users with incorrect or misleading information.

                                                                                    Run the following commands to set permissions on /etc/issue :

                                                                                    # chown root:root /etc/issue # chmod u-x,go-wx /etc/issue

                                                                                    Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                    Complex Check
                                                                                    AND
                                                                                    Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/issue exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions --x-wx-wx SUID SGID sticky
                                                                                    Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                    Item Check: All
                                                                                    Result: Pass
                                                                                    File Item
                                                                                    Name Type Status Value
                                                                                    Filepath String Exists /etc/issue
                                                                                    Path String Exists /etc
                                                                                    Filename String Exists issue
                                                                                    Type String Exists regular
                                                                                    Group Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                    User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                    A Time Int Exists 1597345187
                                                                                    C Time Int Exists 1626829982
                                                                                    M Time Int Exists 1597345187
                                                                                    Size Int Exists 26
                                                                                    Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                    Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                    Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                    Uread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                    Uwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                    Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                    Gread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                    Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                    Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                    Oread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                    Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                    Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                    Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value


                                                                                    Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                    <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.1.5_Ensure_permissions_on_etcissue_are_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.497Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806931"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806931">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806931"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/issue exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions --x-wx-wx SUID SGID sticky</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc/issue</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>issue</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1597345187</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626829982</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1597345187</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>26</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                    References:

                                                                                      CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                      • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                                                                        CIS Control Information
                                                                                        Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                                                                        Subcontrol: 5.1
                                                                                        Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                                                                        Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                                                                      Back to Summary
                                                                                      Pass

                                                                                      1.8.1.6 Ensure permissions on /etc/issue.net are configured

                                                                                      Description:

                                                                                      The contents of the /etc/issue.net file are displayed to users prior to login for remote connections from configured services.

                                                                                      If the /etc/issue.net file does not have the correct ownership it could be modified by unauthorized users with incorrect or misleading information.

                                                                                      Run the following commands to set permissions on /etc/issue.net :

                                                                                      # chown root:root /etc/issue.net # chmod u-x,go-wx /etc/issue.net

                                                                                      Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                      Complex Check
                                                                                      AND
                                                                                      Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/issue.net exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions --x-wx-wx SUID SGID sticky
                                                                                      Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                      Item Check: All
                                                                                      Result: Pass
                                                                                      File Item
                                                                                      Name Type Status Value
                                                                                      Filepath String Exists /etc/issue.net
                                                                                      Path String Exists /etc
                                                                                      Filename String Exists issue.net
                                                                                      Type String Exists regular
                                                                                      Group Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                      User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                      A Time Int Exists 1597345187
                                                                                      C Time Int Exists 1626829982
                                                                                      M Time Int Exists 1597345187
                                                                                      Size Int Exists 19
                                                                                      Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                      Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                      Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                      Uread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                      Uwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                      Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                      Gread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                      Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                      Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                      Oread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                      Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                      Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                      Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value


                                                                                      Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                      <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.1.6_Ensure_permissions_on_etcissue.net_are_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.497Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806946"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806946">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806946"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/issue.net exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions --x-wx-wx SUID SGID sticky</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc/issue.net</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>issue.net</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1597345187</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626829982</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1597345187</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>19</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                      References:

                                                                                        CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                        • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                                                                          CIS Control Information
                                                                                          Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                                                                          Subcontrol: 5.1
                                                                                          Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                                                                          Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                                                                        Back to Summary
                                                                                        Pass

                                                                                        1.8.2 Ensure GDM login banner is configured

                                                                                        Description:

                                                                                        GDM is the GNOME Display Manager which handles graphical login for GNOME based systems.

                                                                                        Warning messages inform users who are attempting to login to the system of their legal status regarding the system and must include the name of the organization that owns the system and any monitoring policies that are in place.

                                                                                        Edit or create the file /etc/gdm3/greeter.dconf-defaults and add the following:

                                                                                        [org/gnome/login-screen]

                                                                                        banner-message-enable=true

                                                                                        banner-message-text='Authorized uses only. All activity may be monitored and reported.'

                                                                                        Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                        Complex Check
                                                                                        OR
                                                                                        Complex Check
                                                                                        AND
                                                                                        Complex Check
                                                                                        AND
                                                                                        Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/gdm3/greeter.dconf-defaults exists and matches pattern ^\s*\[org\/gnome\/login-screen\]\s*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                                                        Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                        Item Check: All
                                                                                        Result: Fail
                                                                                        No matching system items were found.
                                                                                        Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/gdm3/greeter.dconf-defaults exists and matches pattern ^\s*banner-message-enable\s*=\s*true\s*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                                                        Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                        Item Check: All
                                                                                        Result: Fail
                                                                                        No matching system items were found.
                                                                                        Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/gdm3/greeter.dconf-defaults exists and matches pattern ^\s*banner-message-text\s*=\s*'.+'\s*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                                                        Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                        Item Check: All
                                                                                        Result: Fail
                                                                                        No matching system items were found.
                                                                                        Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'gdm3' is not installed
                                                                                        Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                        Item Check: All
                                                                                        Result: Pass
                                                                                        No matching system items were found.


                                                                                        Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                        <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.8.2_Ensure_GDM_login_banner_is_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.497Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
         <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
            <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                         negate="false"
                         multi-check="false">
               <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                        name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806674"/>
               <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                  <div class="definition"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806674">
                     <div class="criteria">
                        <div class="criterion"
                             id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806674"
                             check="all"
                             check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                           <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                    <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/gdm3/greeter.dconf-defaults exists and matches pattern ^\s*\[org\/gnome\/login-screen\]\s*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                    <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                    <td>All</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                    <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                              </tr>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </evidence>
            </xccdf:check>
            <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                         negate="false"
                         multi-check="false">
               <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                        name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806680"/>
               <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                  <div class="definition"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806680">
                     <div class="criteria">
                        <div class="criterion"
                             id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806680"
                             check="all"
                             check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                           <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                    <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/gdm3/greeter.dconf-defaults exists and matches pattern ^\s*banner-message-enable\s*=\s*true\s*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                    <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                    <td>All</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                    <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                              </tr>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </evidence>
            </xccdf:check>
         </xccdf:complex-check>
         <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                     name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806686"/>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="definition"
                    id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806686">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806686"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/gdm3/greeter.dconf-defaults exists and matches pattern ^\s*banner-message-text\s*=\s*'.+'\s*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
      </xccdf:complex-check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806690"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806690">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806690"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'gdm3' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                        References:

                                                                                          CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                          • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                                                                            CIS Control Information
                                                                                            Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                                                                            Subcontrol: 5.1
                                                                                            Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                                                                            Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                                                                          Back to Summary
                                                                                          Manual

                                                                                          1.9 Ensure updates, patches, and additional security software are installed

                                                                                          Description:

                                                                                          Periodically patches are released for included software either due to security flaws or to include additional functionality.

                                                                                          Newer patches may contain security enhancements that would not be available through the latest full update. As a result, it is recommended that the latest software patches be used to take advantage of the latest functionality. As with any software installation, organizations need to determine if a given update meets their requirements and verify the compatibility and supportability of any additional software against the update revision that is selected.

                                                                                          Use your package manager to update all packages on the system according to site policy.

                                                                                          Run the following command to update all packages following local site policy guidance on applying updates and patches:

                                                                                          # apt upgrade

                                                                                          OR

                                                                                          # apt dist-upgrade



                                                                                          Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                          <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_1.9_Ensure_updates_patches_and_additional_security_software_are_installed"
                   role="unscored"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.497Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="0.0">
   <xccdf:result>notchecked</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/3/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/3/subcontrol/5"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                          References:

                                                                                            CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                            • Control 3: Continuous Vulnerability Management: -- More
                                                                                              CIS Control Information
                                                                                              Control: Continuously acquire, assess, and take action on new information in order to identify vulnerabilities, remediate, and minimize the window of opportunity for attackers.
                                                                                              Subcontrol: 3.4
                                                                                              Label: Deploy Automated Operating System Patch Management Tools
                                                                                              Description: Deploy automated software update tools in order to ensure that the operating systems are running the most recent security updates provided by the software vendor.
                                                                                            • Control 3: Continuous Vulnerability Management: -- More
                                                                                              CIS Control Information
                                                                                              Control: Continuously acquire, assess, and take action on new information in order to identify vulnerabilities, remediate, and minimize the window of opportunity for attackers.
                                                                                              Subcontrol: 3.5
                                                                                              Label: Deploy Automated Software Patch Management Tools
                                                                                              Description: Deploy automated software update tools in order to ensure that third-party software on all systems is running the most recent security updates provided by the software vendor.

                                                                                            Back to Summary

                                                                                            2 Services

                                                                                            While applying system updates and patches helps correct known vulnerabilities, one of the best ways to protect the system against as yet unreported vulnerabilities is to disable all services that are not required for normal system operation. This prevents the exploitation of vulnerabilities discovered at a later date. If a service is not enabled, it cannot be exploited. The actions in this section of the document provide guidance on some services which can be safely disabled and under which circumstances, greatly reducing the number of possible threats to the resulting system. Additionally some services which should remain enabled but with secure configuration are covered as well as insecure service clients.

                                                                                            2.1 inetd Services

                                                                                            inetd is a super-server daemon that provides internet services and passes connections to configured services. While not commonly used inetd and any unneeded inetd based services should be disabled if possible.

                                                                                            Pass

                                                                                            2.1.1 Ensure xinetd is not installed

                                                                                            Description:

                                                                                            The eXtended InterNET Daemon ( xinetd ) is an open source super daemon that replaced the original inetd daemon. The xinetd daemon listens for well known services and dispatches the appropriate daemon to properly respond to service requests.

                                                                                            If there are no xinetd services required, it is recommended that the package be removed.

                                                                                            Run the following commands to remove xinetd :

                                                                                            # apt purge xinetd

                                                                                            Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                            Complex Check
                                                                                            AND
                                                                                            Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'xinetd' is not installed
                                                                                            Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                            Result: Pass
                                                                                            No matching system items were found.


                                                                                            Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                            <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.1.1_Ensure_xinetd_is_not_installed"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.497Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806692"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806692">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806692"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'xinetd' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                            References:

                                                                                              CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                              • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                CIS Control Information
                                                                                                Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                Subcontrol: 9.2
                                                                                                Label: Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running
                                                                                                Description: Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with validated business needs are running on each system.

                                                                                              Back to Summary
                                                                                              Pass

                                                                                              2.1.2 Ensure openbsd-inetd is not installed

                                                                                              Description:

                                                                                              The inetd daemon listens for well known services and dispatches the appropriate daemon to properly respond to service requests.

                                                                                              If there are no inetd services required, it is recommended that the daemon be removed.

                                                                                              Run the following command to uninstall openbsd-inetd :

                                                                                              apt-get remove openbsd-inetd

                                                                                              Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                              Complex Check
                                                                                              AND
                                                                                              Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'openbsd-inetd' is not installed
                                                                                              Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                              Item Check: All
                                                                                              Result: Pass
                                                                                              No matching system items were found.


                                                                                              Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                              <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.1.2_Ensure_openbsd-inetd_is_not_installed"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.497Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806695"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806695">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806695"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'openbsd-inetd' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                              References:

                                                                                                CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                  CIS Control Information
                                                                                                  Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                  Subcontrol: 9.2
                                                                                                  Label: Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running
                                                                                                  Description: Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with validated business needs are running on each system.

                                                                                                Back to Summary

                                                                                                2.2 Special Purpose Services

                                                                                                This section describes services that are installed on systems that specifically need to run these services. If any of these services are not required, it is recommended that they be disabled or deleted from the system to reduce the potential attack surface.

                                                                                                2.2.1 Time Synchronization

                                                                                                It is recommended that physical systems and virtual guests lacking direct access to the physical host's clock be configured to synchronize their time using a service such as systemd-timesyncd, chrony, or ntp.

                                                                                                If access to a physical host's clock is available and configured according to site policy, this section can be skipped.

                                                                                                Pass

                                                                                                2.2.1.1 Ensure time synchronization is in use

                                                                                                Description:

                                                                                                System time should be synchronized between all systems in an environment. This is typically done by establishing an authoritative time server or set of servers and having all systems synchronize their clocks to them.

                                                                                                Time synchronization is important to support time sensitive security mechanisms like Kerberos and also ensures log files have consistent time records across the enterprise, which aids in forensic investigations.

                                                                                                On systems where host based time synchronization is not available, configure systemd-timesyncd. If "full featured" and/or encrypted time synchronization is required, install chrony or NTP.

                                                                                                To install chrony:

                                                                                                # atp install chrony

                                                                                                To install ntp:

                                                                                                # apt install ntp

                                                                                                On virtual systems where host based time synchronization is available consult your virtualization software documentation and setup host based synchronization.

                                                                                                Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                Complex Check
                                                                                                OR
                                                                                                Complex Check
                                                                                                OR
                                                                                                Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'ntp' is installed
                                                                                                Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                                                No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'chrony' is installed
                                                                                                Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                                                No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                Criterion: Ensure standard service 'systemd-timesyncd' is enabled
                                                                                                Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                Result: Pass
                                                                                                Systemdunitproperty Item
                                                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                Unit String Exists systemd-timesyncd
                                                                                                Property String Exists UnitFileState
                                                                                                Value String Exists enabled


                                                                                                Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.1.1_Ensure_time_synchronization_is_in_use"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.497Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
         <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                     name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806938"/>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="definition"
                    id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806938">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806938"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure package name equals 'ntp' is installed</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
         <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                     name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806943"/>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="definition"
                    id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806943">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806943"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure package name equals 'chrony' is installed</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
      </xccdf:complex-check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806950"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806950">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806950"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure standard service 'systemd-timesyncd' is enabled</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Unit</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>systemd-timesyncd</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Property</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>UnitFileState</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>enabled</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                References:

                                                                                                  CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                  • Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
                                                                                                    CIS Control Information
                                                                                                    Control: Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand, or recover from an attack.
                                                                                                    Subcontrol: 6.1
                                                                                                    Label: Utilize Three Synchronized Time Sources
                                                                                                    Description: Use at least three synchronized time sources from which all servers and network devices retrieve time information on a regular basis so that timestamps in logs are consistent.

                                                                                                  Back to Summary
                                                                                                  Manual

                                                                                                  2.2.1.2 Ensure systemd-timesyncd is configured

                                                                                                  Description:

                                                                                                  systemd-timesyncd is a daemon that has been added for synchronizing the system clock across the network. It implements an SNTP client. In contrast to NTP implementations such as chrony or the NTP reference server this only implements a client side, and does not bother with the full NTP complexity, focusing only on querying time from one remote server and synchronizing the local clock to it. The daemon runs with minimal privileges, and has been hooked up with networkd to only operate when network connectivity is available. The daemon saves the current clock to disk every time a new NTP sync has been acquired, and uses this to possibly correct the system clock early at bootup, in order to accommodate for systems that lack an RTC such as the Raspberry Pi and embedded devices, and make sure that time monotonically progresses on these systems, even if it is not always correct. To make use of this daemon a new system user and group "systemd-timesync" needs to be created on installation of systemd.

                                                                                                  Note: The systemd-timesyncd service specifically implements only SNTP. This minimalistic service will set the system clock for large offsets or slowly adjust it for smaller deltas. More complex use cases are not covered by systemd-timesyncd.

                                                                                                  This recommendation only applies if timesyncd is in use on the system.

                                                                                                  Proper configuration is vital to ensuring time synchronization is working properly.

                                                                                                  Run the following command to enable systemd-timesyncd

                                                                                                  # systemctl enable systemd-timesyncd.service

                                                                                                  edit the file /etc/systemd/timesyncd.conf and add/modify the following lines in accordance with local site policy

                                                                                                  NTP=0.ubuntu.pool.ntp.org 1.ubuntu.pool.ntp.org 2.ubuntu.pool.ntp.org



                                                                                                  FallbackNTP=ntp.ubuntu.com 3.ubuntu.pool.ntp.org



                                                                                                  RootDistanceMaxSec=1

                                                                                                  Run the following commands to start systemd-timesyncd.service

                                                                                                  # systemctl start systemd-timesyncd.service # timedatectl set-ntp true



                                                                                                  Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                  <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.1.2_Ensure_systemd-timesyncd_is_configured"
                   role="unscored"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.497Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="0.0">
   <xccdf:result>notchecked</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                  References:

                                                                                                    CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                    • Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
                                                                                                      CIS Control Information
                                                                                                      Control: Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand, or recover from an attack.
                                                                                                      Subcontrol: 6.1
                                                                                                      Label: Utilize Three Synchronized Time Sources
                                                                                                      Description: Use at least three synchronized time sources from which all servers and network devices retrieve time information on a regular basis so that timestamps in logs are consistent.

                                                                                                    Back to Summary
                                                                                                    Pass

                                                                                                    2.2.1.3 Ensure chrony is configured

                                                                                                    Description:

                                                                                                    chrony is a daemon which implements the Network Time Protocol (NTP) is designed to synchronize system clocks across a variety of systems and use a source that is highly accurate. More information on chrony can be found at http://chrony.tuxfamily.org/ . chrony can be configured to be a client and/or a server.

                                                                                                    If chrony is in use on the system proper configuration is vital to ensuring time synchronization is working properly.

                                                                                                    This recommendation only applies if chrony is in use on the system.

                                                                                                    Add or edit server or pool lines to /etc/chrony.conf as appropriate:

                                                                                                    server <remote-server>

                                                                                                    Configure chrony to run as the chrony user by configuring the appropriate startup script for your distribution. Startup scripts are typically stored in /etc/init.d or /etc/systemd .

                                                                                                    Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                    Complex Check
                                                                                                    OR
                                                                                                    Complex Check
                                                                                                    AND
                                                                                                    Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/chrony.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*(server|pool)\s+\S+
                                                                                                    Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                    Item Check: All
                                                                                                    Result: Fail
                                                                                                    No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                    Criterion: Linux Custom Object "chronyd is running as chrony user"
                                                                                                    Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                    Item Check: All
                                                                                                    Result: Pass
                                                                                                    No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                    Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'chrony' is not installed
                                                                                                    Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                    Item Check: All
                                                                                                    Result: Pass
                                                                                                    No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                    Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                    <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.1.3_Ensure_chrony_is_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.498Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
         <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                     name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806999"/>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="definition"
                    id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806999">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806999"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/chrony.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*(server|pool)\s+\S+</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
         <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                     name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807004"/>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="definition"
                    id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807004">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807004"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="none_exist">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Linux Custom Object "chronyd is running as chrony user"</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>None Exist</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
      </xccdf:complex-check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807008"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807008">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807008"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'chrony' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                    References:

                                                                                                      CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                      • Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
                                                                                                        CIS Control Information
                                                                                                        Control: Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand, or recover from an attack.
                                                                                                        Subcontrol: 6.1
                                                                                                        Label: Utilize Three Synchronized Time Sources
                                                                                                        Description: Use at least three synchronized time sources from which all servers and network devices retrieve time information on a regular basis so that timestamps in logs are consistent.

                                                                                                      Back to Summary
                                                                                                      Pass

                                                                                                      2.2.1.4 Ensure ntp is configured

                                                                                                      Description:

                                                                                                      ntp is a daemon which implements the Network Time Protocol (NTP). It is designed to synchronize system clocks across a variety of systems and use a source that is highly accurate. More information on NTP can be found at http://www.ntp.org . ntp can be configured to be a client and/or a server.

                                                                                                      This recommendation only applies if ntp is in use on the system.

                                                                                                      If ntp is in use on the system proper configuration is vital to ensuring time synchronization is working properly.

                                                                                                      Add or edit restrict lines in /etc/ntp.conf to match the following:

                                                                                                      restrict -4 default kod nomodify notrap nopeer noquery

                                                                                                      restrict -6 default kod nomodify notrap nopeer noquery

                                                                                                      Add or edit server or pool lines to /etc/ntp.conf as appropriate:

                                                                                                      server <remote-server>

                                                                                                      Configure ntp to run as the ntp user by adding or editing one of the following files as appropriate for your distribution: /etc/sysconfig/ntpd :

                                                                                                      OPTIONS="-u ntp:ntp"

                                                                                                      /etc/sysconfig/ntp :

                                                                                                      NTPD_OPTIONS="-u ntp:ntp"

                                                                                                      /etc/init.d/ntp :

                                                                                                      RUNASUSER=ntp

                                                                                                      Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                      Complex Check
                                                                                                      OR
                                                                                                      Complex Check
                                                                                                      AND
                                                                                                      Complex Check
                                                                                                      AND
                                                                                                      Complex Check
                                                                                                      AND
                                                                                                      Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/ntp.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*restrict\s+(-4\s+)?default(\s*\bkod\b\s*|\s*\bnomodify\b\s*|\s*\bnotrap\b\s*|\s*\bnopeer\b\s*|\s*\bnoquery\b\s*)(\s*\bkod\b\s*|\s*\bnomodify\b\s*|\s*\bnotrap\b\s*|\s*\bnopeer\b\s*
                                                                                                      Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                      Item Check: All
                                                                                                      Result: Fail
                                                                                                      No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                      Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/ntp.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*restrict\s+-6\s+default(\s*\bkod\b\s*|\s*\bnomodify\b\s*|\s*\bnotrap\b\s*|\s*\bnopeer\b\s*|\s*\bnoquery\b\s*)(\s*\bkod\b\s*|\s*\bnomodify\b\s*|\s*\bnotrap\b\s*|\s*\bnopeer\b\s*|\s
                                                                                                      Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                      Item Check: All
                                                                                                      Result: Fail
                                                                                                      No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                      Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/sysconfig/ntpd exists and matches pattern ^\s*NTPD_OPTIONS="[^"]*-u ntp:ntp[^"]*"\s*(?:#.*)?$
                                                                                                      Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                      Item Check: All
                                                                                                      Result: Fail
                                                                                                      No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                      Complex Check
                                                                                                      OR
                                                                                                      Complex Check
                                                                                                      OR
                                                                                                      Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/ntp.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*(server|pool)\s+\S+
                                                                                                      Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                      Item Check: All
                                                                                                      Result: Fail
                                                                                                      No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                      Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/sysconfig/ntpd exists and matches pattern ^\s*OPTIONS="[^"]*-u ntp:ntp[^"]*"\s*(?:#.*)?$
                                                                                                      Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                      Item Check: All
                                                                                                      Result: Fail
                                                                                                      No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                      Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/init.d/ntp exists and matches pattern ^\s*RUNASUSER\s*=\s*ntp\s*(?:#.*)?$
                                                                                                      Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                      Item Check: All
                                                                                                      Result: Fail
                                                                                                      No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                      Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'ntp' is not installed
                                                                                                      Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                      Item Check: All
                                                                                                      Result: Pass
                                                                                                      No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                      Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                      <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.1.4_Ensure_ntp_is_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.498Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
         <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
            <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
               <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                            negate="false"
                            multi-check="false">
                  <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                           name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806957"/>
                  <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                     <div class="definition"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806957">
                        <div class="criteria">
                           <div class="criterion"
                                id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806957"
                                check="all"
                                check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                              <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                                 <tbody class="tbe">
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                       <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/ntp.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*restrict\s+(-4\s+)?default(\s*\bkod\b\s*|\s*\bnomodify\b\s*|\s*\bnotrap\b\s*|\s*\bnopeer\b\s*|\s*\bnoquery\b\s*)(\s*\bkod\b\s*|\s*\bnomodify\b\s*|\s*\bnotrap\b\s*|\s*\bnopeer\b\s*</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                       <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                       <td>All</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                       <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                    </tr>
                                 </tbody>
                              </table>
                              <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </table>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </evidence>
               </xccdf:check>
               <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                            negate="false"
                            multi-check="false">
                  <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                           name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806961"/>
                  <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                     <div class="definition"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806961">
                        <div class="criteria">
                           <div class="criterion"
                                id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806961"
                                check="all"
                                check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                              <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                                 <tbody class="tbe">
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                       <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/ntp.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*restrict\s+-6\s+default(\s*\bkod\b\s*|\s*\bnomodify\b\s*|\s*\bnotrap\b\s*|\s*\bnopeer\b\s*|\s*\bnoquery\b\s*)(\s*\bkod\b\s*|\s*\bnomodify\b\s*|\s*\bnotrap\b\s*|\s*\bnopeer\b\s*|\s</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                       <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                       <td>All</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                       <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                    </tr>
                                 </tbody>
                              </table>
                              <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </table>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </evidence>
               </xccdf:check>
            </xccdf:complex-check>
            <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                         negate="false"
                         multi-check="false">
               <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                        name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806990"/>
               <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                  <div class="definition"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806990">
                     <div class="criteria">
                        <div class="criterion"
                             id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806990"
                             check="all"
                             check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                           <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                    <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/sysconfig/ntpd exists and matches pattern ^\s*NTPD_OPTIONS="[^"]*-u ntp:ntp[^"]*"\s*(?:#.*)?$</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                    <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                    <td>All</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                    <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                              </tr>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </evidence>
            </xccdf:check>
         </xccdf:complex-check>
         <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
            <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
               <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                            negate="false"
                            multi-check="false">
                  <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                           name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806966"/>
                  <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                     <div class="definition"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806966">
                        <div class="criteria">
                           <div class="criterion"
                                id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806966"
                                check="all"
                                check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                              <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                                 <tbody class="tbe">
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                       <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/ntp.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*(server|pool)\s+\S+</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                       <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                       <td>All</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                       <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                    </tr>
                                 </tbody>
                              </table>
                              <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </table>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </evidence>
               </xccdf:check>
               <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                            negate="false"
                            multi-check="false">
                  <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                           name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806973"/>
                  <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                     <div class="definition"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806973">
                        <div class="criteria">
                           <div class="criterion"
                                id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806973"
                                check="all"
                                check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                              <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                                 <tbody class="tbe">
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                       <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/sysconfig/ntpd exists and matches pattern ^\s*OPTIONS="[^"]*-u ntp:ntp[^"]*"\s*(?:#.*)?$</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                       <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                       <td>All</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                       <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                    </tr>
                                 </tbody>
                              </table>
                              <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </table>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </evidence>
               </xccdf:check>
            </xccdf:complex-check>
            <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                         negate="false"
                         multi-check="false">
               <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                        name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806978"/>
               <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                  <div class="definition"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806978">
                     <div class="criteria">
                        <div class="criterion"
                             id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806978"
                             check="all"
                             check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                           <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                    <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/init.d/ntp exists and matches pattern ^\s*RUNASUSER\s*=\s*ntp\s*(?:#.*)?$</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                    <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                    <td>All</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                    <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                              </tr>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </evidence>
            </xccdf:check>
         </xccdf:complex-check>
      </xccdf:complex-check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806984"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806984">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806984"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'ntp' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                      References:

                                                                                                        CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                        • Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
                                                                                                          CIS Control Information
                                                                                                          Control: Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand, or recover from an attack.
                                                                                                          Subcontrol: 6.1
                                                                                                          Label: Utilize Three Synchronized Time Sources
                                                                                                          Description: Use at least three synchronized time sources from which all servers and network devices retrieve time information on a regular basis so that timestamps in logs are consistent.

                                                                                                        Back to Summary
                                                                                                        Pass

                                                                                                        2.2.2 Ensure X Window System is not installed

                                                                                                        Description:

                                                                                                        The X Window System provides a Graphical User Interface (GUI) where users can have multiple windows in which to run programs and various add on. The X Windows system is typically used on workstations where users login, but not on servers where users typically do not login.

                                                                                                        Unless your organization specifically requires graphical login access via X Windows, remove it to reduce the potential attack surface.

                                                                                                        Remove the X Windows System packages:

                                                                                                        apt purge xserver-xorg*

                                                                                                        Impact:

                                                                                                        Many Linux systems run applications which require a Java runtime. Some Linux Java packages have a dependency on specific X Windows xorg-x11-fonts. One workaround to avoid this dependency is to use the "headless" Java packages for your specific Java runtime, if provided by your distribution.

                                                                                                        Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                        Complex Check
                                                                                                        AND
                                                                                                        Criterion: Ensure package name pattern match '^xorg-x11.*' is not installed
                                                                                                        Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                        Item Check: All
                                                                                                        Result: Pass
                                                                                                        No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                        Criterion: Ensure package name pattern match '^xserver-xorg.*' is not installed
                                                                                                        Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                        Item Check: All
                                                                                                        Result: Pass
                                                                                                        No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                        Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                        <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.2_Ensure_X_Window_System_is_not_installed"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.536Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/2/subcontrol/6"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806702"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806702">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806702"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name pattern match '^xorg-x11.*' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806709"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806709">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806709"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name pattern match '^xserver-xorg.*' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                        References:

                                                                                                          CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                          • Control 2: Inventory and Control of Software Assets: -- More
                                                                                                            CIS Control Information
                                                                                                            Control: Actively manage (inventory, track, and correct) all software on the network so that only authorized software is installed and can execute, and that all unauthorized and unmanaged software is found and prevented from installation or execution.
                                                                                                            Subcontrol: 2.6
                                                                                                            Label: Address unapproved software
                                                                                                            Description: Ensure that unauthorized software is either removed or the inventory is updated in a timely manner

                                                                                                          Back to Summary
                                                                                                          Pass

                                                                                                          2.2.3 Ensure Avahi Server is not enabled

                                                                                                          Description:

                                                                                                          Avahi is a free zeroconf implementation, including a system for multicast DNS/DNS-SD service discovery. Avahi allows programs to publish and discover services and hosts running on a local network with no specific configuration. For example, a user can plug a computer into a network and Avahi automatically finds printers to print to, files to look at and people to talk to, as well as network services running on the machine.

                                                                                                          Automatic discovery of network services is not normally required for system functionality. It is recommended to disable the service to reduce the potential attack surface.

                                                                                                          Run the following command to disable avahi-daemon :

                                                                                                          # systemctl --now disable avahi-daemon

                                                                                                          Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                          Complex Check
                                                                                                          AND
                                                                                                          Criterion: Ensure standard service 'avahi-daemon' is disabled
                                                                                                          Existence Check: Any Exist
                                                                                                          Item Check: All
                                                                                                          Result: Pass
                                                                                                          Systemdunitproperty Item
                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                          Unit String Exists avahi-daemon
                                                                                                          Property String Exists UnitFileState
                                                                                                          Value String Exists No Value


                                                                                                          Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                          <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.3_Ensure_Avahi_Server_is_not_enabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.536Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806720"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806720">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806720"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="any_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure standard service 'avahi-daemon' is disabled</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>Any Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Unit</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>avahi-daemon</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Property</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>UnitFileState</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                          References:

                                                                                                            CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                            • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                              CIS Control Information
                                                                                                              Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                              Subcontrol: 9.2
                                                                                                              Label: Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running
                                                                                                              Description: Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with validated business needs are running on each system.

                                                                                                            Back to Summary
                                                                                                            Pass

                                                                                                            2.2.4 Ensure CUPS is not enabled

                                                                                                            Description:

                                                                                                            The Common Unix Print System (CUPS) provides the ability to print to both local and network printers. A system running CUPS can also accept print jobs from remote systems and print them to local printers. It also provides a web based remote administration capability.

                                                                                                            If the system does not need to print jobs or accept print jobs from other systems, it is recommended that CUPS be disabled to reduce the potential attack surface.

                                                                                                            Run one of the following commands to disable cups :

                                                                                                            # systemctl --now disable cups

                                                                                                            Impact:

                                                                                                            Disabling CUPS will prevent printing from the system, a common task for workstation systems.

                                                                                                            Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                            Complex Check
                                                                                                            AND
                                                                                                            Criterion: Ensure standard service 'cups' is disabled
                                                                                                            Existence Check: Any Exist
                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                            Result: Pass
                                                                                                            Systemdunitproperty Item
                                                                                                            Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                            Unit String Exists cups
                                                                                                            Property String Exists UnitFileState
                                                                                                            Value String Exists No Value


                                                                                                            Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                            <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.4_Ensure_CUPS_is_not_enabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.536Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident system="http://cce.mitre.org">More detailed documentation on CUPS is available at the project homepage at http://www.cups.org.</xccdf:ident>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806729"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806729">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806729"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="any_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure standard service 'cups' is disabled</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>Any Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Unit</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>cups</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Property</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>UnitFileState</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                            References:

                                                                                                            CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                            • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                              CIS Control Information
                                                                                                              Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                              Subcontrol: 9.2
                                                                                                              Label: Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running
                                                                                                              Description: Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with validated business needs are running on each system.

                                                                                                            Back to Summary
                                                                                                            Pass

                                                                                                            2.2.5 Ensure DHCP Server is not enabled

                                                                                                            Description:

                                                                                                            The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is a service that allows machines to be dynamically assigned IP addresses.

                                                                                                            Unless a system is specifically set up to act as a DHCP server, it is recommended that this service be deleted to reduce the potential attack surface.

                                                                                                            Run one of the following commands to disable dhcpd :

                                                                                                            # systemctl --now disable isc-dhcp-server # systemctl --now disable isc-dhcp-server6

                                                                                                            Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                            Complex Check
                                                                                                            AND
                                                                                                            Criterion: Ensure standard service 'isc-dhcp-server' is disabled
                                                                                                            Existence Check: Any Exist
                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                            Result: Pass
                                                                                                            Systemdunitproperty Item
                                                                                                            Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                            Unit String Exists isc-dhcp-server
                                                                                                            Property String Exists UnitFileState
                                                                                                            Value String Exists No Value
                                                                                                            Criterion: Ensure standard service 'isc-dhcp-server6' is disabled
                                                                                                            Existence Check: Any Exist
                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                            Result: Pass
                                                                                                            Systemdunitproperty Item
                                                                                                            Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                            Unit String Exists isc-dhcp-server6
                                                                                                            Property String Exists UnitFileState
                                                                                                            Value String Exists No Value


                                                                                                            Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                            <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.5_Ensure_DHCP_Server_is_not_enabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.536Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident system="http://cce.mitre.org">More detailed documentation on DHCP is available at http://www.isc.org/software/dhcp.</xccdf:ident>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806738"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806738">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806738"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="any_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure standard service 'isc-dhcp-server' is disabled</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>Any Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Unit</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>isc-dhcp-server</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Property</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>UnitFileState</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806744"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806744">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806744"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="any_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure standard service 'isc-dhcp-server6' is disabled</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>Any Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Unit</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>isc-dhcp-server6</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Property</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>UnitFileState</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                            References:

                                                                                                            CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                            • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                              CIS Control Information
                                                                                                              Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                              Subcontrol: 9.2
                                                                                                              Label: Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running
                                                                                                              Description: Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with validated business needs are running on each system.

                                                                                                            Back to Summary
                                                                                                            Pass

                                                                                                            2.2.6 Ensure LDAP server is not enabled

                                                                                                            Description:

                                                                                                            The Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) was introduced as a replacement for NIS/YP. It is a service that provides a method for looking up information from a central database.

                                                                                                            If the system will not need to act as an LDAP server, it is recommended that the software be disabled to reduce the potential attack surface.

                                                                                                            Run one of the following commands to disable slapd :

                                                                                                            # systemctl --now disable slapd

                                                                                                            Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                            Complex Check
                                                                                                            AND
                                                                                                            Script: sce/service_chk.sh
                                                                                                            Result: Pass
                                                                                                            Exit Value: 101
                                                                                                            Output:
                                                                                                            • The service: "slapd" is not enabled
                                                                                                            No error lines were collected.


                                                                                                            Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                            <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.6_Ensure_LDAP_server_is_not_enabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.536Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident system="http://cce.mitre.org">For more detailed documentation on OpenLDAP, go to the project homepage at http://www.openldap.org.</xccdf:ident>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_806751_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/service_chk.sh"/>
         <xccdf:check-content>
            <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/service_chk.sh"
                            href="sce/service_chk.sh"
                            xccdf="pass"
                            exit-value="101">
               <out>
                  <l>The service: "slapd" is not enabled</l>
               </out>
               <err/>
               <env/>
            </command_result>
         </xccdf:check-content>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="sce">
               <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                        <td>sce/service_chk.sh</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                        <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                        <td>101</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                        <td>
                           <ul class="unstyled">
                              <li>The service: "slapd" is not enabled</li>
                           </ul>
                        </td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                            References:

                                                                                                            CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                            • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                              CIS Control Information
                                                                                                              Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                              Subcontrol: 9.2
                                                                                                              Label: Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running
                                                                                                              Description: Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with validated business needs are running on each system.

                                                                                                            Back to Summary
                                                                                                            Pass

                                                                                                            2.2.7 Ensure NFS and RPC are not enabled

                                                                                                            Description:

                                                                                                            The Network File System (NFS) is one of the first and most widely distributed file systems in the UNIX environment. It provides the ability for systems to mount file systems of other servers through the network.

                                                                                                            If the system does not export NFS shares or act as an NFS client, it is recommended that these services be disabled to reduce the remote attack surface.

                                                                                                            Run the following commands to disable nfs and rpcbind :

                                                                                                            # systemctl --now disable nfs-server



                                                                                                            # systemctl --now disable rpcbind

                                                                                                            Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                            Complex Check
                                                                                                            AND
                                                                                                            Criterion: Ensure standard service 'nfs-server' is disabled
                                                                                                            Existence Check: Any Exist
                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                            Result: Pass
                                                                                                            Systemdunitproperty Item
                                                                                                            Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                            Unit String Exists nfs-server
                                                                                                            Property String Exists UnitFileState
                                                                                                            Value String Exists No Value
                                                                                                            Criterion: Ensure standard service 'rpcbind' is disabled
                                                                                                            Existence Check: Any Exist
                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                            Result: Pass
                                                                                                            Systemdunitproperty Item
                                                                                                            Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                            Unit String Exists rpcbind
                                                                                                            Property String Exists UnitFileState
                                                                                                            Value String Exists No Value


                                                                                                            Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                            <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.7_Ensure_NFS_and_RPC_are_not_enabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.536Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806759"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806759">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806759"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="any_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure standard service 'nfs-server' is disabled</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>Any Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Unit</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>nfs-server</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Property</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>UnitFileState</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806763"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806763">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806763"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="any_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure standard service 'rpcbind' is disabled</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>Any Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Unit</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>rpcbind</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Property</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>UnitFileState</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                            References:

                                                                                                              CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                              • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                Subcontrol: 9.2
                                                                                                                Label: Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running
                                                                                                                Description: Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with validated business needs are running on each system.

                                                                                                              Back to Summary
                                                                                                              Pass

                                                                                                              2.2.8 Ensure DNS Server is not enabled

                                                                                                              Description:

                                                                                                              The Domain Name System (DNS) is a hierarchical naming system that maps names to IP addresses for computers, services and other resources connected to a network.

                                                                                                              Unless a system is specifically designated to act as a DNS server, it is recommended that the package be deleted to reduce the potential attack surface.

                                                                                                              Run the following commands to disable DNS server :

                                                                                                              # systemctl --now disable bind9

                                                                                                              Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                              Complex Check
                                                                                                              AND
                                                                                                              Criterion: Ensure standard service 'bind9' is disabled
                                                                                                              Existence Check: Any Exist
                                                                                                              Item Check: All
                                                                                                              Result: Pass
                                                                                                              Systemdunitproperty Item
                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                              Unit String Exists bind9
                                                                                                              Property String Exists UnitFileState
                                                                                                              Value String Exists No Value


                                                                                                              Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                              <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.8_Ensure_DNS_Server_is_not_enabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.536Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806771"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806771">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806771"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="any_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure standard service 'bind9' is disabled</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>Any Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Unit</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>bind9</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Property</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>UnitFileState</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                              References:

                                                                                                                CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                  CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                  Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                  Subcontrol: 9.2
                                                                                                                  Label: Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running
                                                                                                                  Description: Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with validated business needs are running on each system.

                                                                                                                Back to Summary
                                                                                                                Pass

                                                                                                                2.2.9 Ensure FTP Server is not enabled

                                                                                                                Description:

                                                                                                                The File Transfer Protocol (FTP) provides networked computers with the ability to transfer files.

                                                                                                                FTP does not protect the confidentiality of data or authentication credentials. It is recommended SFTP be used if file transfer is required. Unless there is a need to run the system as a FTP server (for example, to allow anonymous downloads), it is recommended that the package be deleted to reduce the potential attack surface.

                                                                                                                Run the following command to disable vsftpd :

                                                                                                                # systemctl --now disable vsftpd

                                                                                                                Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                Complex Check
                                                                                                                AND
                                                                                                                Criterion: Ensure standard service 'vsftpd' is disabled
                                                                                                                Existence Check: Any Exist
                                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                                Result: Pass
                                                                                                                Systemdunitproperty Item
                                                                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                Unit String Exists vsftpd
                                                                                                                Property String Exists UnitFileState
                                                                                                                Value String Exists No Value


                                                                                                                Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.9_Ensure_FTP_Server_is_not_enabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.536Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806777"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806777">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806777"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="any_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure standard service 'vsftpd' is disabled</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>Any Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Unit</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>vsftpd</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Property</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>UnitFileState</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                References:

                                                                                                                  CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                  • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                    CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                    Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                    Subcontrol: 9.2
                                                                                                                    Label: Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running
                                                                                                                    Description: Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with validated business needs are running on each system.

                                                                                                                  Back to Summary
                                                                                                                  Fail

                                                                                                                  2.2.10 Ensure HTTP server is not enabled

                                                                                                                  Description:

                                                                                                                  HTTP or web servers provide the ability to host web site content.

                                                                                                                  Unless there is a need to run the system as a web server, it is recommended that the package be deleted to reduce the potential attack surface.

                                                                                                                  Run the following command to disable apache :

                                                                                                                  # systemctl --now disable apache2

                                                                                                                  Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                  Complex Check
                                                                                                                  AND
                                                                                                                  Criterion: Ensure standard service 'apache2' is disabled
                                                                                                                  Existence Check: Any Exist
                                                                                                                  Item Check: All
                                                                                                                  Result: Fail
                                                                                                                  Systemdunitproperty Item
                                                                                                                  Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                  Unit String Exists apache2
                                                                                                                  Property String Exists UnitFileState
                                                                                                                  Value String Exists enabled


                                                                                                                  Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                  <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.10_Ensure_HTTP_server_is_not_enabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.537Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806786"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806786">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806786"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="any_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure standard service 'apache2' is disabled</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>Any Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Unit</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>apache2</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Property</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>UnitFileState</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>enabled</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                  References:

                                                                                                                    CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                    • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                      CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                      Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                      Subcontrol: 9.2
                                                                                                                      Label: Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running
                                                                                                                      Description: Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with validated business needs are running on each system.

                                                                                                                    Back to Summary
                                                                                                                    Pass

                                                                                                                    2.2.11 Ensure email services are not enabled

                                                                                                                    Description:

                                                                                                                    dovecot is an open source mail submission and transport server for Linux based systems.

                                                                                                                    Unless mail transport services are to be provided by this system, it is recommended that the service be disabled or deleted to reduce the potential attack surface.

                                                                                                                    Run one of the following commands to disable dovecot :

                                                                                                                    # systemctl --now disable dovecot

                                                                                                                    Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                    Complex Check
                                                                                                                    AND
                                                                                                                    Criterion: Ensure standard service 'dovecot' is disabled
                                                                                                                    Existence Check: Any Exist
                                                                                                                    Item Check: All
                                                                                                                    Result: Pass
                                                                                                                    Systemdunitproperty Item
                                                                                                                    Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                    Unit String Exists dovecot
                                                                                                                    Property String Exists UnitFileState
                                                                                                                    Value String Exists No Value


                                                                                                                    Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                    <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.11_Ensure_email_services_are_not_enabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.537Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806796"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806796">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806796"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="any_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure standard service 'dovecot' is disabled</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>Any Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Unit</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>dovecot</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Property</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>UnitFileState</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                    References:

                                                                                                                      CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                      • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                        CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                        Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                        Subcontrol: 9.2
                                                                                                                        Label: Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running
                                                                                                                        Description: Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with validated business needs are running on each system.

                                                                                                                      Back to Summary
                                                                                                                      Pass

                                                                                                                      2.2.12 Ensure Samba is not enabled

                                                                                                                      Description:

                                                                                                                      The Samba daemon allows system administrators to configure their Linux systems to share file systems and directories with Windows desktops. Samba will advertise the file systems and directories via the Server Message Block (SMB) protocol. Windows desktop users will be able to mount these directories and file systems as letter drives on their systems.

                                                                                                                      If there is no need to mount directories and file systems to Windows systems, then this service can be deleted to reduce the potential attack surface.

                                                                                                                      Run the following command to disable Samba :

                                                                                                                      # systemctl --now disable smbd

                                                                                                                      Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                      Complex Check
                                                                                                                      AND
                                                                                                                      Criterion: Ensure standard service 'smbd' is disabled
                                                                                                                      Existence Check: Any Exist
                                                                                                                      Item Check: All
                                                                                                                      Result: Pass
                                                                                                                      Systemdunitproperty Item
                                                                                                                      Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                      Unit String Exists smbd
                                                                                                                      Property String Exists UnitFileState
                                                                                                                      Value String Exists No Value


                                                                                                                      Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                      <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.12_Ensure_Samba_is_not_enabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.537Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806806"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806806">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806806"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="any_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure standard service 'smbd' is disabled</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>Any Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Unit</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>smbd</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Property</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>UnitFileState</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                      References:

                                                                                                                        CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                        • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                          CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                          Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                          Subcontrol: 9.2
                                                                                                                          Label: Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running
                                                                                                                          Description: Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with validated business needs are running on each system.

                                                                                                                        Back to Summary
                                                                                                                        Pass

                                                                                                                        2.2.13 Ensure HTTP Proxy Server is not enabled

                                                                                                                        Description:

                                                                                                                        Squid is a standard proxy server used in many distributions and environments.

                                                                                                                        If there is no need for a proxy server, it is recommended that the squid proxy be deleted to reduce the potential attack surface.

                                                                                                                        Run the following command to disable squid :

                                                                                                                        # systemctl --now disable squid

                                                                                                                        Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                        Complex Check
                                                                                                                        AND
                                                                                                                        Script: sce/service_chk.sh
                                                                                                                        Result: Pass
                                                                                                                        Exit Value: 101
                                                                                                                        Output:
                                                                                                                        • The service: "squid" is not enabled
                                                                                                                        No error lines were collected.


                                                                                                                        Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                        <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.13_Ensure_HTTP_Proxy_Server_is_not_enabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.537Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_806815_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/service_chk.sh"/>
         <xccdf:check-content>
            <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/service_chk.sh"
                            href="sce/service_chk.sh"
                            xccdf="pass"
                            exit-value="101">
               <out>
                  <l>The service: "squid" is not enabled</l>
               </out>
               <err/>
               <env/>
            </command_result>
         </xccdf:check-content>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="sce">
               <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                        <td>sce/service_chk.sh</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                        <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                        <td>101</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                        <td>
                           <ul class="unstyled">
                              <li>The service: "squid" is not enabled</li>
                           </ul>
                        </td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                        References:

                                                                                                                          CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                          • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                            CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                            Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                            Subcontrol: 9.2
                                                                                                                            Label: Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running
                                                                                                                            Description: Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with validated business needs are running on each system.

                                                                                                                          Back to Summary
                                                                                                                          Pass

                                                                                                                          2.2.14 Ensure SNMP Server is not enabled

                                                                                                                          Description:

                                                                                                                          The Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) server is used to listen for SNMP commands from an SNMP management system, execute the commands or collect the information and then send results back to the requesting system.

                                                                                                                          The SNMP server can communicate using SNMP v1, which transmits data in the clear and does not require authentication to execute commands. Unless absolutely necessary, it is recommended that the SNMP service not be used. If SNMP is required the server should be configured to disallow SNMP v1.

                                                                                                                          Run the following command to disable snmpd :

                                                                                                                          # systemctl --now disable snmpd

                                                                                                                          Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                          Complex Check
                                                                                                                          AND
                                                                                                                          Criterion: Ensure standard service 'snmpd' is disabled
                                                                                                                          Existence Check: Any Exist
                                                                                                                          Item Check: All
                                                                                                                          Result: Pass
                                                                                                                          Systemdunitproperty Item
                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                          Unit String Exists snmpd
                                                                                                                          Property String Exists UnitFileState
                                                                                                                          Value String Exists No Value


                                                                                                                          Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                          <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.14_Ensure_SNMP_Server_is_not_enabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.537Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806825"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806825">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806825"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="any_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure standard service 'snmpd' is disabled</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>Any Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Unit</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>snmpd</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Property</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>UnitFileState</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                          References:

                                                                                                                            CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                            • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                              CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                              Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                              Subcontrol: 9.2
                                                                                                                              Label: Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running
                                                                                                                              Description: Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with validated business needs are running on each system.

                                                                                                                            Back to Summary
                                                                                                                            Pass

                                                                                                                            2.2.15 Ensure mail transfer agent is configured for local-only mode

                                                                                                                            Description:

                                                                                                                            Mail Transfer Agents (MTA), such as sendmail and Postfix, are used to listen for incoming mail and transfer the messages to the appropriate user or mail server. If the system is not intended to be a mail server, it is recommended that the MTA be configured to only process local mail.

                                                                                                                            The software for all Mail Transfer Agents is complex and most have a long history of security issues. While it is important to ensure that the system can process local mail messages, it is not necessary to have the MTA's daemon listening on a port unless the server is intended to be a mail server that receives and processes mail from other systems.

                                                                                                                            Edit /etc/postfix/main.cf and add the following line to the RECEIVING MAIL section. If the line already exists, change it to look like the line below:

                                                                                                                            inet_interfaces = loopback-only

                                                                                                                            Restart postfix:

                                                                                                                            # systemctl restart postfix

                                                                                                                            Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                            Complex Check
                                                                                                                            AND
                                                                                                                            Criterion: Linux Custom Object "No Servers Listening On Port 25"
                                                                                                                            Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                                            Result: Pass
                                                                                                                            No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                            Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                            <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.15_Ensure_mail_transfer_agent_is_configured_for_local-only_mode"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.537Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806842"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806842">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806842"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Linux Custom Object "No Servers Listening On Port 25"</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                            References:

                                                                                                                              CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                              • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                                CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                                Subcontrol: 9.2
                                                                                                                                Label: Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running
                                                                                                                                Description: Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with validated business needs are running on each system.

                                                                                                                              Back to Summary
                                                                                                                              Pass

                                                                                                                              2.2.16 Ensure rsync service is not enabled

                                                                                                                              Description:

                                                                                                                              The rsyncd service can be used to synchronize files between systems over network links.

                                                                                                                              The rsyncd service presents a security risk as it uses unencrypted protocols for communication.

                                                                                                                              Run the following command to disable rsyncd :

                                                                                                                              # systemctl --now disable rsync

                                                                                                                              Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                              Complex Check
                                                                                                                              AND
                                                                                                                              Criterion: Ensure standard service 'rsyncd' is disabled
                                                                                                                              Existence Check: Any Exist
                                                                                                                              Item Check: All
                                                                                                                              Result: Pass
                                                                                                                              Systemdunitproperty Item
                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                              Unit String Exists rsync
                                                                                                                              Property String Exists UnitFileState
                                                                                                                              Value String Exists No Value


                                                                                                                              Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                              <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.16_Ensure_rsync_service_is_not_enabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.537Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806861"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806861">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806861"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="any_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure standard service 'rsyncd' is disabled</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>Any Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Unit</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>rsync</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Property</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>UnitFileState</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                              References:

                                                                                                                                CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                                  CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                  Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                                  Subcontrol: 9.2
                                                                                                                                  Label: Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running
                                                                                                                                  Description: Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with validated business needs are running on each system.

                                                                                                                                Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                Pass

                                                                                                                                2.2.17 Ensure NIS Server is not enabled

                                                                                                                                Description:

                                                                                                                                The Network Information Service (NIS) (formally known as Yellow Pages) is a client-server directory service protocol for distributing system configuration files. The NIS server is a collection of programs that allow for the distribution of configuration files.

                                                                                                                                The NIS service is inherently an insecure system that has been vulnerable to DOS attacks, buffer overflows and has poor authentication for querying NIS maps. NIS generally has been replaced by such protocols as Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP). It is recommended that the service be disabled and other, more secure services be used

                                                                                                                                Run the following command to disable nis :

                                                                                                                                # systemctl --now disable nis

                                                                                                                                Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                Complex Check
                                                                                                                                AND
                                                                                                                                Script: sce/service_chk.sh
                                                                                                                                Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                Exit Value: 101
                                                                                                                                Output:
                                                                                                                                • The service: "nis" is not enabled
                                                                                                                                No error lines were collected.


                                                                                                                                Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.2.17_Ensure_NIS_Server_is_not_enabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.537Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_806878_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/service_chk.sh"/>
         <xccdf:check-content>
            <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/service_chk.sh"
                            href="sce/service_chk.sh"
                            xccdf="pass"
                            exit-value="101">
               <out>
                  <l>The service: "nis" is not enabled</l>
               </out>
               <err/>
               <env/>
            </command_result>
         </xccdf:check-content>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="sce">
               <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                        <td>sce/service_chk.sh</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                        <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                        <td>101</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                        <td>
                           <ul class="unstyled">
                              <li>The service: "nis" is not enabled</li>
                           </ul>
                        </td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                References:

                                                                                                                                  CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                  • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                                    CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                    Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                                    Subcontrol: 9.2
                                                                                                                                    Label: Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running
                                                                                                                                    Description: Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with validated business needs are running on each system.

                                                                                                                                  Back to Summary

                                                                                                                                  2.3 Service Clients

                                                                                                                                  A number of insecure services exist. While disabling the servers prevents a local attack against these services, it is advised to remove their clients unless they are required.

                                                                                                                                  Note : This should not be considered a comprehensive list of insecure service clients. You may wish to consider additions to those listed here for your environment.

                                                                                                                                  Pass

                                                                                                                                  2.3.1 Ensure NIS Client is not installed

                                                                                                                                  Description:

                                                                                                                                  The Network Information Service (NIS), formerly known as Yellow Pages, is a client-server directory service protocol used to distribute system configuration files. The NIS client was used to bind a machine to an NIS server and receive the distributed configuration files.

                                                                                                                                  The NIS service is inherently an insecure system that has been vulnerable to DOS attacks, buffer overflows and has poor authentication for querying NIS maps. NIS generally has been replaced by such protocols as Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP). It is recommended that the service be removed.

                                                                                                                                  Uninstall nis :

                                                                                                                                  apt purge nis

                                                                                                                                  Impact:

                                                                                                                                  Many insecure service clients are used as troubleshooting tools and in testing environments. Uninstalling them can inhibit capability to test and troubleshoot. If they are required it is advisable to remove the clients after use to prevent accidental or intentional misuse.

                                                                                                                                  Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                  Complex Check
                                                                                                                                  AND
                                                                                                                                  Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'nis' is not installed
                                                                                                                                  Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                  Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                  Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                  No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                  Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                  <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.3.1_Ensure_NIS_Client_is_not_installed"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.538Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/2/subcontrol/6"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806701"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806701">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806701"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'nis' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                  References:

                                                                                                                                    CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                    • Control 2: Inventory and Control of Software Assets: -- More
                                                                                                                                      CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                      Control: Actively manage (inventory, track, and correct) all software on the network so that only authorized software is installed and can execute, and that all unauthorized and unmanaged software is found and prevented from installation or execution.
                                                                                                                                      Subcontrol: 2.6
                                                                                                                                      Label: Address unapproved software
                                                                                                                                      Description: Ensure that unauthorized software is either removed or the inventory is updated in a timely manner

                                                                                                                                    Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                    Pass

                                                                                                                                    2.3.2 Ensure rsh client is not installed

                                                                                                                                    Description:

                                                                                                                                    The rsh package contains the client commands for the rsh services.

                                                                                                                                    These legacy clients contain numerous security exposures and have been replaced with the more secure SSH package. Even if the server is removed, it is best to ensure the clients are also removed to prevent users from inadvertently attempting to use these commands and therefore exposing their credentials. Note that removing the rsh package removes the clients for rsh , rcp and rlogin .

                                                                                                                                    Uninstall rsh :

                                                                                                                                    apt remove rsh-client

                                                                                                                                    Impact:

                                                                                                                                    Many insecure service clients are used as troubleshooting tools and in testing environments. Uninstalling them can inhibit capability to test and troubleshoot. If they are required it is advisable to remove the clients after use to prevent accidental or intentional misuse.

                                                                                                                                    Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                    Complex Check
                                                                                                                                    AND
                                                                                                                                    Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'rsh-client' is not installed
                                                                                                                                    Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                    Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                    Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                    No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                    Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                    <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.3.2_Ensure_rsh_client_is_not_installed"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.538Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/4/subcontrol/5"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806707"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806707">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806707"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'rsh-client' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                    References:

                                                                                                                                      CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                      • Control 4: Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges: -- More
                                                                                                                                        CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                        Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the use, assignment, and configuration of administrative privileges on computers, networks, and applications.
                                                                                                                                        Subcontrol: 4.5
                                                                                                                                        Label: Use Multifactor Authentication For All Administrative Access
                                                                                                                                        Description: Use multi-factor authentication and encrypted channels for all administrative account access.

                                                                                                                                      Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                      Pass

                                                                                                                                      2.3.3 Ensure talk client is not installed

                                                                                                                                      Description:

                                                                                                                                      The talk software makes it possible for users to send and receive messages across systems through a terminal session. The talk client, which allows initialization of talk sessions, is installed by default.

                                                                                                                                      The software presents a security risk as it uses unencrypted protocols for communication.

                                                                                                                                      Uninstall talk :

                                                                                                                                      apt remove talk

                                                                                                                                      Impact:

                                                                                                                                      Many insecure service clients are used as troubleshooting tools and in testing environments. Uninstalling them can inhibit capability to test and troubleshoot. If they are required it is advisable to remove the clients after use to prevent accidental or intentional misuse.

                                                                                                                                      Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                      Complex Check
                                                                                                                                      AND
                                                                                                                                      Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'talk' is not installed
                                                                                                                                      Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                      Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                      Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                      No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                      Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                      <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.3.3_Ensure_talk_client_is_not_installed"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.538Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/2/subcontrol/6"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806712"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806712">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806712"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'talk' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                      References:

                                                                                                                                        CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                        • Control 2: Inventory and Control of Software Assets: -- More
                                                                                                                                          CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                          Control: Actively manage (inventory, track, and correct) all software on the network so that only authorized software is installed and can execute, and that all unauthorized and unmanaged software is found and prevented from installation or execution.
                                                                                                                                          Subcontrol: 2.6
                                                                                                                                          Label: Address unapproved software
                                                                                                                                          Description: Ensure that unauthorized software is either removed or the inventory is updated in a timely manner

                                                                                                                                        Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                        Fail

                                                                                                                                        2.3.4 Ensure telnet client is not installed

                                                                                                                                        Description:

                                                                                                                                        The telnet package contains the telnet client, which allows users to start connections to other systems via the telnet protocol.

                                                                                                                                        The telnet protocol is insecure and unencrypted. The use of an unencrypted transmission medium could allow an unauthorized user to steal credentials. The ssh package provides an encrypted session and stronger security and is included in most Linux distributions.

                                                                                                                                        Uninstall telnet :

                                                                                                                                        # apt purge telnet

                                                                                                                                        Impact:

                                                                                                                                        Many insecure service clients are used as troubleshooting tools and in testing environments. Uninstalling them can inhibit capability to test and troubleshoot. If they are required it is advisable to remove the clients after use to prevent accidental or intentional misuse.

                                                                                                                                        Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                        Complex Check
                                                                                                                                        AND
                                                                                                                                        Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'telnet' is not installed
                                                                                                                                        Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                        Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                        Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                        Dpkginfo Item
                                                                                                                                        Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                        Name String Exists telnet
                                                                                                                                        Arch String Exists amd64
                                                                                                                                        Epoch String Exists (none)
                                                                                                                                        Release String Exists 41
                                                                                                                                        Version String Exists 0.17
                                                                                                                                        Evr Evr String Exists 0:0.17-41


                                                                                                                                        Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                        <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.3.4_Ensure_telnet_client_is_not_installed"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.538Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/4/subcontrol/5"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806717"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806717">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806717"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'telnet' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Name</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>telnet</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Arch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>amd64</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Epoch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>(none)</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Release</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>41</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Version</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0.17</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Evr</td>
                              <td>Evr String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0:0.17-41</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                        References:

                                                                                                                                          CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                          • Control 4: Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges: -- More
                                                                                                                                            CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                            Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the use, assignment, and configuration of administrative privileges on computers, networks, and applications.
                                                                                                                                            Subcontrol: 4.5
                                                                                                                                            Label: Use Multifactor Authentication For All Administrative Access
                                                                                                                                            Description: Use multi-factor authentication and encrypted channels for all administrative account access.

                                                                                                                                          Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                          Pass

                                                                                                                                          2.3.5 Ensure LDAP client is not installed

                                                                                                                                          Description:

                                                                                                                                          The Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) was introduced as a replacement for NIS/YP. It is a service that provides a method for looking up information from a central database.

                                                                                                                                          If the system will not need to act as an LDAP client, it is recommended that the software be removed to reduce the potential attack surface.

                                                                                                                                          Uninstall ldap-utils :

                                                                                                                                          # apt purge ldap-utils

                                                                                                                                          Impact:

                                                                                                                                          Removing the LDAP client will prevent or inhibit using LDAP for authentication in your environment.

                                                                                                                                          Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                          Complex Check
                                                                                                                                          AND
                                                                                                                                          Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'ldap-utils' is not installed
                                                                                                                                          Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                          Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                          Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                          No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                          Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                          <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_2.3.5_Ensure_LDAP_client_is_not_installed"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.538Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/2/subcontrol/6"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806722"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806722">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806722"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'ldap-utils' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                          References:

                                                                                                                                            CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                            • Control 2: Inventory and Control of Software Assets: -- More
                                                                                                                                              CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                              Control: Actively manage (inventory, track, and correct) all software on the network so that only authorized software is installed and can execute, and that all unauthorized and unmanaged software is found and prevented from installation or execution.
                                                                                                                                              Subcontrol: 2.6
                                                                                                                                              Label: Address unapproved software
                                                                                                                                              Description: Ensure that unauthorized software is either removed or the inventory is updated in a timely manner

                                                                                                                                            Back to Summary

                                                                                                                                            3 Network Configuration

                                                                                                                                            This section provides guidance on for securing the network configuration of the system through kernel parameters, access list control, and firewall settings.

                                                                                                                                            3.1 Network Parameters (Host Only)

                                                                                                                                            The following network parameters are intended for use if the system is to act as a host only. A system is considered host only if the system has a single interface, or has multiple interfaces but will not be configured as a router.

                                                                                                                                            Fail

                                                                                                                                            3.1.1 Ensure packet redirect sending is disabled

                                                                                                                                            Description:

                                                                                                                                            ICMP Redirects are used to send routing information to other hosts. As a host itself does not act as a router (in a host only configuration), there is no need to send redirects.

                                                                                                                                            An attacker could use a compromised host to send invalid ICMP redirects to other router devices in an attempt to corrupt routing and have users access a system set up by the attacker as opposed to a valid system.

                                                                                                                                            Set the following parameters in /etc/sysctl.conf or a /etc/sysctl.d/* file:

                                                                                                                                            net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects = 0

                                                                                                                                            net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects = 0

                                                                                                                                            Run the following commands to set the active kernel parameters:

                                                                                                                                            # sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects=0

                                                                                                                                            # sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects=0

                                                                                                                                            # sysctl -w net.ipv4.route.flush=1

                                                                                                                                            Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                            Complex Check
                                                                                                                                            AND
                                                                                                                                            Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                            Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                            Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                            No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                            Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                            Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                            Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                            No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                            Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                            Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                            Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                            No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                            Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                            Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                            Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                            No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                            Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                            Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                            Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                            No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                            Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                            Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                            Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                            No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                            Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                            <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.1.1_Ensure_packet_redirect_sending_is_disabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.538Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:806882"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_806882_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806882"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806882">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8068822"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8068823"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8068821"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.send_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:806885"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_806885_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806885"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806885">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8068852"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8068853"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8068851"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.default.send_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                            References:

                                                                                                                                              CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                              • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                                                                                                                                CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                                                                                                                                Subcontrol: 5.1
                                                                                                                                                Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                                                                                                                                Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                                                                                                                              Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                              Fail

                                                                                                                                              3.1.2 Ensure IP forwarding is disabled

                                                                                                                                              Description:

                                                                                                                                              The net.ipv4.ip_forward and net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding flags are used to tell the system whether it can forward packets or not.

                                                                                                                                              Setting the flags to 0 ensures that a system with multiple interfaces (for example, a hard proxy), will never be able to forward packets, and therefore, never serve as a router.

                                                                                                                                              Run the following commands to restore the default parameters and set the active kernel parameters:

                                                                                                                                              # grep -Els "^\s*net\.ipv4\.ip_forward\s*=\s*1" /etc/sysctl.conf /etc/sysctl.d/*.conf /usr/lib/sysctl.d/*.conf /run/sysctl.d/*.conf | while read filename; do sed -ri "s/^\s*(net\.ipv4\.ip_forward\s*)(=)(\s*\S+\b).*$/# *REMOVED* \1/" $filename; done; sysctl -w net.ipv4.ip_forward=0; sysctl -w net.ipv4.route.flush=1 # grep -Els "^\s*net\.ipv6\.conf\.all\.forwarding\s*=\s*1" /etc/sysctl.conf /etc/sysctl.d/*.conf /usr/lib/sysctl.d/*.conf /run/sysctl.d/*.conf | while read filename; do sed -ri "s/^\s*(net\.ipv6\.conf\.all\.forwarding\s*)(=)(\s*\S+\b).*$/# *REMOVED* \1/" $filename; done; sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.all.forwarding=0; sysctl -w net.ipv6.route.flush=1

                                                                                                                                              Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                              Complex Check
                                                                                                                                              AND
                                                                                                                                              Complex Check
                                                                                                                                              AND
                                                                                                                                              Complex Check
                                                                                                                                              AND
                                                                                                                                              Complex Check
                                                                                                                                              AND
                                                                                                                                              Complex Check
                                                                                                                                              AND
                                                                                                                                              Complex Check
                                                                                                                                              AND
                                                                                                                                              Complex Check
                                                                                                                                              AND
                                                                                                                                              Complex Check
                                                                                                                                              AND
                                                                                                                                              Complex Check
                                                                                                                                              AND
                                                                                                                                              Script: sce/sysctl_running_config.sh
                                                                                                                                              Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                              Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                              Output:
                                                                                                                                              • Missing sysctl parameter.
                                                                                                                                              Errors:
                                                                                                                                              • sysctl: permission denied on key 'fs.protected_fifos'
                                                                                                                                              • sysctl: permission denied on key 'fs.protected_regular'
                                                                                                                                              • sysctl: permission denied on key 'kernel.cad_pid'
                                                                                                                                              • sysctl: permission denied on key 'kernel.unprivileged_userns_apparmor_policy'
                                                                                                                                              • sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.default.stable_secret"
                                                                                                                                              • sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.docker0.stable_secret"
                                                                                                                                              • sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.eth0.stable_secret"
                                                                                                                                              • sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.eth1.stable_secret"
                                                                                                                                              • sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.flannel/1.stable_secret"
                                                                                                                                              • sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.lo.stable_secret"
                                                                                                                                              • sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.veth066e5a72.stable_secret"
                                                                                                                                              • sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.veth5436b6b9.stable_secret"
                                                                                                                                              • sysctl: permission denied on key 'vm.mmap_rnd_bits'
                                                                                                                                              • sysctl: permission denied on key 'vm.mmap_rnd_compat_bits'
                                                                                                                                              • sysctl: permission denied on key 'vm.stat_refresh'
                                                                                                                                              Criterion: Ensure no file named /etc/sysctl.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*net\.ipv4\.ip_forward\s*=\s*1\s*
                                                                                                                                              Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                              Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                              Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                              No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                              Criterion: Ensurefile(s) named ^\S+\.conf$ in /etc/sysctl.d/ exists and matches pattern ^\s*net\.ipv4\.ip_forward\s*=\s*1\s*
                                                                                                                                              Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                              Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                              Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                              No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                              Criterion: Ensurefile(s) named ^\S+\.conf$ in /usr/lib/sysctl.d/ exists and matches pattern ^\s*net\.ipv4\.ip_forward\s*=\s*1\s*
                                                                                                                                              Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                              Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                              Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                              No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                              Criterion: Ensurefile(s) named ^\S+\.conf$ in /run/sysctl.d/ exists and matches pattern ^\s*net\.ipv4\.ip_forward\s*=\s*1\s*
                                                                                                                                              Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                              Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                              Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                              No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                              Script: sce/sysctl_running_config.sh
                                                                                                                                              Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                              Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                              Output:
                                                                                                                                              • Missing sysctl parameter.
                                                                                                                                              Errors:
                                                                                                                                              • sysctl: permission denied on key 'fs.protected_fifos'
                                                                                                                                              • sysctl: permission denied on key 'fs.protected_regular'
                                                                                                                                              • sysctl: permission denied on key 'kernel.cad_pid'
                                                                                                                                              • sysctl: permission denied on key 'kernel.unprivileged_userns_apparmor_policy'
                                                                                                                                              • sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.default.stable_secret"
                                                                                                                                              • sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.docker0.stable_secret"
                                                                                                                                              • sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.eth0.stable_secret"
                                                                                                                                              • sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.eth1.stable_secret"
                                                                                                                                              • sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.flannel/1.stable_secret"
                                                                                                                                              • sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.lo.stable_secret"
                                                                                                                                              • sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.veth066e5a72.stable_secret"
                                                                                                                                              • sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.veth5436b6b9.stable_secret"
                                                                                                                                              • sysctl: permission denied on key 'vm.mmap_rnd_bits'
                                                                                                                                              • sysctl: permission denied on key 'vm.mmap_rnd_compat_bits'
                                                                                                                                              • sysctl: permission denied on key 'vm.stat_refresh'
                                                                                                                                              Criterion: Ensure no file named /etc/sysctl.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*net\.ipv6\.conf\.all\.forwarding\s*=\s*1\s*
                                                                                                                                              Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                              Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                              Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                              No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                              Criterion: Ensurefile(s) named ^\S+\.conf$ in /etc/sysctl.d/ exists and matches pattern ^\s*net\.ipv6\.conf\.all\.forwarding\s*=\s*1\s*
                                                                                                                                              Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                              Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                              Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                              No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                              Criterion: Ensurefile(s) named ^\S+\.conf$ in /usr/lib/sysctl.d/ exists and matches pattern ^\s*net\.ipv6\.conf\.all\.forwarding\s*=\s*1\s*
                                                                                                                                              Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                              Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                              Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                              No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                              Criterion: Ensurefile(s) named ^\S+\.conf$ in /run/sysctl.d/ exists and matches pattern ^\s*net\.ipv6\.conf\.all\.forwarding\s*=\s*1\s*
                                                                                                                                              Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                              Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                              Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                              No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                              Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                              <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.1.2_Ensure_IP_forwarding_is_disabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.541Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
         <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
            <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
               <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
                  <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
                     <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
                        <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
                           <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
                              <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                                           negate="false"
                                           multi-check="false">
                                 <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                                                     value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_806830_var"/>
                                 <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sysctl_running_config.sh"/>
                                 <xccdf:check-content>
                                    <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/sysctl_running_config.sh"
                                                    href="sce/sysctl_running_config.sh"
                                                    xccdf="fail"
                                                    exit-value="102">
                                       <out>
                                          <l>Missing sysctl parameter.</l>
                                       </out>
                                       <err>
                                          <l>sysctl: permission denied on key 'fs.protected_fifos'</l>
                                          <l>sysctl: permission denied on key 'fs.protected_regular'</l>
                                          <l>sysctl: permission denied on key 'kernel.cad_pid'</l>
                                          <l>sysctl: permission denied on key 'kernel.unprivileged_userns_apparmor_policy'</l>
                                          <l>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.default.stable_secret"</l>
                                          <l>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.docker0.stable_secret"</l>
                                          <l>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.eth0.stable_secret"</l>
                                          <l>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.eth1.stable_secret"</l>
                                          <l>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.flannel/1.stable_secret"</l>
                                          <l>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.lo.stable_secret"</l>
                                          <l>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.veth066e5a72.stable_secret"</l>
                                          <l>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.veth5436b6b9.stable_secret"</l>
                                          <l>sysctl: permission denied on key 'vm.mmap_rnd_bits'</l>
                                          <l>sysctl: permission denied on key 'vm.mmap_rnd_compat_bits'</l>
                                          <l>sysctl: permission denied on key 'vm.stat_refresh'</l>
                                       </err>
                                       <env/>
                                    </command_result>
                                 </xccdf:check-content>
                                 <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                                    <div class="sce">
                                       <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                                          <tbody class="tbe">
                                             <tr>
                                                <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                                                <td>sce/sysctl_running_config.sh</td>
                                             </tr>
                                             <tr>
                                                <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                                <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                             </tr>
                                             <tr>
                                                <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                                                <td>102</td>
                                             </tr>
                                          </tbody>
                                       </table>
                                       <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                                          <tbody class="tbe">
                                             <tr>
                                                <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                                                <td>
                                                   <ul class="unstyled">
                                                      <li>Missing sysctl parameter.</li>
                                                   </ul>
                                                </td>
                                             </tr>
                                          </tbody>
                                       </table>
                                       <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                                          <tbody class="tbe">
                                             <tr>
                                                <td class="bold">Errors:</td>
                                                <td>
                                                   <ul>
                                                      <li>sysctl: permission denied on key 'fs.protected_fifos'</li>
                                                      <li>sysctl: permission denied on key 'fs.protected_regular'</li>
                                                      <li>sysctl: permission denied on key 'kernel.cad_pid'</li>
                                                      <li>sysctl: permission denied on key 'kernel.unprivileged_userns_apparmor_policy'</li>
                                                      <li>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.default.stable_secret"</li>
                                                      <li>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.docker0.stable_secret"</li>
                                                      <li>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.eth0.stable_secret"</li>
                                                      <li>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.eth1.stable_secret"</li>
                                                      <li>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.flannel/1.stable_secret"</li>
                                                      <li>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.lo.stable_secret"</li>
                                                      <li>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.veth066e5a72.stable_secret"</li>
                                                      <li>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.veth5436b6b9.stable_secret"</li>
                                                      <li>sysctl: permission denied on key 'vm.mmap_rnd_bits'</li>
                                                      <li>sysctl: permission denied on key 'vm.mmap_rnd_compat_bits'</li>
                                                      <li>sysctl: permission denied on key 'vm.stat_refresh'</li>
                                                   </ul>
                                                </td>
                                             </tr>
                                          </tbody>
                                       </table>
                                    </div>
                                 </evidence>
                              </xccdf:check>
                              <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                                           negate="false"
                                           multi-check="false">
                                 <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                                          name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806834"/>
                                 <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                                    <div class="definition"
                                         id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806834">
                                       <div class="criteria">
                                          <div class="criterion"
                                               id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806834"
                                               check="all"
                                               check_existence="none_exist">
                                             <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                                                <tbody class="tbe">
                                                   <tr>
                                                      <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                                      <td>Ensure no file named /etc/sysctl.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*net\.ipv4\.ip_forward\s*=\s*1\s*</td>
                                                   </tr>
                                                   <tr>
                                                      <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                                      <td>None Exist</td>
                                                   </tr>
                                                   <tr>
                                                      <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                                      <td>All</td>
                                                   </tr>
                                                   <tr>
                                                      <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                                      <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                                                   </tr>
                                                </tbody>
                                             </table>
                                             <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                                                <tr>
                                                   <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                                                </tr>
                                             </table>
                                          </div>
                                       </div>
                                    </div>
                                 </evidence>
                              </xccdf:check>
                           </xccdf:complex-check>
                           <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                                        negate="false"
                                        multi-check="false">
                              <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                                       name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806839"/>
                              <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                                 <div class="definition"
                                      id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806839">
                                    <div class="criteria">
                                       <div class="criterion"
                                            id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806839"
                                            check="all"
                                            check_existence="none_exist">
                                          <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                                             <tbody class="tbe">
                                                <tr>
                                                   <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                                   <td>Ensurefile(s) named ^\S+\.conf$ in /etc/sysctl.d/ exists and matches pattern ^\s*net\.ipv4\.ip_forward\s*=\s*1\s*</td>
                                                </tr>
                                                <tr>
                                                   <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                                   <td>None Exist</td>
                                                </tr>
                                                <tr>
                                                   <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                                   <td>All</td>
                                                </tr>
                                                <tr>
                                                   <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                                   <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                                                </tr>
                                             </tbody>
                                          </table>
                                          <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                                             <tr>
                                                <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                                             </tr>
                                          </table>
                                       </div>
                                    </div>
                                 </div>
                              </evidence>
                           </xccdf:check>
                        </xccdf:complex-check>
                        <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                                     negate="false"
                                     multi-check="false">
                           <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                                    name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806844"/>
                           <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                              <div class="definition"
                                   id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806844">
                                 <div class="criteria">
                                    <div class="criterion"
                                         id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806844"
                                         check="all"
                                         check_existence="none_exist">
                                       <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                                          <tbody class="tbe">
                                             <tr>
                                                <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                                <td>Ensurefile(s) named ^\S+\.conf$ in /usr/lib/sysctl.d/ exists and matches pattern ^\s*net\.ipv4\.ip_forward\s*=\s*1\s*</td>
                                             </tr>
                                             <tr>
                                                <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                                <td>None Exist</td>
                                             </tr>
                                             <tr>
                                                <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                                <td>All</td>
                                             </tr>
                                             <tr>
                                                <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                                <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                                             </tr>
                                          </tbody>
                                       </table>
                                       <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                                          <tr>
                                             <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                                          </tr>
                                       </table>
                                    </div>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </evidence>
                        </xccdf:check>
                     </xccdf:complex-check>
                     <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                                  negate="false"
                                  multi-check="false">
                        <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                                 name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806850"/>
                        <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                           <div class="definition"
                                id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806850">
                              <div class="criteria">
                                 <div class="criterion"
                                      id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806850"
                                      check="all"
                                      check_existence="none_exist">
                                    <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                                       <tbody class="tbe">
                                          <tr>
                                             <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                             <td>Ensurefile(s) named ^\S+\.conf$ in /run/sysctl.d/ exists and matches pattern ^\s*net\.ipv4\.ip_forward\s*=\s*1\s*</td>
                                          </tr>
                                          <tr>
                                             <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                             <td>None Exist</td>
                                          </tr>
                                          <tr>
                                             <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                             <td>All</td>
                                          </tr>
                                          <tr>
                                             <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                             <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                                          </tr>
                                       </tbody>
                                    </table>
                                    <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                                       <tr>
                                          <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                                       </tr>
                                    </table>
                                 </div>
                              </div>
                           </div>
                        </evidence>
                     </xccdf:check>
                  </xccdf:complex-check>
                  <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                               negate="false"
                               multi-check="false">
                     <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                                         value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_806856_var"/>
                     <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sysctl_running_config.sh"/>
                     <xccdf:check-content>
                        <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/sysctl_running_config.sh"
                                        href="sce/sysctl_running_config.sh"
                                        xccdf="fail"
                                        exit-value="102">
                           <out>
                              <l>Missing sysctl parameter.</l>
                           </out>
                           <err>
                              <l>sysctl: permission denied on key 'fs.protected_fifos'</l>
                              <l>sysctl: permission denied on key 'fs.protected_regular'</l>
                              <l>sysctl: permission denied on key 'kernel.cad_pid'</l>
                              <l>sysctl: permission denied on key 'kernel.unprivileged_userns_apparmor_policy'</l>
                              <l>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.default.stable_secret"</l>
                              <l>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.docker0.stable_secret"</l>
                              <l>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.eth0.stable_secret"</l>
                              <l>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.eth1.stable_secret"</l>
                              <l>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.flannel/1.stable_secret"</l>
                              <l>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.lo.stable_secret"</l>
                              <l>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.veth066e5a72.stable_secret"</l>
                              <l>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.veth5436b6b9.stable_secret"</l>
                              <l>sysctl: permission denied on key 'vm.mmap_rnd_bits'</l>
                              <l>sysctl: permission denied on key 'vm.mmap_rnd_compat_bits'</l>
                              <l>sysctl: permission denied on key 'vm.stat_refresh'</l>
                           </err>
                           <env/>
                        </command_result>
                     </xccdf:check-content>
                     <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                        <div class="sce">
                           <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                                    <td>sce/sysctl_running_config.sh</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                    <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                                    <td>102</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                                    <td>
                                       <ul class="unstyled">
                                          <li>Missing sysctl parameter.</li>
                                       </ul>
                                    </td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Errors:</td>
                                    <td>
                                       <ul>
                                          <li>sysctl: permission denied on key 'fs.protected_fifos'</li>
                                          <li>sysctl: permission denied on key 'fs.protected_regular'</li>
                                          <li>sysctl: permission denied on key 'kernel.cad_pid'</li>
                                          <li>sysctl: permission denied on key 'kernel.unprivileged_userns_apparmor_policy'</li>
                                          <li>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.default.stable_secret"</li>
                                          <li>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.docker0.stable_secret"</li>
                                          <li>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.eth0.stable_secret"</li>
                                          <li>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.eth1.stable_secret"</li>
                                          <li>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.flannel/1.stable_secret"</li>
                                          <li>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.lo.stable_secret"</li>
                                          <li>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.veth066e5a72.stable_secret"</li>
                                          <li>sysctl: reading key "net.ipv6.conf.veth5436b6b9.stable_secret"</li>
                                          <li>sysctl: permission denied on key 'vm.mmap_rnd_bits'</li>
                                          <li>sysctl: permission denied on key 'vm.mmap_rnd_compat_bits'</li>
                                          <li>sysctl: permission denied on key 'vm.stat_refresh'</li>
                                       </ul>
                                    </td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                     </evidence>
                  </xccdf:check>
               </xccdf:complex-check>
               <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                            negate="false"
                            multi-check="false">
                  <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                           name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806860"/>
                  <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                     <div class="definition"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806860">
                        <div class="criteria">
                           <div class="criterion"
                                id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806860"
                                check="all"
                                check_existence="none_exist">
                              <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                                 <tbody class="tbe">
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                       <td>Ensure no file named /etc/sysctl.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*net\.ipv6\.conf\.all\.forwarding\s*=\s*1\s*</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                       <td>None Exist</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                       <td>All</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                       <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                                    </tr>
                                 </tbody>
                              </table>
                              <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </table>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </evidence>
               </xccdf:check>
            </xccdf:complex-check>
            <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                         negate="false"
                         multi-check="false">
               <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                        name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806864"/>
               <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                  <div class="definition"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806864">
                     <div class="criteria">
                        <div class="criterion"
                             id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806864"
                             check="all"
                             check_existence="none_exist">
                           <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                    <td>Ensurefile(s) named ^\S+\.conf$ in /etc/sysctl.d/ exists and matches pattern ^\s*net\.ipv6\.conf\.all\.forwarding\s*=\s*1\s*</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                    <td>None Exist</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                    <td>All</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                    <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                              </tr>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </evidence>
            </xccdf:check>
         </xccdf:complex-check>
         <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                     name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806867"/>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="definition"
                    id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806867">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806867"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="none_exist">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensurefile(s) named ^\S+\.conf$ in /usr/lib/sysctl.d/ exists and matches pattern ^\s*net\.ipv6\.conf\.all\.forwarding\s*=\s*1\s*</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>None Exist</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
      </xccdf:complex-check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806874"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806874">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806874"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensurefile(s) named ^\S+\.conf$ in /run/sysctl.d/ exists and matches pattern ^\s*net\.ipv6\.conf\.all\.forwarding\s*=\s*1\s*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                              References:

                                                                                                                                                CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                                                                                                                                  CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                  Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                                                                                                                                  Subcontrol: 5.1
                                                                                                                                                  Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                                                                                                                                  Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                                                                                                                                Back to Summary

                                                                                                                                                3.2 Network Parameters (Host and Router)

                                                                                                                                                The following network parameters are intended for use on both host only and router systems. A system acts as a router if it has at least two interfaces and is configured to perform routing functions.

                                                                                                                                                Fail

                                                                                                                                                3.2.1 Ensure source routed packets are not accepted

                                                                                                                                                Description:

                                                                                                                                                In networking, source routing allows a sender to partially or fully specify the route packets take through a network. In contrast, non-source routed packets travel a path determined by routers in the network. In some cases, systems may not be routable or reachable from some locations (e.g. private addresses vs. Internet routable), and so source routed packets would need to be used.

                                                                                                                                                Setting net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route, net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route, net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_source_route and net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_source_route to 0 disables the system from accepting source routed packets. Assume this system was capable of routing packets to Internet routable addresses on one interface and private addresses on another interface. Assume that the private addresses were not routable to the Internet routable addresses and vice versa. Under normal routing circumstances, an attacker from the Internet routable addresses could not use the system as a way to reach the private address systems. If, however, source routed packets were allowed, they could be used to gain access to the private address systems as the route could be specified, rather than rely on routing protocols that did not allow this routing.

                                                                                                                                                Set the following parameters in /etc/sysctl.conf or a /etc/sysctl.d/* file:

                                                                                                                                                net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route = 0

                                                                                                                                                net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0

                                                                                                                                                net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_source_route = 0

                                                                                                                                                net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0

                                                                                                                                                Run the following commands to set the active kernel parameters:

                                                                                                                                                # sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route=0

                                                                                                                                                # sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route=0

                                                                                                                                                # sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_source_route=0

                                                                                                                                                # sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_source_route=0

                                                                                                                                                # sysctl -w net.ipv4.route.flush=1

                                                                                                                                                # sysctl -w net.ipv6.route.flush=1

                                                                                                                                                Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                AND
                                                                                                                                                Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                AND
                                                                                                                                                Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                AND
                                                                                                                                                Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                                Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                                Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                                Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                                Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                                Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                                Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_source_route' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                                Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_source_route' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                                Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_source_route' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                                Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_source_route' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                                Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_source_route' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                                Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_source_route' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                                Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                Sysctl Item
                                                                                                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                Name String Exists net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_source_route
                                                                                                                                                Value Int Exists 0


                                                                                                                                                Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.1_Ensure_source_routed_packets_are_not_accepted"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.541Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
         <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
            <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                         negate="false"
                         multi-check="false">
               <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:806884"
                                   value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_806884_var"/>
               <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                        name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806884"/>
               <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                  <div class="definition"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806884">
                     <div class="criteria">
                        <div class="criteria">
                           <div class="criterion"
                                id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8068842"
                                check="all"
                                check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                              <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                                 <tbody class="tbe">
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                       <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                       <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                       <td>All</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                       <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                    </tr>
                                 </tbody>
                              </table>
                              <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </table>
                           </div>
                           <div class="criterion"
                                id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8068843"
                                check="all"
                                check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                              <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                                 <tbody class="tbe">
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                       <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                       <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                       <td>All</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                       <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                    </tr>
                                 </tbody>
                              </table>
                              <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </table>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="criterion"
                             id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8068841"
                             check="all"
                             check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                           <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                    <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_source_route' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                    <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                    <td>All</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                    <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                              </tr>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </evidence>
            </xccdf:check>
            <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                         negate="false"
                         multi-check="false">
               <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:806893"
                                   value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_806893_var"/>
               <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                        name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806893"/>
               <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                  <div class="definition"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806893">
                     <div class="criteria">
                        <div class="criteria">
                           <div class="criterion"
                                id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8068932"
                                check="all"
                                check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                              <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                                 <tbody class="tbe">
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                       <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                       <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                       <td>All</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                       <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                    </tr>
                                 </tbody>
                              </table>
                              <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </table>
                           </div>
                           <div class="criterion"
                                id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8068933"
                                check="all"
                                check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                              <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                                 <tbody class="tbe">
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                       <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                       <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                       <td>All</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                       <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                    </tr>
                                 </tbody>
                              </table>
                              <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </table>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="criterion"
                             id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8068931"
                             check="all"
                             check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                           <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                    <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                    <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                    <td>All</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                    <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                              </tr>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </evidence>
            </xccdf:check>
         </xccdf:complex-check>
         <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:806904"
                                value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_806904_var"/>
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                     name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806904"/>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="definition"
                    id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806904">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criteria">
                        <div class="criterion"
                             id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8069042"
                             check="all"
                             check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                           <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                    <td>Ensure 'net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_source_route' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                    <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                    <td>All</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                    <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                              </tr>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                        <div class="criterion"
                             id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8069043"
                             check="all"
                             check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                           <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                    <td>Ensure 'net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_source_route' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                    <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                    <td>All</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                    <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                              </tr>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8069041"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure 'net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_source_route' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
      </xccdf:complex-check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:806912"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_806912_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806912"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806912">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8069122"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure 'net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_source_route' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8069123"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure 'net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_source_route' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8069121"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure 'net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_source_route' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Sysctl Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Name</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_source_route</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                References:

                                                                                                                                                  CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                  • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                                                                                                                                    CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                    Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                                                                                                                                    Subcontrol: 5.1
                                                                                                                                                    Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                                                                                                                                    Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                                                                                                                                  Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                  Fail

                                                                                                                                                  3.2.2 Ensure ICMP redirects are not accepted

                                                                                                                                                  Description:

                                                                                                                                                  ICMP redirect messages are packets that convey routing information and tell your host (acting as a router) to send packets via an alternate path. It is a way of allowing an outside routing device to update your system routing tables. By setting net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects and net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_redirects to 0, the system will not accept any ICMP redirect messages, and therefore, won't allow outsiders to update the system's routing tables.

                                                                                                                                                  Attackers could use bogus ICMP redirect messages to maliciously alter the system routing tables and get them to send packets to incorrect networks and allow your system packets to be captured.

                                                                                                                                                  Set the following parameters in /etc/sysctl.conf or a /etc/sysctl.d/* file:

                                                                                                                                                  net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects = 0

                                                                                                                                                  net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects = 0

                                                                                                                                                  net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_redirects = 0

                                                                                                                                                  net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects = 0

                                                                                                                                                  Run the following commands to set the active kernel parameters:

                                                                                                                                                  # sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects=0

                                                                                                                                                  # sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_redirects=0

                                                                                                                                                  # sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_redirects=0

                                                                                                                                                  # sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects=0

                                                                                                                                                  # sysctl -w net.ipv4.route.flush=1

                                                                                                                                                  # sysctl -w net.ipv6.route.flush=1

                                                                                                                                                  Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                  Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                  AND
                                                                                                                                                  Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                  AND
                                                                                                                                                  Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                  AND
                                                                                                                                                  Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                                  Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                  Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                  Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                  No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                  Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                                  Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                  Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                  Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                  No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                  Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                                  Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                  Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                  Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                  No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                  Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                                  Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                  Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                  Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                  No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                  Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                                  Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                  Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                  Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                  No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                  Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                                  Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                  Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                  Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                  No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                  Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                                  Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                  Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                  Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                  No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                  Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                                  Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                  Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                  Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                  No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                  Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                                  Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                  Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                  Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                  No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                  Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                                  Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                  Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                  Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                  No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                  Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                                  Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                  Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                  Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                  No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                  Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                                  Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                  Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                  Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                  Sysctl Item
                                                                                                                                                  Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                  Name String Exists net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects
                                                                                                                                                  Value Int Exists 1


                                                                                                                                                  Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                  <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.2_Ensure_ICMP_redirects_are_not_accepted"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.541Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
         <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
            <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                         negate="false"
                         multi-check="false">
               <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:806927"
                                   value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_806927_var"/>
               <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                        name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806927"/>
               <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                  <div class="definition"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806927">
                     <div class="criteria">
                        <div class="criteria">
                           <div class="criterion"
                                id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8069272"
                                check="all"
                                check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                              <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                                 <tbody class="tbe">
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                       <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                       <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                       <td>All</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                       <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                    </tr>
                                 </tbody>
                              </table>
                              <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </table>
                           </div>
                           <div class="criterion"
                                id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8069273"
                                check="all"
                                check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                              <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                                 <tbody class="tbe">
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                       <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                       <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                       <td>All</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                       <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                    </tr>
                                 </tbody>
                              </table>
                              <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </table>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="criterion"
                             id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8069271"
                             check="all"
                             check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                           <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                    <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                    <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                    <td>All</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                    <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                              </tr>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </evidence>
            </xccdf:check>
            <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                         negate="false"
                         multi-check="false">
               <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:806934"
                                   value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_806934_var"/>
               <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                        name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806934"/>
               <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                  <div class="definition"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806934">
                     <div class="criteria">
                        <div class="criteria">
                           <div class="criterion"
                                id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8069342"
                                check="all"
                                check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                              <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                                 <tbody class="tbe">
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                       <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                       <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                       <td>All</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                       <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                    </tr>
                                 </tbody>
                              </table>
                              <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </table>
                           </div>
                           <div class="criterion"
                                id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8069343"
                                check="all"
                                check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                              <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                                 <tbody class="tbe">
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                       <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                       <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                       <td>All</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                       <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                    </tr>
                                 </tbody>
                              </table>
                              <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </table>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                        <div class="criterion"
                             id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8069341"
                             check="all"
                             check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                           <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                    <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.accept_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                    <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                    <td>All</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                    <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                              </tr>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </evidence>
            </xccdf:check>
         </xccdf:complex-check>
         <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:806941"
                                value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_806941_var"/>
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                     name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806941"/>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="definition"
                    id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806941">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criteria">
                        <div class="criterion"
                             id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8069412"
                             check="all"
                             check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                           <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                    <td>Ensure 'net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                    <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                    <td>All</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                    <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                              </tr>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                        <div class="criterion"
                             id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8069413"
                             check="all"
                             check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                           <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                    <td>Ensure 'net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                    <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                    <td>All</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                    <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                              </tr>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8069411"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure 'net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
      </xccdf:complex-check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:806952"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_806952_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806952"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806952">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8069522"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure 'net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8069523"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure 'net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8069521"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure 'net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Sysctl Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Name</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_redirects</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                  References:

                                                                                                                                                    CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                    • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                                                                                                                                      CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                      Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                                                                                                                                      Subcontrol: 5.1
                                                                                                                                                      Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                                                                                                                                      Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                                                                                                                                    Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                    Fail

                                                                                                                                                    3.2.3 Ensure secure ICMP redirects are not accepted

                                                                                                                                                    Description:

                                                                                                                                                    Secure ICMP redirects are the same as ICMP redirects, except they come from gateways listed on the default gateway list. It is assumed that these gateways are known to your system, and that they are likely to be secure.

                                                                                                                                                    It is still possible for even known gateways to be compromised. Setting net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects to 0 protects the system from routing table updates by possibly compromised known gateways.

                                                                                                                                                    Set the following parameters in /etc/sysctl.conf or a /etc/sysctl.d/* file:

                                                                                                                                                    net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects = 0

                                                                                                                                                    net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects = 0

                                                                                                                                                    Run the following commands to set the active kernel parameters:

                                                                                                                                                    # sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects=0

                                                                                                                                                    # sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects=0

                                                                                                                                                    # sysctl -w net.ipv4.route.flush=1

                                                                                                                                                    Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                    Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                    AND
                                                                                                                                                    Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                                    Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                    Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                    Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                    No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                    Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                                    Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                    Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                    Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                    No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                    Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                                    Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                    Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                    Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                    No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                    Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                                    Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                    Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                    Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                    No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                    Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                                    Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                    Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                    Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                    No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                    Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                                    Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                    Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                    Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                    No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                                    Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                    <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.3_Ensure_secure_ICMP_redirects_are_not_accepted"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.541Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:806962"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_806962_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806962"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806962">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8069622"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8069623"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8069621"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.secure_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:806969"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_806969_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806969"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806969">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8069692"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8069693"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8069691"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.default.secure_redirects' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                    References:

                                                                                                                                                      CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                      • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                                                                                                                                        CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                        Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                                                                                                                                        Subcontrol: 5.1
                                                                                                                                                        Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                                                                                                                                        Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                                                                                                                                      Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                      Fail

                                                                                                                                                      3.2.4 Ensure suspicious packets are logged

                                                                                                                                                      Description:

                                                                                                                                                      When enabled, this feature logs packets with un-routable source addresses to the kernel log.

                                                                                                                                                      Enabling this feature and logging these packets allows an administrator to investigate the possibility that an attacker is sending spoofed packets to their system.

                                                                                                                                                      Set the following parameters in /etc/sysctl.conf or a /etc/sysctl.d/* file:

                                                                                                                                                      net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians = 1

                                                                                                                                                      net.ipv4.conf.default.log_martians = 1

                                                                                                                                                      Run the following commands to set the active kernel parameters:

                                                                                                                                                      # sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians=1

                                                                                                                                                      # sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.default.log_martians=1

                                                                                                                                                      # sysctl -w net.ipv4.route.flush=1

                                                                                                                                                      Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                      Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                      AND
                                                                                                                                                      Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)
                                                                                                                                                      Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                      Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                      Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                      No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                      Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)
                                                                                                                                                      Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                      Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                      Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                      No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                      Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)
                                                                                                                                                      Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                      Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                      Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                      No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                      Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.default.log_martians' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)
                                                                                                                                                      Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                      Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                      Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                      No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                      Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.default.log_martians' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)
                                                                                                                                                      Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                      Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                      Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                      No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                      Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.default.log_martians' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)
                                                                                                                                                      Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                      Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                      Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                      No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                                      Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                      <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.4_Ensure_suspicious_packets_are_logged"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.542Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/2"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/3"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:806986"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_806986_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806986"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806986">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8069862"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8069863"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8069861"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.log_martians' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:806995"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_806995_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806995"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806995">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8069952"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.default.log_martians' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8069953"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.default.log_martians' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8069951"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.default.log_martians' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                      References:

                                                                                                                                                        CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                        • Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
                                                                                                                                                          CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                          Control: Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand, or recover from an attack.
                                                                                                                                                          Subcontrol: 6.2
                                                                                                                                                          Label: Activate audit logging
                                                                                                                                                          Description: Ensure that local logging has been enabled on all systems and networking devices.
                                                                                                                                                        • Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
                                                                                                                                                          CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                          Control: Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand, or recover from an attack.
                                                                                                                                                          Subcontrol: 6.3
                                                                                                                                                          Label: Enable Detailed Logging
                                                                                                                                                          Description: Enable system logging to include detailed information such as a event source, date, user, timestamp, source addresses, destination addresses, and other useful elements.

                                                                                                                                                        Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                        Fail

                                                                                                                                                        3.2.5 Ensure broadcast ICMP requests are ignored

                                                                                                                                                        Description:

                                                                                                                                                        Setting net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts to 1 will cause the system to ignore all ICMP echo and timestamp requests to broadcast and multicast addresses.

                                                                                                                                                        Accepting ICMP echo and timestamp requests with broadcast or multicast destinations for your network could be used to trick your host into starting (or participating) in a Smurf attack. A Smurf attack relies on an attacker sending large amounts of ICMP broadcast messages with a spoofed source address. All hosts receiving this message and responding would send echo-reply messages back to the spoofed address, which is probably not routable. If many hosts respond to the packets, the amount of traffic on the network could be significantly multiplied.

                                                                                                                                                        Set the following parameters in /etc/sysctl.conf or a /etc/sysctl.d/* file:

                                                                                                                                                        net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts = 1

                                                                                                                                                        Run the following commands to set the active kernel parameters:

                                                                                                                                                        # sysctl -w net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts=1 # sysctl -w net.ipv4.route.flush=1

                                                                                                                                                        Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                        Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                        AND
                                                                                                                                                        Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)
                                                                                                                                                        Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                        Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                        Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                        No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                        Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)
                                                                                                                                                        Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                        Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                        Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                        No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                        Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)
                                                                                                                                                        Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                        Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                        Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                        Sysctl Item
                                                                                                                                                        Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                        Name String Exists net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts
                                                                                                                                                        Value Int Exists 1


                                                                                                                                                        Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                        <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.5_Ensure_broadcast_ICMP_requests_are_ignored"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.542Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:807018"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807018_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807018"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807018">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8070182"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8070183"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8070181"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Sysctl Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Name</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>net.ipv4.icmp_echo_ignore_broadcasts</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                        References:

                                                                                                                                                          CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                          • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                                                                                                                                            CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                            Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                                                                                                                                            Subcontrol: 5.1
                                                                                                                                                            Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                                                                                                                                            Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                                                                                                                                          Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                          Fail

                                                                                                                                                          3.2.6 Ensure bogus ICMP responses are ignored

                                                                                                                                                          Description:

                                                                                                                                                          Setting icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses to 1 prevents the kernel from logging bogus responses (RFC-1122 non-compliant) from broadcast reframes, keeping file systems from filling up with useless log messages.

                                                                                                                                                          Some routers (and some attackers) will send responses that violate RFC-1122 and attempt to fill up a log file system with many useless error messages.

                                                                                                                                                          Set the following parameter in /etc/sysctl.conf or a /etc/sysctl.d/* file:

                                                                                                                                                          net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses = 1

                                                                                                                                                          Run the following commands to set the active kernel parameters:

                                                                                                                                                          # sysctl -w net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses=1 # sysctl -w net.ipv4.route.flush=1

                                                                                                                                                          Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                          Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                          AND
                                                                                                                                                          Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)
                                                                                                                                                          Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                          Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                          Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                          No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                          Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)
                                                                                                                                                          Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                          Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                          Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                          No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                          Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)
                                                                                                                                                          Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                          Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                          Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                          Sysctl Item
                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                          Name String Exists net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses
                                                                                                                                                          Value Int Exists 1


                                                                                                                                                          Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                          <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.6_Ensure_bogus_ICMP_responses_are_ignored"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.542Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:807030"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807030_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807030"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807030">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8070302"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8070303"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8070301"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Sysctl Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Name</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>net.ipv4.icmp_ignore_bogus_error_responses</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                          References:

                                                                                                                                                            CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                            • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                                                                                                                                              CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                              Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                                                                                                                                              Subcontrol: 5.1
                                                                                                                                                              Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                                                                                                                                              Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                                                                                                                                            Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                            Fail

                                                                                                                                                            3.2.7 Ensure Reverse Path Filtering is enabled

                                                                                                                                                            Description:

                                                                                                                                                            Setting net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter and net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter to 1 forces the Linux kernel to utilize reverse path filtering on a received packet to determine if the packet was valid. Essentially, with reverse path filtering, if the return packet does not go out the same interface that the corresponding source packet came from, the packet is dropped (and logged if log_martians is set).

                                                                                                                                                            Setting these flags is a good way to deter attackers from sending your system bogus packets that cannot be responded to. One instance where this feature breaks down is if asymmetrical routing is employed. This would occur when using dynamic routing protocols (bgp, ospf, etc) on your system. If you are using asymmetrical routing on your system, you will not be able to enable this feature without breaking the routing.

                                                                                                                                                            Set the following parameters in /etc/sysctl.conf or a /etc/sysctl.d/* file:

                                                                                                                                                            net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 1

                                                                                                                                                            net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1

                                                                                                                                                            Run the following commands to set the active kernel parameters:

                                                                                                                                                            # sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter=1 # sysctl -w net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter=1 # sysctl -w net.ipv4.route.flush=1

                                                                                                                                                            Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                            Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                            AND
                                                                                                                                                            Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)
                                                                                                                                                            Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                            Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                            No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                            Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)
                                                                                                                                                            Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                            Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                            Textfilecontent Item
                                                                                                                                                            Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                            Filepath String Exists /etc/sysctl.d/10-network-security.conf
                                                                                                                                                            Path String Exists /etc/sysctl.d
                                                                                                                                                            Filename String Exists 10-network-security.conf
                                                                                                                                                            Pattern String Exists ^\s*net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter\s*=\s*1$
                                                                                                                                                            Instance Int Exists 1
                                                                                                                                                            Line String Exists net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter=1
                                                                                                                                                            Text String Exists net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter=1
                                                                                                                                                            Subexpression String Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                            Windows View String Not collected No Value
                                                                                                                                                            Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)
                                                                                                                                                            Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                            Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                            No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                            Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)
                                                                                                                                                            Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                            Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                            No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                            Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)
                                                                                                                                                            Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                            Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                            Textfilecontent Item
                                                                                                                                                            Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                            Filepath String Exists /etc/sysctl.d/10-network-security.conf
                                                                                                                                                            Path String Exists /etc/sysctl.d
                                                                                                                                                            Filename String Exists 10-network-security.conf
                                                                                                                                                            Pattern String Exists ^\s*net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter\s*=\s*1$
                                                                                                                                                            Instance Int Exists 1
                                                                                                                                                            Line String Exists net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter=1
                                                                                                                                                            Text String Exists net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter=1
                                                                                                                                                            Subexpression String Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                            Windows View String Not collected No Value
                                                                                                                                                            Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)
                                                                                                                                                            Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                            Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                            No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                                            Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                            <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.7_Ensure_Reverse_Path_Filtering_is_enabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.542Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:807053"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807053_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807053"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807053">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8070532"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8070533"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <caption>Textfilecontent Item</caption>
                           <thead>
                              <tr>
                                 <th scope="col">Name</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Type</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Status</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Value</th>
                              </tr>
                           </thead>
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Filepath</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>/etc/sysctl.d/10-network-security.conf</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Path</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>/etc/sysctl.d</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Filename</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>10-network-security.conf</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Pattern</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>^\s*net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter\s*=\s*1$</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Instance</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>1</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Line</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter=1</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Text</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter=1</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Subexpression</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Does not exist</td>
                                 <td>No Value</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Windows View</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Not collected</td>
                                 <td>No Value</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8070531"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:807060"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807060_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807060"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807060">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8070602"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8070603"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <caption>Textfilecontent Item</caption>
                           <thead>
                              <tr>
                                 <th scope="col">Name</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Type</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Status</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Value</th>
                              </tr>
                           </thead>
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Filepath</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>/etc/sysctl.d/10-network-security.conf</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Path</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>/etc/sysctl.d</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Filename</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>10-network-security.conf</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Pattern</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>^\s*net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter\s*=\s*1$</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Instance</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>1</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Line</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter=1</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Text</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter=1</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Subexpression</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Does not exist</td>
                                 <td>No Value</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Windows View</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Not collected</td>
                                 <td>No Value</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8070601"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                            References:

                                                                                                                                                              CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                              • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                                                                                                                                                Subcontrol: 5.1
                                                                                                                                                                Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                                                                                                                                                Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                                                                                                                                              Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                              Pass

                                                                                                                                                              3.2.8 Ensure TCP SYN Cookies is enabled

                                                                                                                                                              Description:

                                                                                                                                                              When tcp_syncookies is set, the kernel will handle TCP SYN packets normally until the half-open connection queue is full, at which time, the SYN cookie functionality kicks in. SYN cookies work by not using the SYN queue at all. Instead, the kernel simply replies to the SYN with a SYN|ACK, but will include a specially crafted TCP sequence number that encodes the source and destination IP address and port number and the time the packet was sent. A legitimate connection would send the ACK packet of the three way handshake with the specially crafted sequence number. This allows the system to verify that it has received a valid response to a SYN cookie and allow the connection, even though there is no corresponding SYN in the queue.

                                                                                                                                                              Attackers use SYN flood attacks to perform a denial of service attacked on a system by sending many SYN packets without completing the three way handshake. This will quickly use up slots in the kernel's half-open connection queue and prevent legitimate connections from succeeding. SYN cookies allow the system to keep accepting valid connections, even if under a denial of service attack.

                                                                                                                                                              Set the following parameters in /etc/sysctl.conf or a /etc/sysctl.d/* file:

                                                                                                                                                              net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1

                                                                                                                                                              Run the following commands to set the active kernel parameters:

                                                                                                                                                              # sysctl -w net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies=1 # sysctl -w net.ipv4.route.flush=1

                                                                                                                                                              Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                              Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                              AND
                                                                                                                                                              Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)
                                                                                                                                                              Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                              Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                              Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                              No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                              Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)
                                                                                                                                                              Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                              Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                              Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                              Textfilecontent Item
                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                              Filepath String Exists /etc/sysctl.d/10-network-security.conf
                                                                                                                                                              Path String Exists /etc/sysctl.d
                                                                                                                                                              Filename String Exists 10-network-security.conf
                                                                                                                                                              Pattern String Exists ^\s*net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies\s*=\s*1$
                                                                                                                                                              Instance Int Exists 1
                                                                                                                                                              Line String Exists net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies=1
                                                                                                                                                              Text String Exists net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies=1
                                                                                                                                                              Subexpression String Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                              Windows View String Not collected No Value
                                                                                                                                                              Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)
                                                                                                                                                              Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                              Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                              Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                              Sysctl Item
                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                              Name String Exists net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies
                                                                                                                                                              Value Int Exists 1


                                                                                                                                                              Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                              <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.8_Ensure_TCP_SYN_Cookies_is_enabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.542Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:807080"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807080_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807080"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807080">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8070802"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8070803"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <caption>Textfilecontent Item</caption>
                           <thead>
                              <tr>
                                 <th scope="col">Name</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Type</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Status</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Value</th>
                              </tr>
                           </thead>
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Filepath</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>/etc/sysctl.d/10-network-security.conf</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Path</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>/etc/sysctl.d</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Filename</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>10-network-security.conf</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Pattern</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>^\s*net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies\s*=\s*1$</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Instance</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>1</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Line</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies=1</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Text</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies=1</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Subexpression</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Does not exist</td>
                                 <td>No Value</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Windows View</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Not collected</td>
                                 <td>No Value</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8070801"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure 'net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies' kernel parameter Equals 1 (int)</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Sysctl Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Name</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                              References:

                                                                                                                                                                CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                  CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                  Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                                                                                                                                                  Subcontrol: 5.1
                                                                                                                                                                  Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                                                                                                                                                  Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                                                                                                                                                Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                Fail

                                                                                                                                                                3.2.9 Ensure IPv6 router advertisements are not accepted

                                                                                                                                                                Description:

                                                                                                                                                                This setting disables the system's ability to accept IPv6 router advertisements.

                                                                                                                                                                It is recommended that systems do not accept router advertisements as they could be tricked into routing traffic to compromised machines. Setting hard routes within the system (usually a single default route to a trusted router) protects the system from bad routes.

                                                                                                                                                                Set the following parameters in /etc/sysctl.conf or a /etc/sysctl.d/* file:

                                                                                                                                                                net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_ra = 0

                                                                                                                                                                net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra = 0

                                                                                                                                                                Run the following commands to set the active kernel parameters:

                                                                                                                                                                # sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_ra=0 # sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra=0 # sysctl -w net.ipv6.route.flush=1

                                                                                                                                                                Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                OR
                                                                                                                                                                Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                AND
                                                                                                                                                                Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_ra' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                                                Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_ra' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                                                Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_ra' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                                                Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                                                Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                                                Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                Criterion: Ensure 'net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)
                                                                                                                                                                Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                Criterion: Ensure /boot/grub/grub.cfg contents Pattern Match ipv6\.disable=1 (string)
                                                                                                                                                                Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                                                Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.2.9_Ensure_IPv6_router_advertisements_are_not_accepted"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.542Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
         <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:807100"
                                value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807100_var"/>
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                     name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807100"/>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="definition"
                    id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807100">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criteria">
                        <div class="criterion"
                             id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8071002"
                             check="all"
                             check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                           <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                    <td>Ensure 'net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_ra' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                    <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                    <td>All</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                    <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                              </tr>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                        <div class="criterion"
                             id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8071003"
                             check="all"
                             check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                           <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                    <td>Ensure 'net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_ra' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                    <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                    <td>All</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                    <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                              </tr>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8071001"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure 'net.ipv6.conf.all.accept_ra' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
         <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:807106"
                                value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807106_var"/>
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                     name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807106"/>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="definition"
                    id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807106">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criteria">
                        <div class="criterion"
                             id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8071062"
                             check="all"
                             check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                           <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                    <td>Ensure 'net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                    <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                    <td>All</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                    <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                              </tr>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                        <div class="criterion"
                             id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8071063"
                             check="all"
                             check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                           <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                    <td>Ensure 'net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                    <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                    <td>All</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                    <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                              </tr>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8071061"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure 'net.ipv6.conf.default.accept_ra' kernel parameter Equals 0 (int)</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
      </xccdf:complex-check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:807113"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_8071131_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:8071132"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_8071132_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807113"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807113">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807113"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure /boot/grub/grub.cfg contents Pattern Match ipv6\.disable=1 (string)</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                References:

                                                                                                                                                                  CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                  • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                    CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                    Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                                                                                                                                                    Subcontrol: 5.1
                                                                                                                                                                    Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                                                                                                                                                    Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                                                                                                                                                  Back to Summary

                                                                                                                                                                  3.3 TCP Wrappers

                                                                                                                                                                  Manual

                                                                                                                                                                  3.3.1 Ensure TCP Wrappers is installed

                                                                                                                                                                  Description:

                                                                                                                                                                  Many Linux distributions provide value-added firewall solutions which provide easy, advanced management of network traffic into and out of the local system. When these solutions are available and appropriate for an environment they should be used.

                                                                                                                                                                  In cases where a value-added firewall is not provided by a distribution, TCP Wrappers provides a simple access list and standardized logging method for services capable of supporting it. Services that are called from inetd and xinetd support the use of TCP wrappers. Any service that can support TCP wrappers will have the libwrap.so library attached to it.

                                                                                                                                                                  TCP Wrappers provide a good simple access list mechanism to services that may not have that support built in. It is recommended that all services that can support TCP Wrappers, use it.

                                                                                                                                                                  Run the following command to install TCP Wrappers:

                                                                                                                                                                  # apt install tcpd

                                                                                                                                                                  Impact:

                                                                                                                                                                  Some Linux distributions have deprecated the use of TCP Wrappers in favor of value-added firewall solutions. In these cases the provided firewall solution should be used.

                                                                                                                                                                  Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                  Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                  AND
                                                                                                                                                                  Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'tcpd' is installed
                                                                                                                                                                  Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                  Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                  Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                  No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                                                  Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                  <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.3.1_Ensure_TCP_Wrappers_is_installed"
                   role="unscored"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.542Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="0.0">
   <xccdf:result>informational</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806898"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806898">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806898"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'tcpd' is installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                  References:

                                                                                                                                                                    CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                    • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                      CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                      Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                                                                      Subcontrol: 9.4
                                                                                                                                                                      Label: Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering
                                                                                                                                                                      Description: Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed.

                                                                                                                                                                    Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                    Manual

                                                                                                                                                                    3.3.2 Ensure /etc/hosts.allow is configured

                                                                                                                                                                    Description:

                                                                                                                                                                    The /etc/hosts.allow file specifies which IP addresses are permitted to connect to the host. It is intended to be used in conjunction with the /etc/hosts.deny file.

                                                                                                                                                                    The /etc/hosts.allow file supports access control by IP and helps ensure that only authorized systems can connect to the system.

                                                                                                                                                                    Run the following command to create /etc/hosts.allow :

                                                                                                                                                                    # echo "ALL: <net>/<mask>, <net>/<mask>, ..." >/etc/hosts.allow

                                                                                                                                                                    where each <net>/<mask> combination (for example, "192.168.1.0/255.255.255.0") represents one network block in use by your organization that requires access to this system.

                                                                                                                                                                    Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                    Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                    OR
                                                                                                                                                                    Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/hosts.allow exists and unknown test
                                                                                                                                                                    Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                    Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                    Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                    File Item
                                                                                                                                                                    Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                    Filepath String Exists /etc/hosts.allow
                                                                                                                                                                    Path String Exists /etc
                                                                                                                                                                    Filename String Exists hosts.allow
                                                                                                                                                                    Type String Exists regular
                                                                                                                                                                    Group Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                    User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                    A Time Int Exists 1626811531
                                                                                                                                                                    C Time Int Exists 1626829985
                                                                                                                                                                    M Time Int Exists 1626811531
                                                                                                                                                                    Size Int Exists 411
                                                                                                                                                                    Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                    Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                    Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                    Uread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                    Uwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                    Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                    Gread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                    Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                    Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                    Oread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                    Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                    Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                    Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value
                                                                                                                                                                    Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'tcpd' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                    Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                    Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                    Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                    No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                                                    Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                    <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.3.2_Ensure_etchosts.allow_is_configured"
                   role="unscored"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.543Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="0.0">
   <xccdf:result>informational</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806914"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806914">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806914"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/hosts.allow exists and unknown test</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc/hosts.allow</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>hosts.allow</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811531</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626829985</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811531</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>411</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806918"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806918">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806918"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'tcpd' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                    References:

                                                                                                                                                                      CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                      • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                        CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                        Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                                                                        Subcontrol: 9.4
                                                                                                                                                                        Label: Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering
                                                                                                                                                                        Description: Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed.

                                                                                                                                                                      Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                      Manual

                                                                                                                                                                      3.3.3 Ensure /etc/hosts.deny is configured

                                                                                                                                                                      Description:

                                                                                                                                                                      The /etc/hosts.deny file specifies which IP addresses are not permitted to connect to the host. It is intended to be used in conjunction with the /etc/hosts.allow file.

                                                                                                                                                                      The /etc/hosts.deny file serves as a failsafe so that any host not specified in /etc/hosts.allow is denied access to the system.

                                                                                                                                                                      Run the following command to create /etc/hosts.deny :

                                                                                                                                                                      # echo "ALL: ALL" >> /etc/hosts.deny

                                                                                                                                                                      Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                      Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                      OR
                                                                                                                                                                      Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/hosts.deny exists and matches pattern ^ALL: ALL
                                                                                                                                                                      Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                      Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                      Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                      No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                      Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'tcpd' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                      Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                      Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                      Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                      No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                                                      Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                      <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.3.3_Ensure_etchosts.deny_is_configured"
                   role="unscored"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.543Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="0.0">
   <xccdf:result>informational</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806935"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806935">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806935"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/hosts.deny exists and matches pattern ^ALL: ALL</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806940"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806940">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806940"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'tcpd' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                      References:

                                                                                                                                                                        CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                        • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                          CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                          Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                                                                          Subcontrol: 9.4
                                                                                                                                                                          Label: Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering
                                                                                                                                                                          Description: Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed.

                                                                                                                                                                        Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                        Pass

                                                                                                                                                                        3.3.4 Ensure permissions on /etc/hosts.allow are configured

                                                                                                                                                                        Description:

                                                                                                                                                                        The /etc/hosts.allow file contains networking information that is used by many applications and therefore must be readable for these applications to operate.

                                                                                                                                                                        It is critical to ensure that the /etc/hosts.allow file is protected from unauthorized write access. Although it is protected by default, the file permissions could be changed either inadvertently or through malicious actions.

                                                                                                                                                                        Run the following commands to set permissions on /etc/hosts.allow :

                                                                                                                                                                        # chown root:root /etc/hosts.allow

                                                                                                                                                                        # chmod 644 /etc/hosts.allow

                                                                                                                                                                        Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                        Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                        OR
                                                                                                                                                                        Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/hosts.allow exists and is owned by 0:0 and has permissions rw-r--r-- and does not have permissions --x-wx-wx SUID SGID sticky
                                                                                                                                                                        Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                        Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                        Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                        File Item
                                                                                                                                                                        Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                        Filepath String Exists /etc/hosts.allow
                                                                                                                                                                        Path String Exists /etc
                                                                                                                                                                        Filename String Exists hosts.allow
                                                                                                                                                                        Type String Exists regular
                                                                                                                                                                        Group Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                        User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                        A Time Int Exists 1626811531
                                                                                                                                                                        C Time Int Exists 1626829985
                                                                                                                                                                        M Time Int Exists 1626811531
                                                                                                                                                                        Size Int Exists 411
                                                                                                                                                                        Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                        Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                        Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                        Uread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                        Uwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                        Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                        Gread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                        Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                        Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                        Oread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                        Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                        Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                        Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value
                                                                                                                                                                        Criterion: Ensure no file named /etc/hosts.allow exists and unknown test
                                                                                                                                                                        Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                        Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                        Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                        File Item
                                                                                                                                                                        Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                        Filepath String Exists /etc/hosts.allow
                                                                                                                                                                        Path String Exists /etc
                                                                                                                                                                        Filename String Exists hosts.allow
                                                                                                                                                                        Type String Exists regular
                                                                                                                                                                        Group Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                        User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                        A Time Int Exists 1626811531
                                                                                                                                                                        C Time Int Exists 1626829985
                                                                                                                                                                        M Time Int Exists 1626811531
                                                                                                                                                                        Size Int Exists 411
                                                                                                                                                                        Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                        Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                        Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                        Uread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                        Uwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                        Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                        Gread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                        Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                        Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                        Oread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                        Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                        Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                        Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value


                                                                                                                                                                        Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                        <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.3.4_Ensure_permissions_on_etchosts.allow_are_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.543Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806958"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806958">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806958"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/hosts.allow exists and is owned by 0:0 and has permissions rw-r--r-- and does not have permissions --x-wx-wx SUID SGID sticky</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc/hosts.allow</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>hosts.allow</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811531</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626829985</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811531</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>411</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806972"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806972">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806972"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure no file named /etc/hosts.allow exists and unknown test</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc/hosts.allow</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>hosts.allow</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811531</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626829985</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811531</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>411</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                        References:

                                                                                                                                                                          CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                          • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                            CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                            Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                                                                                                                                                            Subcontrol: 5.1
                                                                                                                                                                            Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                                                                                                                                                            Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                                                                                                                                                          Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                          Pass

                                                                                                                                                                          3.3.5 Ensure permissions on /etc/hosts.deny are configured

                                                                                                                                                                          Description:

                                                                                                                                                                          The /etc/hosts.deny file contains network information that is used by many system applications and therefore must be readable for these applications to operate.

                                                                                                                                                                          It is critical to ensure that the /etc/hosts.deny file is protected from unauthorized write access. Although it is protected by default, the file permissions could be changed either inadvertently or through malicious actions.

                                                                                                                                                                          Run the following commands to set permissions on /etc/hosts.deny :

                                                                                                                                                                          # chown root:root /etc/hosts.deny

                                                                                                                                                                          # chmod 644 /etc/hosts.deny

                                                                                                                                                                          Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                          Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                          OR
                                                                                                                                                                          Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/hosts.deny exists and is owned by 0:0 and has permissions rw-r--r-- and does not have permissions --x-wx-wx SUID SGID sticky
                                                                                                                                                                          Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                          Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                          Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                          File Item
                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                          Filepath String Exists /etc/hosts.deny
                                                                                                                                                                          Path String Exists /etc
                                                                                                                                                                          Filename String Exists hosts.deny
                                                                                                                                                                          Type String Exists regular
                                                                                                                                                                          Group Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                          User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                          A Time Int Exists 1626811531
                                                                                                                                                                          C Time Int Exists 1626829985
                                                                                                                                                                          M Time Int Exists 1626811531
                                                                                                                                                                          Size Int Exists 711
                                                                                                                                                                          Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                          Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                          Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                          Uread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                          Uwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                          Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                          Gread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                          Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                          Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                          Oread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                          Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                          Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                          Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value
                                                                                                                                                                          Criterion: Ensure no file named /etc/hosts.deny exists and unknown test
                                                                                                                                                                          Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                          Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                          Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                          File Item
                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                          Filepath String Exists /etc/hosts.deny
                                                                                                                                                                          Path String Exists /etc
                                                                                                                                                                          Filename String Exists hosts.deny
                                                                                                                                                                          Type String Exists regular
                                                                                                                                                                          Group Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                          User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                          A Time Int Exists 1626811531
                                                                                                                                                                          C Time Int Exists 1626829985
                                                                                                                                                                          M Time Int Exists 1626811531
                                                                                                                                                                          Size Int Exists 711
                                                                                                                                                                          Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                          Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                          Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                          Uread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                          Uwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                          Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                          Gread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                          Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                          Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                          Oread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                          Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                          Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                          Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value


                                                                                                                                                                          Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                          <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.3.5_Ensure_permissions_on_etchosts.deny_are_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.543Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806987"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806987">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806987"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/hosts.deny exists and is owned by 0:0 and has permissions rw-r--r-- and does not have permissions --x-wx-wx SUID SGID sticky</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc/hosts.deny</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>hosts.deny</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811531</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626829985</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811531</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>711</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807005"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807005">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807005"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure no file named /etc/hosts.deny exists and unknown test</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc/hosts.deny</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>hosts.deny</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811531</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626829985</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811531</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>711</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                          References:

                                                                                                                                                                            CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                            • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                              CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                              Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                                                                                                                                                              Subcontrol: 5.1
                                                                                                                                                                              Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                                                                                                                                                              Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                                                                                                                                                            Back to Summary

                                                                                                                                                                            3.4 Uncommon Network Protocols

                                                                                                                                                                            The Linux kernel modules support several network protocols that are not commonly used. If these protocols are not needed, it is recommended that they be disabled in the kernel.

                                                                                                                                                                            Note: This should not be considered a comprehensive list of uncommon network protocols, you may wish to consider additions to those listed here for your environment.

                                                                                                                                                                            3.5 Firewall Configuration

                                                                                                                                                                            A Host based firewall Provides defense against external and internal threats by refusing unauthorized connections, to stop intrusion and provide a strong method of access control policy.

                                                                                                                                                                            this section is intended only to ensure the resulting firewall rules are in place, not how they are configured

                                                                                                                                                                            3.5.1 Ensure Firewall software is installed

                                                                                                                                                                            In order to configure Firewall protection for you system, a Firewall software package needs to be installed

                                                                                                                                                                            Pass

                                                                                                                                                                            3.5.1.1 Ensure a Firewall package is installed

                                                                                                                                                                            Description:

                                                                                                                                                                            A Firewall package should be selected. Most firewall configuration utilities operate as a front end to nftables or iptables.

                                                                                                                                                                            A Firewall package is required for firewall management and configuration.

                                                                                                                                                                            Run one of the following commands to install the Firewall package that follows local site policy:

                                                                                                                                                                            To install UFW , run the following command:

                                                                                                                                                                            # apt install ufw

                                                                                                                                                                            To install nftables , run the following command:

                                                                                                                                                                            # apt install nftables

                                                                                                                                                                            To install iptables , run the following command:

                                                                                                                                                                            # apt install iptables

                                                                                                                                                                            Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                            Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                            OR
                                                                                                                                                                            Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                            OR
                                                                                                                                                                            Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'ufw' is installed
                                                                                                                                                                            Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                            Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                            No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                            Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'nftables' is installed
                                                                                                                                                                            Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                            Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                            No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                            Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'iptables' is installed
                                                                                                                                                                            Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                            Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                            Dpkginfo Item
                                                                                                                                                                            Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                            Name String Exists iptables
                                                                                                                                                                            Arch String Exists amd64
                                                                                                                                                                            Epoch String Exists (none)
                                                                                                                                                                            Release String Exists 2ubuntu2
                                                                                                                                                                            Version String Exists 1.6.1
                                                                                                                                                                            Evr Evr String Exists 0:1.6.1-2ubuntu2


                                                                                                                                                                            Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                            <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.1.1_Ensure_a_Firewall_package_is_installed"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.543Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
         <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                     name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806968"/>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="definition"
                    id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806968">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806968"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure package name equals 'ufw' is installed</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
         <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                     name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806977"/>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="definition"
                    id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806977">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806977"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure package name equals 'nftables' is installed</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
      </xccdf:complex-check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806981"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806981">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806981"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'iptables' is installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Name</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>iptables</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Arch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>amd64</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Epoch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>(none)</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Release</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>2ubuntu2</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Version</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1.6.1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Evr</td>
                              <td>Evr String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0:1.6.1-2ubuntu2</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                            References:

                                                                                                                                                                              CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                              • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                                                                                Subcontrol: 9.4
                                                                                                                                                                                Label: Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering
                                                                                                                                                                                Description: Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed.

                                                                                                                                                                              Back to Summary

                                                                                                                                                                              3.5.2 Configure UncomplicatedFirewall

                                                                                                                                                                              UncomplicatedFirewall (ufw) is a frontend for iptables. ufw provides a framework for managing netfilter, as well as a command-line interface for manipulating the firewall.

                                                                                                                                                                              Pass

                                                                                                                                                                              3.5.2.1 Ensure ufw service is enabled

                                                                                                                                                                              Description:

                                                                                                                                                                              UncomplicatedFirewall (ufw) is a frontend for iptables. ufw provides a framework for managing netfilter, as well as a command-line and available graphical user interface for manipulating the firewall.

                                                                                                                                                                              Ensure that the ufw service is enabled to protect your system.

                                                                                                                                                                              The ufw service must be enabled and running in order for ufw to protect the system

                                                                                                                                                                              Run the following command to enable ufw:

                                                                                                                                                                              # ufw enable

                                                                                                                                                                              Impact:

                                                                                                                                                                              Changing firewall settings while connected over network can result in being locked out of the system.

                                                                                                                                                                              Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                              Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                              OR
                                                                                                                                                                              Criterion: Ensure standard service 'ufw' is enabled
                                                                                                                                                                              Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                              Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                              Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                              Systemdunitproperty Item
                                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                              Unit String Exists ufw
                                                                                                                                                                              Property String Exists UnitFileState
                                                                                                                                                                              Value String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                              Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'ufw' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                              Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                              Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                              Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                              No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                                                              Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                              <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.2.1_Ensure_ufw_service_is_enabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.543Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident system="http://cce.mitre.org">http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/precise/en/man8/ufw.8.html</xccdf:ident>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806993"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806993">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806993"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure standard service 'ufw' is enabled</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Unit</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>ufw</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Property</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>UnitFileState</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806996"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806996">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806996"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'ufw' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                              References:

                                                                                                                                                                              CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                              • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                                                                                Subcontrol: 9.4
                                                                                                                                                                                Label: Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering
                                                                                                                                                                                Description: Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed.

                                                                                                                                                                              Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                              Pass

                                                                                                                                                                              3.5.2.2 Ensure default deny firewall policy

                                                                                                                                                                              Description:

                                                                                                                                                                              A default deny policy on connections ensures that any unconfigured network usage will be rejected.

                                                                                                                                                                              With a default accept policy the firewall will accept any packet that is not configured to be denied. It is easier to white list acceptable usage than to black list unacceptable usage.

                                                                                                                                                                              Run the following commands to implement a default deny policy:

                                                                                                                                                                              # ufw default deny incoming # ufw default deny outgoing # ufw default deny routed

                                                                                                                                                                              Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                              Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                              OR
                                                                                                                                                                              Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                              AND
                                                                                                                                                                              Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                              AND
                                                                                                                                                                              Script: sce/ufw_status.sh
                                                                                                                                                                              Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                              Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                              Output:
                                                                                                                                                                              • Missing ufw rule.
                                                                                                                                                                              Errors:
                                                                                                                                                                              • /root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_status.sh: line 10: ufw: command not found
                                                                                                                                                                              Script: sce/ufw_status.sh
                                                                                                                                                                              Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                              Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                              Output:
                                                                                                                                                                              • Missing ufw rule.
                                                                                                                                                                              Errors:
                                                                                                                                                                              • /root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_status.sh: line 10: ufw: command not found
                                                                                                                                                                              Script: sce/ufw_status.sh
                                                                                                                                                                              Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                              Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                              Output:
                                                                                                                                                                              • Missing ufw rule.
                                                                                                                                                                              Errors:
                                                                                                                                                                              • /root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_status.sh: line 10: ufw: command not found
                                                                                                                                                                              Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'ufw' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                              Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                              Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                              Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                              No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                                                              Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                              <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.2.2_Ensure_default_deny_firewall_policy"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.544Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
         <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
            <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                         negate="false"
                         multi-check="false">
               <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                                   value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807006_var"/>
               <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/ufw_status.sh"/>
               <xccdf:check-content>
                  <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_status.sh"
                                  href="sce/ufw_status.sh"
                                  xccdf="fail"
                                  exit-value="102">
                     <out>
                        <l>Missing ufw rule.</l>
                     </out>
                     <err>
                        <l>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_status.sh: line 10: ufw: command not found</l>
                     </err>
                     <env/>
                  </command_result>
               </xccdf:check-content>
               <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                  <div class="sce">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                              <td>sce/ufw_status.sh</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                              <td>102</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                              <td>
                                 <ul class="unstyled">
                                    <li>Missing ufw rule.</li>
                                 </ul>
                              </td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Errors:</td>
                              <td>
                                 <ul>
                                    <li>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_status.sh: line 10: ufw: command not found</li>
                                 </ul>
                              </td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </evidence>
            </xccdf:check>
            <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                         negate="false"
                         multi-check="false">
               <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                                   value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807011_var"/>
               <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/ufw_status.sh"/>
               <xccdf:check-content>
                  <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_status.sh"
                                  href="sce/ufw_status.sh"
                                  xccdf="fail"
                                  exit-value="102">
                     <out>
                        <l>Missing ufw rule.</l>
                     </out>
                     <err>
                        <l>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_status.sh: line 10: ufw: command not found</l>
                     </err>
                     <env/>
                  </command_result>
               </xccdf:check-content>
               <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                  <div class="sce">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                              <td>sce/ufw_status.sh</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                              <td>102</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                              <td>
                                 <ul class="unstyled">
                                    <li>Missing ufw rule.</li>
                                 </ul>
                              </td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Errors:</td>
                              <td>
                                 <ul>
                                    <li>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_status.sh: line 10: ufw: command not found</li>
                                 </ul>
                              </td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </evidence>
            </xccdf:check>
         </xccdf:complex-check>
         <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                                value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807015_var"/>
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/ufw_status.sh"/>
            <xccdf:check-content>
               <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_status.sh"
                               href="sce/ufw_status.sh"
                               xccdf="fail"
                               exit-value="102">
                  <out>
                     <l>Missing ufw rule.</l>
                  </out>
                  <err>
                     <l>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_status.sh: line 10: ufw: command not found</l>
                  </err>
                  <env/>
               </command_result>
            </xccdf:check-content>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="sce">
                  <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                     <tbody class="tbe">
                        <tr>
                           <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                           <td>sce/ufw_status.sh</td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                           <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                           <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                           <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                           <td>102</td>
                        </tr>
                     </tbody>
                  </table>
                  <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                     <tbody class="tbe">
                        <tr>
                           <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                           <td>
                              <ul class="unstyled">
                                 <li>Missing ufw rule.</li>
                              </ul>
                           </td>
                        </tr>
                     </tbody>
                  </table>
                  <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                     <tbody class="tbe">
                        <tr>
                           <td class="bold">Errors:</td>
                           <td>
                              <ul>
                                 <li>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_status.sh: line 10: ufw: command not found</li>
                              </ul>
                           </td>
                        </tr>
                     </tbody>
                  </table>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
      </xccdf:complex-check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807020"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807020">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807020"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'ufw' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                              References:

                                                                                                                                                                                CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                  CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                  Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                                                                                  Subcontrol: 9.4
                                                                                                                                                                                  Label: Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering
                                                                                                                                                                                  Description: Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed.

                                                                                                                                                                                Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                3.5.2.3 Ensure loopback traffic is configured

                                                                                                                                                                                Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                Configure the loopback interface to accept traffic. Configure all other interfaces to deny traffic to the loopback network (127.0.0.0/8 for IPv4 and ::1/128 for IPv6).

                                                                                                                                                                                Loopback traffic is generated between processes on machine and is typically critical to operation of the system. The loopback interface is the only place that loopback network (127.0.0.0/8 for IPv4 and ::1/128 for IPv6) traffic should be seen, all other interfaces should ignore traffic on this network as an anti-spoofing measure.

                                                                                                                                                                                Run the following commands to implement the loopback rules:

                                                                                                                                                                                # ufw allow in on lo # ufw deny in from 127.0.0.0/8 # ufw deny in from ::1

                                                                                                                                                                                Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                AND
                                                                                                                                                                                Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                OR
                                                                                                                                                                                Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                OR
                                                                                                                                                                                Script: sce/ufw_status.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                                Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                • Missing ufw rule.
                                                                                                                                                                                Errors:
                                                                                                                                                                                • /root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_status.sh: line 10: ufw: command not found
                                                                                                                                                                                Criterion: Ensure /boot/grub//grub.cfg contents Pattern Match ipv6\.disable=1 (string)
                                                                                                                                                                                Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                                Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'ufw' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                                Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                                Script: sce/ufw_status.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                                Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                • Missing ufw rule.
                                                                                                                                                                                Errors:
                                                                                                                                                                                • /root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_status.sh: line 10: ufw: command not found


                                                                                                                                                                                Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.2.3_Ensure_loopback_traffic_is_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.545Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
         <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
            <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                         negate="false"
                         multi-check="false">
               <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                                   value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807031_var"/>
               <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/ufw_status.sh"/>
               <xccdf:check-content>
                  <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_status.sh"
                                  href="sce/ufw_status.sh"
                                  xccdf="fail"
                                  exit-value="102">
                     <out>
                        <l>Missing ufw rule.</l>
                     </out>
                     <err>
                        <l>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_status.sh: line 10: ufw: command not found</l>
                     </err>
                     <env/>
                  </command_result>
               </xccdf:check-content>
               <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                  <div class="sce">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                              <td>sce/ufw_status.sh</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                              <td>102</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                              <td>
                                 <ul class="unstyled">
                                    <li>Missing ufw rule.</li>
                                 </ul>
                              </td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Errors:</td>
                              <td>
                                 <ul>
                                    <li>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_status.sh: line 10: ufw: command not found</li>
                                 </ul>
                              </td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </evidence>
            </xccdf:check>
            <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                         negate="false"
                         multi-check="false">
               <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:807038"
                                   value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_8070381_var"/>
               <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:8070382"
                                   value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_8070382_var"/>
               <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                        name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807038"/>
               <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                  <div class="definition"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807038">
                     <div class="criteria">
                        <div class="criterion"
                             id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807038"
                             check="all"
                             check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                           <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                    <td>Ensure /boot/grub//grub.cfg contents Pattern Match ipv6\.disable=1 (string)</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                    <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                    <td>All</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                    <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                              </tr>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </evidence>
            </xccdf:check>
         </xccdf:complex-check>
         <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                     name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807042"/>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="definition"
                    id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807042">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807042"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="none_exist">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure package name equals 'ufw' is not installed</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>None Exist</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
      </xccdf:complex-check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807026_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/ufw_status.sh"/>
         <xccdf:check-content>
            <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_status.sh"
                            href="sce/ufw_status.sh"
                            xccdf="fail"
                            exit-value="102">
               <out>
                  <l>Missing ufw rule.</l>
               </out>
               <err>
                  <l>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_status.sh: line 10: ufw: command not found</l>
               </err>
               <env/>
            </command_result>
         </xccdf:check-content>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="sce">
               <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                        <td>sce/ufw_status.sh</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                        <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                        <td>102</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                        <td>
                           <ul class="unstyled">
                              <li>Missing ufw rule.</li>
                           </ul>
                        </td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Errors:</td>
                        <td>
                           <ul>
                              <li>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_status.sh: line 10: ufw: command not found</li>
                           </ul>
                        </td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                References:

                                                                                                                                                                                  CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                  • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                    CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                    Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                                                                                    Subcontrol: 9.4
                                                                                                                                                                                    Label: Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering
                                                                                                                                                                                    Description: Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed.

                                                                                                                                                                                  Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                  Manual

                                                                                                                                                                                  3.5.2.4 Ensure outbound connections are configured

                                                                                                                                                                                  Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                  Configure the firewall rules for new outbound connections.

                                                                                                                                                                                  If rules are not in place for new outbound connections all packets will be dropped by the default policy preventing network usage.

                                                                                                                                                                                  Configure ufw in accordance with site policy. The following commands will implement a policy to allow all outbound connections on all interfaces:

                                                                                                                                                                                  # ufw allow out on all

                                                                                                                                                                                  Impact:

                                                                                                                                                                                  To enable connection to patch repositories, the following outbound needs to be enabled:

                                                                                                                                                                                  • DNS port (53) ufw allow out to any port 53
                                                                                                                                                                                  • HTTP port (80) ufw allow out to any port 80
                                                                                                                                                                                  • HTTPS port (443) ufw allow out to any port 443



                                                                                                                                                                                  Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                  <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.2.4_Ensure_outbound_connections_are_configured"
                   role="unscored"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.545Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="0.0">
   <xccdf:result>notchecked</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                  References:

                                                                                                                                                                                    CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                    • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                      CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                      Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                                                                                      Subcontrol: 9.4
                                                                                                                                                                                      Label: Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering
                                                                                                                                                                                      Description: Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed.

                                                                                                                                                                                    Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                    Manual

                                                                                                                                                                                    3.5.2.5 Ensure firewall rules exist for all open ports

                                                                                                                                                                                    Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                    Any ports that have been opened on non-loopback addresses need firewall rules to govern traffic.

                                                                                                                                                                                    Without a firewall rule configured for open ports default firewall policy will drop all packets to these ports.

                                                                                                                                                                                    For each port identified in the audit which does not have a firewall rule establish a proper rule for accepting inbound connections:

                                                                                                                                                                                    # ufw allow in <port>/<tcp or udp protocol>

                                                                                                                                                                                    Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                    Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                    OR
                                                                                                                                                                                    Script: sce/ufw_open_ports.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                    Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                    Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                                    Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                    • ufw missing a rule for an open port
                                                                                                                                                                                    Errors:
                                                                                                                                                                                    • /root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_open_ports.sh: line 13: ufw: command not found
                                                                                                                                                                                    • /root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_open_ports.sh: line 13: ufw: command not found
                                                                                                                                                                                    • /root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_open_ports.sh: line 13: ufw: command not found
                                                                                                                                                                                    • /root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_open_ports.sh: line 13: ufw: command not found
                                                                                                                                                                                    • /root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_open_ports.sh: line 13: ufw: command not found
                                                                                                                                                                                    • /root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_open_ports.sh: line 13: ufw: command not found
                                                                                                                                                                                    Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'ufw' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                                    Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                    Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                    Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                    No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                                                                    Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                    <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.2.5_Ensure_firewall_rules_exist_for_all_open_ports"
                   role="unscored"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.545Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="0.0">
   <xccdf:result>informational</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/ufw_open_ports.sh"/>
         <xccdf:check-content>
            <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_open_ports.sh"
                            href="sce/ufw_open_ports.sh"
                            xccdf="fail"
                            exit-value="102">
               <out>
                  <l>ufw missing a rule for an open port</l>
               </out>
               <err>
                  <l>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_open_ports.sh: line 13: ufw: command not found</l>
                  <l>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_open_ports.sh: line 13: ufw: command not found</l>
                  <l>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_open_ports.sh: line 13: ufw: command not found</l>
                  <l>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_open_ports.sh: line 13: ufw: command not found</l>
                  <l>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_open_ports.sh: line 13: ufw: command not found</l>
                  <l>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_open_ports.sh: line 13: ufw: command not found</l>
               </err>
               <env/>
            </command_result>
         </xccdf:check-content>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="sce">
               <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                        <td>sce/ufw_open_ports.sh</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                        <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                        <td>102</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                        <td>
                           <ul class="unstyled">
                              <li>ufw missing a rule for an open port</li>
                           </ul>
                        </td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Errors:</td>
                        <td>
                           <ul>
                              <li>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_open_ports.sh: line 13: ufw: command not found</li>
                              <li>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_open_ports.sh: line 13: ufw: command not found</li>
                              <li>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_open_ports.sh: line 13: ufw: command not found</li>
                              <li>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_open_ports.sh: line 13: ufw: command not found</li>
                              <li>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_open_ports.sh: line 13: ufw: command not found</li>
                              <li>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ufw_open_ports.sh: line 13: ufw: command not found</li>
                           </ul>
                        </td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807062"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807062">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807062"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'ufw' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                    References:

                                                                                                                                                                                      CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                      • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                        CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                        Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                                                                                        Subcontrol: 9.4
                                                                                                                                                                                        Label: Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering
                                                                                                                                                                                        Description: Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed.

                                                                                                                                                                                      Back to Summary

                                                                                                                                                                                      3.5.3 Configure nftables

                                                                                                                                                                                      nftables is a subsystem of the Linux kernel providing filtering and classification of network packets/datagrams/frames and is the successor to iptables. The biggest change with the successor nftables is its simplicity. With iptables, we have to configure every single rule and use the syntax which can be compared with normal commands. With nftables, the simpler syntax, much like BPF (Berkely Packet Filter) means shorter lines and less repetition. Support for nftables should also be compiled into the kernel, together with the related nftables modules. Please ensure that your kernel supports nf_tables before choosing this option.

                                                                                                                                                                                      Note: This section broadly assumes starting with an empty nftables firewall ruleset (established by flushing the rules with nft flush ruleset). Remediation steps included onlyaffect the live system, you will also need to configure your default firewall configuration to apply on boot. Configuration of a live systems firewall directly over a remote connection will often result in being locked out. It is advised to have a known good firewall configuration set to run on boot and to configure an entire firewall structure in a script that is then run and tested before saving to boot.

                                                                                                                                                                                      The following will implement the firewall rules of this section and open ICMP, IGMP, and port 22(ssh) from anywhere. Opening the ports for ICMP, IGMP, and port 22(ssh) needs to be updated in accordence with local site policy. Allow port 22(ssh) needs to be updated to only allow systems requiring ssh connectivity to connect, as per site policy.

                                                                                                                                                                                      Save the script bellow as /etc/nftables/nftables.rules

                                                                                                                                                                                      #!/sbin/nft -f



                                                                                                                                                                                      # This nftables.rules config should be saved as /etc/nftables/nftables.rules



                                                                                                                                                                                      # flush nftables rulesset

                                                                                                                                                                                      flush ruleset



                                                                                                                                                                                      # Load nftables ruleset



                                                                                                                                                                                      # nftables config with inet table named filter



                                                                                                                                                                                      table inet filter {

                                                                                                                                                                                      # Base chain for input hook named input (Filters inbound network packets)

                                                                                                                                                                                      chain input {

                                                                                                                                                                                      type filter hook input priority 0; policy drop;



                                                                                                                                                                                      # Ensure loopback traffic is configured

                                                                                                                                                                                      iif "lo" accept

                                                                                                                                                                                      ip saddr 127.0.0.0/8 counter packets 0 bytes 0 drop

                                                                                                                                                                                      ip6 saddr ::1 counter packets 0 bytes 0 drop



                                                                                                                                                                                      # Ensure established connections are configured

                                                                                                                                                                                      ip protocol tcp ct state established accept

                                                                                                                                                                                      ip protocol udp ct state established accept

                                                                                                                                                                                      ip protocol icmp ct state established accept



                                                                                                                                                                                      # Accept port 22(SSH) traffic from anywhere

                                                                                                                                                                                      tcp dport ssh accept



                                                                                                                                                                                      # Accept ICMP and IGMP from anywhere

                                                                                                                                                                                      icmpv6 type { destination-unreachable, packet-too-big, time-exceeded, parameter-problem, mld-listener-query, mld-listener-report, mld-listener-done, nd-

                                                                                                                                                                                      router-solicit, nd-router-advert, nd-neighbor-solicit, nd-neighbor-advert, ind-neighbor-solicit, ind-neighbor-advert, mld2-listener-report } accept

                                                                                                                                                                                      icmp type { destination-unreachable, router-advertisement, router-solicitation, time-exceeded, parameter-problem } accept

                                                                                                                                                                                      ip protocol igmp accept

                                                                                                                                                                                      }



                                                                                                                                                                                      # Base chain for hook forward named forward (Filters forwarded network packets)

                                                                                                                                                                                      chain forward {

                                                                                                                                                                                      type filter hook forward priority 0; policy drop;

                                                                                                                                                                                      }



                                                                                                                                                                                      # Base chain for hook output named output (Filters outbount network packets)

                                                                                                                                                                                      chain output {

                                                                                                                                                                                      type filter hook output priority 0; policy drop;

                                                                                                                                                                                      # Ensure outbound and established connections are configured

                                                                                                                                                                                      ip protocol tcp ct state established,related,new accept

                                                                                                                                                                                      ip protocol udp ct state established,related,new accept

                                                                                                                                                                                      ip protocol icmp ct state established,related,new accept

                                                                                                                                                                                      }

                                                                                                                                                                                      }

                                                                                                                                                                                      Run the following command to load the file into nftables

                                                                                                                                                                                      # nft -f /etc/nftables/nftables.rules

                                                                                                                                                                                      All changes in the nftables subsections are temporary.

                                                                                                                                                                                      To make these changes permanent:

                                                                                                                                                                                      Run the following command to create the nftables.rules file

                                                                                                                                                                                      nft list ruleset > /etc/nftables/nftables.rules

                                                                                                                                                                                      Add the following line to /etc/sysconfig/nftables.conf

                                                                                                                                                                                      include "/etc/nftables/nftables.rules"
                                                                                                                                                                                      Manual

                                                                                                                                                                                      3.5.3.1 Ensure iptables are flushed

                                                                                                                                                                                      Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                      nftables is a replacement for iptables, ip6tables, ebtables and arptables

                                                                                                                                                                                      It is possible to mix iptables and nftables. However, this increases complexity and also the chance to introduce errors. For simplicity flush out all iptables rules, and ensure it is not loaded

                                                                                                                                                                                      Run the following commands to flush iptables:

                                                                                                                                                                                      For iptables:

                                                                                                                                                                                      # iptables -F

                                                                                                                                                                                      For ip6tables

                                                                                                                                                                                      # ip6tables -F



                                                                                                                                                                                      Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                      <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.1_Ensure_iptables_are_flushed"
                   role="unscored"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.545Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="0.0">
   <xccdf:result>notchecked</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                      References:

                                                                                                                                                                                        CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                        • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                          CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                          Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                                                                                          Subcontrol: 9.4
                                                                                                                                                                                          Label: Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering
                                                                                                                                                                                          Description: Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed.

                                                                                                                                                                                        Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                        Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                        3.5.3.2 Ensure a table exists

                                                                                                                                                                                        Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                        Tables hold chains. Each table only has one address family and only applies to packets of this family. Tables can have one of five families.

                                                                                                                                                                                        nftables doesn't have any default tables. Without a table being build, nftables will not filter network traffic.

                                                                                                                                                                                        Run the following command to create a table in nftables

                                                                                                                                                                                        # nft create table inet <table name>

                                                                                                                                                                                        Example:

                                                                                                                                                                                        # nft create table inet filter

                                                                                                                                                                                        Impact:

                                                                                                                                                                                        Adding rules to a running nftables can cause loss of connectivity to the system

                                                                                                                                                                                        Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                        Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                        OR
                                                                                                                                                                                        Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                        OR
                                                                                                                                                                                        Script: sce/nft_tables.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                        Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                        Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                                        Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                        • Missing nftables rule.
                                                                                                                                                                                        Errors:
                                                                                                                                                                                        • /root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_tables.sh: line 11: nft: command not found
                                                                                                                                                                                        Criterion: Ensure standard service 'nftables' is disabled
                                                                                                                                                                                        Existence Check: Any Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                        Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                        Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                        Systemdunitproperty Item
                                                                                                                                                                                        Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                        Unit String Exists nftables
                                                                                                                                                                                        Property String Exists UnitFileState
                                                                                                                                                                                        Value String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                        Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'nftables' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                                        Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                        Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                        Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                        No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                                                                        Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                        <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.2_Ensure_a_table_exists"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.546Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
         <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                                value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807064_var"/>
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nft_tables.sh"/>
            <xccdf:check-content>
               <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_tables.sh"
                               href="sce/nft_tables.sh"
                               xccdf="fail"
                               exit-value="102">
                  <out>
                     <l>Missing nftables rule.</l>
                  </out>
                  <err>
                     <l>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_tables.sh: line 11: nft: command not found</l>
                  </err>
                  <env/>
               </command_result>
            </xccdf:check-content>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="sce">
                  <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                     <tbody class="tbe">
                        <tr>
                           <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                           <td>sce/nft_tables.sh</td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                           <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                           <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                           <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                           <td>102</td>
                        </tr>
                     </tbody>
                  </table>
                  <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                     <tbody class="tbe">
                        <tr>
                           <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                           <td>
                              <ul class="unstyled">
                                 <li>Missing nftables rule.</li>
                              </ul>
                           </td>
                        </tr>
                     </tbody>
                  </table>
                  <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                     <tbody class="tbe">
                        <tr>
                           <td class="bold">Errors:</td>
                           <td>
                              <ul>
                                 <li>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_tables.sh: line 11: nft: command not found</li>
                              </ul>
                           </td>
                        </tr>
                     </tbody>
                  </table>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
         <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                     name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807076"/>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="definition"
                    id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807076">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807076"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="any_exist">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure standard service 'nftables' is disabled</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>Any Exist</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
                           <thead>
                              <tr>
                                 <th scope="col">Name</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Type</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Status</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Value</th>
                              </tr>
                           </thead>
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Unit</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>nftables</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Property</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>UnitFileState</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr class="evaluated">
                                 <td>Value</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>No Value</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
      </xccdf:complex-check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807083"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807083">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807083"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'nftables' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                        References:

                                                                                                                                                                                          CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                          • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                            CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                            Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                                                                                            Subcontrol: 9.4
                                                                                                                                                                                            Label: Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering
                                                                                                                                                                                            Description: Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed.

                                                                                                                                                                                          Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                          Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                          3.5.3.3 Ensure base chains exist

                                                                                                                                                                                          Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                          Chains are containers for rules. They exist in two kinds, base chains and regular chains. A base chain is an entry point for packets from the networking stack, a regular chain may be used as jump target and is used for better rule organization.

                                                                                                                                                                                          If a base chain doesn't exist with a hook for input, forward, and delete, packets that would flow through those chains will not be touched by nftables.

                                                                                                                                                                                          Run the following command to create the base chains:

                                                                                                                                                                                          # nft create chain inet <table name> <base chain name> { type filter hook <(input|forward|output)> priority 0 \; }

                                                                                                                                                                                          Example:

                                                                                                                                                                                          # nft create chain inet filter input { type filter hook input priority 0 \; }



                                                                                                                                                                                          # nft create chain inet filter forward { type filter hook forward priority 0 \; }



                                                                                                                                                                                          # nft create chain inet filter output { type filter hook output priority 0 \; }

                                                                                                                                                                                          Impact:

                                                                                                                                                                                          if configuring nftables over ssh, creating a base chain with a policy of drop will cause loss of connectivity.

                                                                                                                                                                                          Ensure that a rule allowing ssh has been added to the base chain prior to setting the base chain's policy to drop

                                                                                                                                                                                          Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                          Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                          OR
                                                                                                                                                                                          Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                          OR
                                                                                                                                                                                          Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                          AND
                                                                                                                                                                                          Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                          AND
                                                                                                                                                                                          Script: sce/nft_ruleset.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                          Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                          Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                                          Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Missing nftables rule.
                                                                                                                                                                                          Errors:
                                                                                                                                                                                          • /root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_ruleset.sh: line 10: nft: command not found
                                                                                                                                                                                          Script: sce/nft_ruleset.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                          Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                          Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                                          Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Missing nftables rule.
                                                                                                                                                                                          Errors:
                                                                                                                                                                                          • /root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_ruleset.sh: line 10: nft: command not found
                                                                                                                                                                                          Script: sce/nft_ruleset.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                          Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                          Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                                          Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                          • Missing nftables rule.
                                                                                                                                                                                          Errors:
                                                                                                                                                                                          • /root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_ruleset.sh: line 10: nft: command not found
                                                                                                                                                                                          Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'nftablles' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                                          Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                          Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                          Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                          No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                                          Criterion: Ensure standard service 'nftablles' is disabled
                                                                                                                                                                                          Existence Check: Any Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                          Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                          Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                          Systemdunitproperty Item
                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                          Unit String Exists nftablles
                                                                                                                                                                                          Property String Exists UnitFileState
                                                                                                                                                                                          Value String Exists No Value


                                                                                                                                                                                          Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                          <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.3_Ensure_base_chains_exist"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.547Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
         <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
            <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
               <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                            negate="false"
                            multi-check="false">
                  <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                                      value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807099_var"/>
                  <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nft_ruleset.sh"/>
                  <xccdf:check-content>
                     <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_ruleset.sh"
                                     href="sce/nft_ruleset.sh"
                                     xccdf="fail"
                                     exit-value="102">
                        <out>
                           <l>Missing nftables rule.</l>
                        </out>
                        <err>
                           <l>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_ruleset.sh: line 10: nft: command not found</l>
                        </err>
                        <env/>
                     </command_result>
                  </xccdf:check-content>
                  <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                     <div class="sce">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                                 <td>sce/nft_ruleset.sh</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                                 <td>102</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                                 <td>
                                    <ul class="unstyled">
                                       <li>Missing nftables rule.</li>
                                    </ul>
                                 </td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Errors:</td>
                                 <td>
                                    <ul>
                                       <li>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_ruleset.sh: line 10: nft: command not found</li>
                                    </ul>
                                 </td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </evidence>
               </xccdf:check>
               <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                            negate="false"
                            multi-check="false">
                  <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                                      value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807108_var"/>
                  <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nft_ruleset.sh"/>
                  <xccdf:check-content>
                     <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_ruleset.sh"
                                     href="sce/nft_ruleset.sh"
                                     xccdf="fail"
                                     exit-value="102">
                        <out>
                           <l>Missing nftables rule.</l>
                        </out>
                        <err>
                           <l>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_ruleset.sh: line 10: nft: command not found</l>
                        </err>
                        <env/>
                     </command_result>
                  </xccdf:check-content>
                  <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                     <div class="sce">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                                 <td>sce/nft_ruleset.sh</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                                 <td>102</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                                 <td>
                                    <ul class="unstyled">
                                       <li>Missing nftables rule.</li>
                                    </ul>
                                 </td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Errors:</td>
                                 <td>
                                    <ul>
                                       <li>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_ruleset.sh: line 10: nft: command not found</li>
                                    </ul>
                                 </td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </evidence>
               </xccdf:check>
            </xccdf:complex-check>
            <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                         negate="false"
                         multi-check="false">
               <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                                   value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807116_var"/>
               <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nft_ruleset.sh"/>
               <xccdf:check-content>
                  <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_ruleset.sh"
                                  href="sce/nft_ruleset.sh"
                                  xccdf="fail"
                                  exit-value="102">
                     <out>
                        <l>Missing nftables rule.</l>
                     </out>
                     <err>
                        <l>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_ruleset.sh: line 10: nft: command not found</l>
                     </err>
                     <env/>
                  </command_result>
               </xccdf:check-content>
               <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                  <div class="sce">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                              <td>sce/nft_ruleset.sh</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                              <td>102</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                              <td>
                                 <ul class="unstyled">
                                    <li>Missing nftables rule.</li>
                                 </ul>
                              </td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Errors:</td>
                              <td>
                                 <ul>
                                    <li>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_ruleset.sh: line 10: nft: command not found</li>
                                 </ul>
                              </td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </evidence>
            </xccdf:check>
         </xccdf:complex-check>
         <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                     name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807119"/>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="definition"
                    id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807119">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807119"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="none_exist">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure package name equals 'nftablles' is not installed</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>None Exist</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
      </xccdf:complex-check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807122"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807122">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807122"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="any_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure standard service 'nftablles' is disabled</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>Any Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Unit</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>nftablles</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Property</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>UnitFileState</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                          References:

                                                                                                                                                                                            CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                            • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                              CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                              Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                                                                                              Subcontrol: 9.4
                                                                                                                                                                                              Label: Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering
                                                                                                                                                                                              Description: Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed.

                                                                                                                                                                                            Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                            Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                            3.5.3.4 Ensure loopback traffic is configured

                                                                                                                                                                                            Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                            Configure the loopback interface to accept traffic. Configure all other interfaces to deny traffic to the loopback network

                                                                                                                                                                                            Loopback traffic is generated between processes on machine and is typically critical to operation of the system. The loopback interface is the only place that loopback network traffic should be seen, all other interfaces should ignore traffic on this network as an anti-spoofing measure.

                                                                                                                                                                                            Run the following commands to implement the loopback rules:

                                                                                                                                                                                            # nft add rule inet filter input iif lo accept # nft create rule inet filter input ip saddr 127.0.0.0/8 counter drop # nft add rule inet filter input ip6 saddr ::1 counter drop

                                                                                                                                                                                            Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                            Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                            OR
                                                                                                                                                                                            Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                            OR
                                                                                                                                                                                            Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                            AND
                                                                                                                                                                                            Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                            AND
                                                                                                                                                                                            Script: sce/nft_ruleset_basechain.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                            Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                            Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                                            Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                            • "^\s*iif\s+"lo"\s+accept" not found in nftable input basechain
                                                                                                                                                                                            Errors:
                                                                                                                                                                                            • /root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_ruleset_basechain.sh: line 10: nft: command not found
                                                                                                                                                                                            Script: sce/nft_ruleset_basechain.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                            Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                            Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                                            Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                            • "^\s*ip\s+saddr\s+127\.0\.0\.0\/8\s+counter\s+packets\s+0\s+bytes\s+0\s+drop" not found in nftable input basechain
                                                                                                                                                                                            Errors:
                                                                                                                                                                                            • /root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_ruleset_basechain.sh: line 10: nft: command not found
                                                                                                                                                                                            Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                            OR
                                                                                                                                                                                            Script: sce/nft_ruleset_basechain.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                            Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                            Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                                            Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                            • "^\s*ip6\s+saddr\s+\:\:1\s+counter\s+packets\s+0\s+bytes\s+0\s+drop" not found in nftable input basechain
                                                                                                                                                                                            Errors:
                                                                                                                                                                                            • /root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_ruleset_basechain.sh: line 10: nft: command not found
                                                                                                                                                                                            Criterion: Ensure /boot/grub//grub.cfg contents Pattern Match ipv6\.disable=1 (string)
                                                                                                                                                                                            Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                            Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                            No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                                            Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'nftables' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                                            Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                            Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                            No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                                            Criterion: Ensure standard service 'nftables' is disabled
                                                                                                                                                                                            Existence Check: Any Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                            Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                            Systemdunitproperty Item
                                                                                                                                                                                            Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                            Unit String Exists nftables
                                                                                                                                                                                            Property String Exists UnitFileState
                                                                                                                                                                                            Value String Exists No Value


                                                                                                                                                                                            Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                            <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.4_Ensure_loopback_traffic_is_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.548Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
         <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
            <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
               <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                            negate="false"
                            multi-check="false">
                  <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                                      value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807125_var"/>
                  <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nft_ruleset_basechain.sh"/>
                  <xccdf:check-content>
                     <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_ruleset_basechain.sh"
                                     href="sce/nft_ruleset_basechain.sh"
                                     xccdf="fail"
                                     exit-value="102">
                        <out>
                           <l>"^\s*iif\s+"lo"\s+accept" not found in nftable input basechain</l>
                        </out>
                        <err>
                           <l>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_ruleset_basechain.sh: line 10: nft: command not found</l>
                        </err>
                        <env/>
                     </command_result>
                  </xccdf:check-content>
                  <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                     <div class="sce">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                                 <td>sce/nft_ruleset_basechain.sh</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                                 <td>102</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                                 <td>
                                    <ul class="unstyled">
                                       <li>"^\s*iif\s+"lo"\s+accept" not found in nftable input basechain</li>
                                    </ul>
                                 </td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Errors:</td>
                                 <td>
                                    <ul>
                                       <li>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_ruleset_basechain.sh: line 10: nft: command not found</li>
                                    </ul>
                                 </td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </evidence>
               </xccdf:check>
               <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                            negate="false"
                            multi-check="false">
                  <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                                      value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807128_var"/>
                  <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nft_ruleset_basechain.sh"/>
                  <xccdf:check-content>
                     <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_ruleset_basechain.sh"
                                     href="sce/nft_ruleset_basechain.sh"
                                     xccdf="fail"
                                     exit-value="102">
                        <out>
                           <l>"^\s*ip\s+saddr\s+127\.0\.0\.0\/8\s+counter\s+packets\s+0\s+bytes\s+0\s+drop" not found in nftable input basechain</l>
                        </out>
                        <err>
                           <l>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_ruleset_basechain.sh: line 10: nft: command not found</l>
                        </err>
                        <env/>
                     </command_result>
                  </xccdf:check-content>
                  <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                     <div class="sce">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                                 <td>sce/nft_ruleset_basechain.sh</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                                 <td>102</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                                 <td>
                                    <ul class="unstyled">
                                       <li>"^\s*ip\s+saddr\s+127\.0\.0\.0\/8\s+counter\s+packets\s+0\s+bytes\s+0\s+drop" not found in nftable input basechain</li>
                                    </ul>
                                 </td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Errors:</td>
                                 <td>
                                    <ul>
                                       <li>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_ruleset_basechain.sh: line 10: nft: command not found</li>
                                    </ul>
                                 </td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </evidence>
               </xccdf:check>
            </xccdf:complex-check>
            <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
               <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                            negate="false"
                            multi-check="false">
                  <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                                      value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807130_var"/>
                  <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nft_ruleset_basechain.sh"/>
                  <xccdf:check-content>
                     <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_ruleset_basechain.sh"
                                     href="sce/nft_ruleset_basechain.sh"
                                     xccdf="fail"
                                     exit-value="102">
                        <out>
                           <l>"^\s*ip6\s+saddr\s+\:\:1\s+counter\s+packets\s+0\s+bytes\s+0\s+drop" not found in nftable input basechain</l>
                        </out>
                        <err>
                           <l>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_ruleset_basechain.sh: line 10: nft: command not found</l>
                        </err>
                        <env/>
                     </command_result>
                  </xccdf:check-content>
                  <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                     <div class="sce">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                                 <td>sce/nft_ruleset_basechain.sh</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                                 <td>102</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                                 <td>
                                    <ul class="unstyled">
                                       <li>"^\s*ip6\s+saddr\s+\:\:1\s+counter\s+packets\s+0\s+bytes\s+0\s+drop" not found in nftable input basechain</li>
                                    </ul>
                                 </td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Errors:</td>
                                 <td>
                                    <ul>
                                       <li>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_ruleset_basechain.sh: line 10: nft: command not found</li>
                                    </ul>
                                 </td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </evidence>
               </xccdf:check>
               <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                            negate="false"
                            multi-check="false">
                  <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:807132"
                                      value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_8071321_var"/>
                  <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:8071322"
                                      value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_8071322_var"/>
                  <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                           name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807132"/>
                  <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                     <div class="definition"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807132">
                        <div class="criteria">
                           <div class="criterion"
                                id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807132"
                                check="all"
                                check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                              <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                                 <tbody class="tbe">
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                       <td>Ensure /boot/grub//grub.cfg contents Pattern Match ipv6\.disable=1 (string)</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                       <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                       <td>All</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                       <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                    </tr>
                                 </tbody>
                              </table>
                              <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </table>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </evidence>
               </xccdf:check>
            </xccdf:complex-check>
            <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                         negate="false"
                         multi-check="false">
               <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                        name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807134"/>
               <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                  <div class="definition"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807134">
                     <div class="criteria">
                        <div class="criterion"
                             id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807134"
                             check="all"
                             check_existence="none_exist">
                           <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                    <td>Ensure package name equals 'nftables' is not installed</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                    <td>None Exist</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                    <td>All</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                    <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                              </tr>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </evidence>
            </xccdf:check>
         </xccdf:complex-check>
         <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                     name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807136"/>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="definition"
                    id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807136">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807136"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="any_exist">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure standard service 'nftables' is disabled</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>Any Exist</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
                           <thead>
                              <tr>
                                 <th scope="col">Name</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Type</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Status</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Value</th>
                              </tr>
                           </thead>
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Unit</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>nftables</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Property</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>UnitFileState</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr class="evaluated">
                                 <td>Value</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>No Value</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
      </xccdf:complex-check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                            References:

                                                                                                                                                                                              CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                              • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                                                                                                Subcontrol: 9.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                Label: Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering
                                                                                                                                                                                                Description: Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed.

                                                                                                                                                                                              Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                              Manual

                                                                                                                                                                                              3.5.3.5 Ensure outbound and established connections are configured

                                                                                                                                                                                              Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                              Configure the firewall rules for new outbound, and established connections

                                                                                                                                                                                              If rules are not in place for new outbound, and established connections all packets will be dropped by the default policy preventing network usage.

                                                                                                                                                                                              Configure nftables in accordance with site policy. The following commands will implement a policy to allow all outbound connections and all established connections:

                                                                                                                                                                                              # nft add rule inet filter input ip protocol tcp ct state established accept



                                                                                                                                                                                              # nft add rule inet filter input ip protocol udp ct state established accept



                                                                                                                                                                                              # nft add rule inet filter input ip protocol icmp ct state established accept



                                                                                                                                                                                              # nft add rule inet filter output ip protocol tcp ct state new,related,established accept



                                                                                                                                                                                              # nft add rule inet filter output ip protocol udp ct state new,related,established accept



                                                                                                                                                                                              # nft add rule inet filter output ip protocol icmp ct state new,related,established accept



                                                                                                                                                                                              Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                              <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.5_Ensure_outbound_and_established_connections_are_configured"
                   role="unscored"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.548Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="0.0">
   <xccdf:result>notchecked</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                              References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                  CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                  Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                                                                                                  Subcontrol: 9.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                  Label: Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering
                                                                                                                                                                                                  Description: Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed.

                                                                                                                                                                                                Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                3.5.3.6 Ensure default deny firewall policy

                                                                                                                                                                                                Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                Base chain policy is the default verdict that will be applied to packets reaching the end of the chain.

                                                                                                                                                                                                There are two policies: accept (Default) and drop. If the policy is set to accept , the firewall will accept any packet that is not configured to be denied and the packet will continue transversing the network stack.

                                                                                                                                                                                                It is easier to white list acceptable usage than to black list unacceptable usage.

                                                                                                                                                                                                Run the following command for the base chains with the input, forward, and output hooks to implement a default DROP policy:

                                                                                                                                                                                                # nft chain <table family> <table name> <chain name> { policy drop \; }

                                                                                                                                                                                                Example:

                                                                                                                                                                                                # nft chain inet filter input { policy drop \; }



                                                                                                                                                                                                # nft chain inet filter forward { policy drop \; }



                                                                                                                                                                                                # nft chain inet filter output { policy drop \; }

                                                                                                                                                                                                Impact:

                                                                                                                                                                                                if configuring nftables over ssh, creating a base chain with a policy of drop will cause loss of connectivity.

                                                                                                                                                                                                Ensure that a rule allowing ssh has been added to the base chain prior to setting the base chain's policy to drop

                                                                                                                                                                                                Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                Script: sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                                                Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                                • "input" basechain does not have a default drop policy
                                                                                                                                                                                                Errors:
                                                                                                                                                                                                • /root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh: line 12: nft: command not found
                                                                                                                                                                                                Script: sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                                                Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                                • "forward" basechain does not have a default drop policy
                                                                                                                                                                                                Errors:
                                                                                                                                                                                                • /root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh: line 12: nft: command not found
                                                                                                                                                                                                Script: sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                                                Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                                • "output" basechain does not have a default drop policy
                                                                                                                                                                                                Errors:
                                                                                                                                                                                                • /root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh: line 12: nft: command not found
                                                                                                                                                                                                Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'nftables' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                                                Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                                                Criterion: Ensure standard service 'nftables' is disabled
                                                                                                                                                                                                Existence Check: Any Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                Systemdunitproperty Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                Unit String Exists nftables
                                                                                                                                                                                                Property String Exists UnitFileState
                                                                                                                                                                                                Value String Exists No Value


                                                                                                                                                                                                Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.6_Ensure_default_deny_firewall_policy"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.548Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident system="http://cce.mitre.org">Manual Page nft</xccdf:ident>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
         <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
            <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
               <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                            negate="false"
                            multi-check="false">
                  <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                                      value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807003_var"/>
                  <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh"/>
                  <xccdf:check-content>
                     <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh"
                                     href="sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh"
                                     xccdf="fail"
                                     exit-value="102">
                        <out>
                           <l>"input" basechain does not have a default drop policy</l>
                        </out>
                        <err>
                           <l>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh: line 12: nft: command not found</l>
                        </err>
                        <env/>
                     </command_result>
                  </xccdf:check-content>
                  <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                     <div class="sce">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                                 <td>sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                                 <td>102</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                                 <td>
                                    <ul class="unstyled">
                                       <li>"input" basechain does not have a default drop policy</li>
                                    </ul>
                                 </td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Errors:</td>
                                 <td>
                                    <ul>
                                       <li>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh: line 12: nft: command not found</li>
                                    </ul>
                                 </td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </evidence>
               </xccdf:check>
               <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                            negate="false"
                            multi-check="false">
                  <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                                      value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807014_var"/>
                  <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh"/>
                  <xccdf:check-content>
                     <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh"
                                     href="sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh"
                                     xccdf="fail"
                                     exit-value="102">
                        <out>
                           <l>"forward" basechain does not have a default drop policy</l>
                        </out>
                        <err>
                           <l>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh: line 12: nft: command not found</l>
                        </err>
                        <env/>
                     </command_result>
                  </xccdf:check-content>
                  <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                     <div class="sce">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                                 <td>sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                                 <td>102</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                                 <td>
                                    <ul class="unstyled">
                                       <li>"forward" basechain does not have a default drop policy</li>
                                    </ul>
                                 </td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Errors:</td>
                                 <td>
                                    <ul>
                                       <li>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh: line 12: nft: command not found</li>
                                    </ul>
                                 </td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </evidence>
               </xccdf:check>
            </xccdf:complex-check>
            <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                         negate="false"
                         multi-check="false">
               <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                                   value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807024_var"/>
               <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh"/>
               <xccdf:check-content>
                  <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh"
                                  href="sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh"
                                  xccdf="fail"
                                  exit-value="102">
                     <out>
                        <l>"output" basechain does not have a default drop policy</l>
                     </out>
                     <err>
                        <l>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh: line 12: nft: command not found</l>
                     </err>
                     <env/>
                  </command_result>
               </xccdf:check-content>
               <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                  <div class="sce">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                              <td>sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                              <td>102</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                              <td>
                                 <ul class="unstyled">
                                    <li>"output" basechain does not have a default drop policy</li>
                                 </ul>
                              </td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Errors:</td>
                              <td>
                                 <ul>
                                    <li>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/nft_ruleset_drop.sh: line 12: nft: command not found</li>
                                 </ul>
                              </td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </evidence>
            </xccdf:check>
         </xccdf:complex-check>
         <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                     name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807037"/>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="definition"
                    id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807037">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807037"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="none_exist">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure package name equals 'nftables' is not installed</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>None Exist</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
      </xccdf:complex-check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807048"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807048">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807048"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="any_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure standard service 'nftables' is disabled</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>Any Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Unit</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>nftables</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Property</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>UnitFileState</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                • CCE-IDv5: Manual Page nft -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                  CCE Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                  CCE-IDv5: Manual Page nft
                                                                                                                                                                                                  Published On:
                                                                                                                                                                                                  Last Modified On:

                                                                                                                                                                                                CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                  CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                  Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                                                                                                  Subcontrol: 9.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                  Label: Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering
                                                                                                                                                                                                  Description: Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed.

                                                                                                                                                                                                Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                3.5.3.7 Ensure nftables service is enabled

                                                                                                                                                                                                Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                The nftables service allows for the loading of nftables rulesets during boot, or starting on the nftables service

                                                                                                                                                                                                The nftables service restores the nftables rules from the rules files referenced in the /etc/sysconfig/nftables.conf file durring boot or the starting of the nftables service

                                                                                                                                                                                                Run the following command to enable the nftables service:

                                                                                                                                                                                                # systemctl enable nftables

                                                                                                                                                                                                Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                Criterion: Ensure standard service 'nftables' is enabled
                                                                                                                                                                                                Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                Systemdunitproperty Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                Unit String Exists nftables
                                                                                                                                                                                                Property String Exists UnitFileState
                                                                                                                                                                                                Value String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'nftables' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                                                Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                                                                                Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.7_Ensure_nftables_service_is_enabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.548Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807139"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807139">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807139"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure standard service 'nftables' is enabled</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Unit</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>nftables</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Property</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>UnitFileState</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807140"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807140">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807140"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'nftables' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                  CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                    CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Subcontrol: 9.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Label: Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Description: Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed.

                                                                                                                                                                                                  Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                  Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                  3.5.3.8 Ensure nftables rules are permanent

                                                                                                                                                                                                  Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                  nftables is a subsystem of the Linux kernel providing filtering and classification of network packets/datagrams/frames.

                                                                                                                                                                                                  The nftables service reads the /etc/sysconfig/nftables.conf file for a nftables file or files to include in the nftables ruleset.

                                                                                                                                                                                                  A nftables ruleset containing the input, forward, and output base chains allow network traffic to be filtered.

                                                                                                                                                                                                  Changes made to nftables ruleset only affect the live system, you will also need to configure the nftables ruleset to apply on boot

                                                                                                                                                                                                  Edit the /etc/sysconfig/nftables.conf file and un-comment or add a line with include <Absolute path to nftables rules file> for each nftables file you want included in the nftables ruleset on boot

                                                                                                                                                                                                  example:

                                                                                                                                                                                                  # vi /etc/sysconfig/nftables.conf

                                                                                                                                                                                                  Add the line:

                                                                                                                                                                                                  include "/etc/nftables/nftables.rules"

                                                                                                                                                                                                  Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                  Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                  OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                  Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/sysconfig/nftables.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*include
                                                                                                                                                                                                  Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                  Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                  Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                  No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                                                  Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'nftables' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                                                  Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                  Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                  Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                  No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                                                                                  Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                  <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.3.8_Ensure_nftables_rules_are_permanent"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.548Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807142"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807142">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807142"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/sysconfig/nftables.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*include</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807144"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807144">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807144"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'nftables' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                  References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                    CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                      CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Subcontrol: 9.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Label: Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Description: Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed.

                                                                                                                                                                                                    Back to Summary

                                                                                                                                                                                                    3.5.4 Configure iptables

                                                                                                                                                                                                    IPtables is an application that allows a system administrator to configure the IPv4 and IPv6 tables, chains and rules provided by the Linux kernel firewall. While several methods of configuration exist this section is intended only to ensure the resulting IPtables rules are in place, not how they are configured. If IPv6 is in use in your environment, similar settings should be applied to the IP6tables as well.

                                                                                                                                                                                                    3.5.4.1 Configure IPv4 iptables

                                                                                                                                                                                                    Iptables is used to set up, maintain, and inspect the tables of IP packet filter rules in the Linux kernel. Several different tables may be defined. Each table contains a number of built-in chains and may also contain user-defined chains.

                                                                                                                                                                                                    Each chain is a list of rules which can match a set of packets. Each rule specifies what to do with a packet that matches. This is called a 'target', which may be a jump to a user-defined chain in the same table.

                                                                                                                                                                                                    Note: This section broadly assumes starting with an empty IPtables firewall ruleset (established by flushing the rules with iptables -F). Remediation steps included only affect the live system, you will also need to configure your default firewall configuration to apply on boot. Configuration of a live systems firewall directly over a remote connection will often result in being locked out. It is advised to have a known good firewall configuration set to run on boot and to configure an entire firewall structure in a script that is then run and tested before saving to boot. The following script will implement the firewall rules of this section and open port 22(ssh) from anywhere:

                                                                                                                                                                                                    #!/bin/bash



                                                                                                                                                                                                    # Flush IPtables rules

                                                                                                                                                                                                    iptables -F



                                                                                                                                                                                                    # Ensure default deny firewall policy

                                                                                                                                                                                                    iptables -P INPUT DROP

                                                                                                                                                                                                    iptables -P OUTPUT DROP

                                                                                                                                                                                                    iptables -P FORWARD DROP



                                                                                                                                                                                                    # Ensure loopback traffic is configured

                                                                                                                                                                                                    iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT

                                                                                                                                                                                                    iptables -A OUTPUT -o lo -j ACCEPT

                                                                                                                                                                                                    iptables -A INPUT -s 127.0.0.0/8 -j DROP



                                                                                                                                                                                                    # Ensure outbound and established connections are configured

                                                                                                                                                                                                    iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

                                                                                                                                                                                                    iptables -A OUTPUT -p udp -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

                                                                                                                                                                                                    iptables -A OUTPUT -p icmp -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

                                                                                                                                                                                                    iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

                                                                                                                                                                                                    iptables -A INPUT -p udp -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

                                                                                                                                                                                                    iptables -A INPUT -p icmp -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT



                                                                                                                                                                                                    # Open inbound ssh(tcp port 22) connections

                                                                                                                                                                                                    iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                    3.5.4.1.1 Ensure default deny firewall policy

                                                                                                                                                                                                    Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                    A default deny all policy on connections ensures that any unconfigured network usage will be rejected.

                                                                                                                                                                                                    With a default accept policy the firewall will accept any packet that is not configured to be denied. It is easier to white list acceptable usage than to black list unacceptable usage.

                                                                                                                                                                                                    Run the following commands to implement a default DROP policy:

                                                                                                                                                                                                    # iptables -P INPUT DROP

                                                                                                                                                                                                    # iptables -P OUTPUT DROP

                                                                                                                                                                                                    # iptables -P FORWARD DROP

                                                                                                                                                                                                    Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                    OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                    OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                    AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                    AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Script: sce/iptables_chk.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Missing iptables rule.
                                                                                                                                                                                                    No error lines were collected.
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Script: sce/iptables_chk.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Missing iptables rule.
                                                                                                                                                                                                    No error lines were collected.
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Script: sce/iptables_chk.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Missing iptables rule.
                                                                                                                                                                                                    No error lines were collected.
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Criterion: Ensure standard service 'iptables' is disabled
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Existence Check: Any Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Systemdunitproperty Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Unit String Exists iptables
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Property String Exists UnitFileState
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Value String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'iptables' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Dpkginfo Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Name String Exists iptables
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Arch String Exists amd64
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Epoch String Exists (none)
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Release String Exists 2ubuntu2
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Version String Exists 1.6.1
                                                                                                                                                                                                    Evr Evr String Exists 0:1.6.1-2ubuntu2


                                                                                                                                                                                                    Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                    <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.1.1_Ensure_default_deny_firewall_policy"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.548Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
         <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
            <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
               <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                            negate="false"
                            multi-check="false">
                  <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                                      value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807028_var"/>
                  <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/iptables_chk.sh"/>
                  <xccdf:check-content>
                     <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/iptables_chk.sh"
                                     href="sce/iptables_chk.sh"
                                     xccdf="fail"
                                     exit-value="102">
                        <out>
                           <l>Missing iptables rule.</l>
                        </out>
                        <err/>
                        <env/>
                     </command_result>
                  </xccdf:check-content>
                  <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                     <div class="sce">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                                 <td>sce/iptables_chk.sh</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                                 <td>102</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                                 <td>
                                    <ul class="unstyled">
                                       <li>Missing iptables rule.</li>
                                    </ul>
                                 </td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </evidence>
               </xccdf:check>
               <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                            negate="false"
                            multi-check="false">
                  <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                                      value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807032_var"/>
                  <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/iptables_chk.sh"/>
                  <xccdf:check-content>
                     <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/iptables_chk.sh"
                                     href="sce/iptables_chk.sh"
                                     xccdf="fail"
                                     exit-value="102">
                        <out>
                           <l>Missing iptables rule.</l>
                        </out>
                        <err/>
                        <env/>
                     </command_result>
                  </xccdf:check-content>
                  <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                     <div class="sce">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                                 <td>sce/iptables_chk.sh</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                                 <td>102</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                                 <td>
                                    <ul class="unstyled">
                                       <li>Missing iptables rule.</li>
                                    </ul>
                                 </td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </evidence>
               </xccdf:check>
            </xccdf:complex-check>
            <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                         negate="false"
                         multi-check="false">
               <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                                   value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807039_var"/>
               <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/iptables_chk.sh"/>
               <xccdf:check-content>
                  <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/iptables_chk.sh"
                                  href="sce/iptables_chk.sh"
                                  xccdf="fail"
                                  exit-value="102">
                     <out>
                        <l>Missing iptables rule.</l>
                     </out>
                     <err/>
                     <env/>
                  </command_result>
               </xccdf:check-content>
               <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                  <div class="sce">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                              <td>sce/iptables_chk.sh</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                              <td>102</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                              <td>
                                 <ul class="unstyled">
                                    <li>Missing iptables rule.</li>
                                 </ul>
                              </td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </evidence>
            </xccdf:check>
         </xccdf:complex-check>
         <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                     name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807041"/>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="definition"
                    id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807041">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807041"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="any_exist">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure standard service 'iptables' is disabled</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>Any Exist</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
                           <thead>
                              <tr>
                                 <th scope="col">Name</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Type</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Status</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Value</th>
                              </tr>
                           </thead>
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Unit</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>iptables</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Property</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>UnitFileState</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr class="evaluated">
                                 <td>Value</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>No Value</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
      </xccdf:complex-check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807047"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807047">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807047"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'iptables' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Name</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>iptables</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Arch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>amd64</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Epoch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>(none)</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Release</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>2ubuntu2</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Version</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1.6.1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Evr</td>
                              <td>Evr String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0:1.6.1-2ubuntu2</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                    References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                      CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                        CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Subcontrol: 9.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Label: Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Description: Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed.

                                                                                                                                                                                                      Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                      3.5.4.1.2 Ensure loopback traffic is configured

                                                                                                                                                                                                      Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                      Configure the loopback interface to accept traffic. Configure all other interfaces to deny traffic to the loopback network (127.0.0.0/8).

                                                                                                                                                                                                      Loopback traffic is generated between processes on machine and is typically critical to operation of the system. The loopback interface is the only place that loopback network (127.0.0.0/8) traffic should be seen, all other interfaces should ignore traffic on this network as an anti-spoofing measure.

                                                                                                                                                                                                      Run the following commands to implement the loopback rules:

                                                                                                                                                                                                      # iptables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT

                                                                                                                                                                                                      # iptables -A OUTPUT -o lo -j ACCEPT

                                                                                                                                                                                                      # iptables -A INPUT -s 127.0.0.0/8 -j DROP

                                                                                                                                                                                                      Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                      OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                      OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                      AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                      AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Script: sce/iptables_input.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Missing iptables rule.
                                                                                                                                                                                                      No error lines were collected.
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Script: sce/iptables_input.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Missing iptables rule.
                                                                                                                                                                                                      No error lines were collected.
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Script: sce/iptables_output.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Missing iptables rule.
                                                                                                                                                                                                      No error lines were collected.
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Criterion: Ensure standard service 'iptables' is disabled
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Existence Check: Any Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Systemdunitproperty Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Unit String Exists iptables
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Property String Exists UnitFileState
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Value String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'iptables' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Dpkginfo Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Name String Exists iptables
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Arch String Exists amd64
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Epoch String Exists (none)
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Release String Exists 2ubuntu2
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Version String Exists 1.6.1
                                                                                                                                                                                                      Evr Evr String Exists 0:1.6.1-2ubuntu2


                                                                                                                                                                                                      Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                      <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.1.2_Ensure_loopback_traffic_is_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.548Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
         <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
            <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
               <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                            negate="false"
                            multi-check="false">
                  <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                                      value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807055_var"/>
                  <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/iptables_input.sh"/>
                  <xccdf:check-content>
                     <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/iptables_input.sh"
                                     href="sce/iptables_input.sh"
                                     xccdf="fail"
                                     exit-value="102">
                        <out>
                           <l>Missing iptables rule.</l>
                        </out>
                        <err/>
                        <env/>
                     </command_result>
                  </xccdf:check-content>
                  <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                     <div class="sce">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                                 <td>sce/iptables_input.sh</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                                 <td>102</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                                 <td>
                                    <ul class="unstyled">
                                       <li>Missing iptables rule.</li>
                                    </ul>
                                 </td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </evidence>
               </xccdf:check>
               <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                            negate="false"
                            multi-check="false">
                  <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                                      value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807061_var"/>
                  <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/iptables_input.sh"/>
                  <xccdf:check-content>
                     <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/iptables_input.sh"
                                     href="sce/iptables_input.sh"
                                     xccdf="fail"
                                     exit-value="102">
                        <out>
                           <l>Missing iptables rule.</l>
                        </out>
                        <err/>
                        <env/>
                     </command_result>
                  </xccdf:check-content>
                  <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                     <div class="sce">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                                 <td>sce/iptables_input.sh</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                                 <td>102</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                                 <td>
                                    <ul class="unstyled">
                                       <li>Missing iptables rule.</li>
                                    </ul>
                                 </td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </evidence>
               </xccdf:check>
            </xccdf:complex-check>
            <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                         negate="false"
                         multi-check="false">
               <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                                   value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807066_var"/>
               <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/iptables_output.sh"/>
               <xccdf:check-content>
                  <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/iptables_output.sh"
                                  href="sce/iptables_output.sh"
                                  xccdf="fail"
                                  exit-value="102">
                     <out>
                        <l>Missing iptables rule.</l>
                     </out>
                     <err/>
                     <env/>
                  </command_result>
               </xccdf:check-content>
               <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                  <div class="sce">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                              <td>sce/iptables_output.sh</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                              <td>102</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                              <td>
                                 <ul class="unstyled">
                                    <li>Missing iptables rule.</li>
                                 </ul>
                              </td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </evidence>
            </xccdf:check>
         </xccdf:complex-check>
         <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                     name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807070"/>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="definition"
                    id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807070">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807070"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="any_exist">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure standard service 'iptables' is disabled</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>Any Exist</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
                           <thead>
                              <tr>
                                 <th scope="col">Name</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Type</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Status</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Value</th>
                              </tr>
                           </thead>
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Unit</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>iptables</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Property</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>UnitFileState</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr class="evaluated">
                                 <td>Value</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>No Value</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
      </xccdf:complex-check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807073"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807073">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807073"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'iptables' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Name</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>iptables</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Arch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>amd64</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Epoch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>(none)</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Release</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>2ubuntu2</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Version</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1.6.1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Evr</td>
                              <td>Evr String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0:1.6.1-2ubuntu2</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                      References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                        CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                          CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Subcontrol: 9.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Label: Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Description: Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed.

                                                                                                                                                                                                        Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                        Manual

                                                                                                                                                                                                        3.5.4.1.3 Ensure outbound and established connections are configured

                                                                                                                                                                                                        Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                        Configure the firewall rules for new outbound, and established connections.

                                                                                                                                                                                                        If rules are not in place for new outbound, and established connections all packets will be dropped by the default policy preventing network usage.

                                                                                                                                                                                                        Configure iptables in accordance with site policy. The following commands will implement a policy to allow all outbound connections and all established connections:

                                                                                                                                                                                                        # iptables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

                                                                                                                                                                                                        # iptables -A OUTPUT -p udp -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

                                                                                                                                                                                                        # iptables -A OUTPUT -p icmp -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

                                                                                                                                                                                                        # iptables -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

                                                                                                                                                                                                        # iptables -A INPUT -p udp -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

                                                                                                                                                                                                        # iptables -A INPUT -p icmp -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT



                                                                                                                                                                                                        Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                        <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.1.3_Ensure_outbound_and_established_connections_are_configured"
                   role="unscored"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.548Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="0.0">
   <xccdf:result>notchecked</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                        References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                          CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                            CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Subcontrol: 9.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Label: Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Description: Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed.

                                                                                                                                                                                                          Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                          3.5.4.1.4 Ensure firewall rules exist for all open ports

                                                                                                                                                                                                          Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                          Any ports that have been opened on non-loopback addresses need firewall rules to govern traffic.

                                                                                                                                                                                                          Without a firewall rule configured for open ports default firewall policy will drop all packets to these ports.

                                                                                                                                                                                                          For each port identified in the audit which does not have a firewall rule establish a proper rule for accepting inbound connections:

                                                                                                                                                                                                          # iptables -A INPUT -p <protocol> --dport <port> -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT

                                                                                                                                                                                                          Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                          OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                          OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Criterion: Linux Custom Object "Firewall Rule Exists For All Open Ports"
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shellcommand Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Command String Exists iptables -L INPUT -v -n
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Line Selection String Exists \s+dpt:2379\s+state\s+NEW\s*$
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exit Status Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Criterion: Linux Custom Object "Firewall Rule Exists For All Open Ports"
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Inetlisteningserver Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Protocol String Exists tcp
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Address Ipv4 Address Exists 10.31.139.3
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Port Int Exists 2379
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Full Address String Exists 10.31.139.3:2379
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Program Name String Exists etcd
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Address Ipv4 Address Exists 0.0.0.0
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Port Int Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Full Address String Exists 0.0.0.0:*
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Pid Int Exists 3966
                                                                                                                                                                                                          User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Inetlisteningserver Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Protocol String Exists tcp
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Address Ipv4 Address Exists 0.0.0.0
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Port Int Exists 8080
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Full Address String Exists 0.0.0.0:8080
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Program Name String Exists ttyd
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Address Ipv4 Address Exists 0.0.0.0
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Port Int Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Full Address String Exists 0.0.0.0:*
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Pid Int Exists 737
                                                                                                                                                                                                          User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Inetlisteningserver Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Protocol String Exists tcp
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Address Ipv4 Address Exists 0.0.0.0
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Port Int Exists 8001
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Full Address String Exists 0.0.0.0:8001
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Program Name String Exists apache2
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Address Ipv4 Address Exists 0.0.0.0
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Port Int Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Full Address String Exists 0.0.0.0:*
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Pid Int Exists 16705
                                                                                                                                                                                                          User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Inetlisteningserver Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Protocol String Exists tcp6
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Address Ipv6 Address Exists ::
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Port Int Exists 6443
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Full Address String Exists :::6443
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Program Name String Exists kube-apiserver
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Address Ipv6 Address Exists ::
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Port Int Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Full Address String Exists :::*
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Pid Int Exists 3973
                                                                                                                                                                                                          User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Inetlisteningserver Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Protocol String Exists udp
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Address Ipv4 Address Exists 127.0.0.53
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Port Int Exists 53
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Full Address String Exists 127.0.0.53:53
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Program Name String Exists systemd-resolve
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Address Ipv4 Address Exists 0.0.0.0
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Port Int Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Full Address String Exists 0.0.0.0:*
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Pid Int Exists 435
                                                                                                                                                                                                          User Id Int Exists 102
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Inetlisteningserver Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Protocol String Exists tcp6
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Address Ipv6 Address Exists ::
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Port Int Exists 10250
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Full Address String Exists :::10250
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Program Name String Exists kubelet
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Address Ipv6 Address Exists ::
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Port Int Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Full Address String Exists :::*
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Pid Int Exists 4710
                                                                                                                                                                                                          User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Inetlisteningserver Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Protocol String Exists tcp6
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Address Ipv6 Address Exists ::
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Port Int Exists 22
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Full Address String Exists :::22
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Program Name String Exists sshd
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Address Ipv6 Address Exists ::
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Port Int Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Full Address String Exists :::*
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Pid Int Exists 773
                                                                                                                                                                                                          User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Inetlisteningserver Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Protocol String Exists tcp
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Address Ipv4 Address Exists 10.31.139.3
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Port Int Exists 2380
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Full Address String Exists 10.31.139.3:2380
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Program Name String Exists etcd
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Address Ipv4 Address Exists 0.0.0.0
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Port Int Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Full Address String Exists 0.0.0.0:*
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Pid Int Exists 3966
                                                                                                                                                                                                          User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Inetlisteningserver Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Protocol String Exists tcp
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Address Ipv4 Address Exists 127.0.0.53
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Port Int Exists 53
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Full Address String Exists 127.0.0.53:53
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Program Name String Exists systemd-resolve
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Address Ipv4 Address Exists 0.0.0.0
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Port Int Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Full Address String Exists 0.0.0.0:*
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Pid Int Exists 435
                                                                                                                                                                                                          User Id Int Exists 102
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Inetlisteningserver Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Protocol String Exists tcp6
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Address Ipv6 Address Exists ::
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Port Int Exists 10256
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Full Address String Exists :::10256
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Program Name String Exists kube-proxy
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Address Ipv6 Address Exists ::
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Port Int Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Full Address String Exists :::*
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Pid Int Exists 5987
                                                                                                                                                                                                          User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Inetlisteningserver Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Protocol String Exists udp
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Address Ipv4 Address Exists 0.0.0.0
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Port Int Exists 8472
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Full Address String Exists 0.0.0.0:8472
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Program Name String Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Address Ipv4 Address Exists 0.0.0.0
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Port Int Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Full Address String Exists 0.0.0.0:*
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Pid Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                          User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Inetlisteningserver Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Protocol String Exists tcp
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Address Ipv4 Address Exists 0.0.0.0
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Port Int Exists 22
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Full Address String Exists 0.0.0.0:22
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Program Name String Exists sshd
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Address Ipv4 Address Exists 0.0.0.0
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Port Int Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Full Address String Exists 0.0.0.0:*
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Pid Int Exists 773
                                                                                                                                                                                                          User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Inetlisteningserver Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Protocol String Exists tcp6
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Address Ipv6 Address Exists ::
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Port Int Exists 8888
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Local Full Address String Exists :::8888
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Program Name String Exists kubectl
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Address Ipv6 Address Exists ::
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Port Int Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Foreign Full Address String Exists :::*
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Pid Int Exists 4747
                                                                                                                                                                                                          User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Criterion: Ensure standard service 'iptables' is disabled
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Existence Check: Any Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Systemdunitproperty Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Unit String Exists iptables
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Property String Exists UnitFileState
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Value String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'iptables' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Dpkginfo Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name String Exists iptables
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Arch String Exists amd64
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Epoch String Exists (none)
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Release String Exists 2ubuntu2
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Version String Exists 1.6.1
                                                                                                                                                                                                          Evr Evr String Exists 0:1.6.1-2ubuntu2


                                                                                                                                                                                                          Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                          <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.1.4_Ensure_firewall_rules_exist_for_all_open_ports"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.549Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
         <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                     name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807084"/>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="definition"
                    id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807084">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807084"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Linux Custom Object "Firewall Rule Exists For All Open Ports"</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <caption>Shellcommand Item</caption>
                           <thead>
                              <tr>
                                 <th scope="col">Name</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Type</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Status</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Value</th>
                              </tr>
                           </thead>
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Command</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>iptables -L INPUT -v -n</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Line Selection</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>\s+dpt:2379\s+state\s+NEW\s*$</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Exit Status</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>0</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:8070842"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="none_exist">
                        <table class="evidence-sep evidence-multi" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Linux Custom Object "Firewall Rule Exists For All Open Ports"</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>None Exist</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <caption>Inetlisteningserver Item</caption>
                           <thead>
                              <tr>
                                 <th scope="col">Name</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Type</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Status</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Value</th>
                              </tr>
                           </thead>
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Protocol</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>tcp</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Address</td>
                                 <td>Ipv4 Address</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>10.31.139.3</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Port</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>2379</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Full Address</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>10.31.139.3:2379</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Program Name</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>etcd</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Address</td>
                                 <td>Ipv4 Address</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>0.0.0.0</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Port</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>*</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Full Address</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>0.0.0.0:*</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Pid</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>3966</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>User Id</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>0</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <caption>Inetlisteningserver Item</caption>
                           <thead>
                              <tr>
                                 <th scope="col">Name</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Type</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Status</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Value</th>
                              </tr>
                           </thead>
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Protocol</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>tcp</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Address</td>
                                 <td>Ipv4 Address</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>0.0.0.0</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Port</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>8080</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Full Address</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>0.0.0.0:8080</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Program Name</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>ttyd</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Address</td>
                                 <td>Ipv4 Address</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>0.0.0.0</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Port</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>*</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Full Address</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>0.0.0.0:*</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Pid</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>737</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>User Id</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>0</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <caption>Inetlisteningserver Item</caption>
                           <thead>
                              <tr>
                                 <th scope="col">Name</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Type</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Status</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Value</th>
                              </tr>
                           </thead>
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Protocol</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>tcp</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Address</td>
                                 <td>Ipv4 Address</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>0.0.0.0</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Port</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>8001</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Full Address</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>0.0.0.0:8001</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Program Name</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>apache2</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Address</td>
                                 <td>Ipv4 Address</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>0.0.0.0</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Port</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>*</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Full Address</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>0.0.0.0:*</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Pid</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>16705</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>User Id</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>0</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <caption>Inetlisteningserver Item</caption>
                           <thead>
                              <tr>
                                 <th scope="col">Name</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Type</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Status</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Value</th>
                              </tr>
                           </thead>
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Protocol</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>tcp6</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Address</td>
                                 <td>Ipv6 Address</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>::</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Port</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>6443</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Full Address</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>:::6443</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Program Name</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>kube-apiserver</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Address</td>
                                 <td>Ipv6 Address</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>::</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Port</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>*</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Full Address</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>:::*</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Pid</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>3973</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>User Id</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>0</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <caption>Inetlisteningserver Item</caption>
                           <thead>
                              <tr>
                                 <th scope="col">Name</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Type</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Status</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Value</th>
                              </tr>
                           </thead>
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Protocol</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>udp</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Address</td>
                                 <td>Ipv4 Address</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>127.0.0.53</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Port</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>53</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Full Address</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>127.0.0.53:53</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Program Name</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>systemd-resolve</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Address</td>
                                 <td>Ipv4 Address</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>0.0.0.0</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Port</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>*</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Full Address</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>0.0.0.0:*</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Pid</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>435</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>User Id</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>102</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <caption>Inetlisteningserver Item</caption>
                           <thead>
                              <tr>
                                 <th scope="col">Name</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Type</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Status</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Value</th>
                              </tr>
                           </thead>
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Protocol</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>tcp6</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Address</td>
                                 <td>Ipv6 Address</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>::</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Port</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>10250</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Full Address</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>:::10250</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Program Name</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>kubelet</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Address</td>
                                 <td>Ipv6 Address</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>::</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Port</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>*</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Full Address</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>:::*</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Pid</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>4710</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>User Id</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>0</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <caption>Inetlisteningserver Item</caption>
                           <thead>
                              <tr>
                                 <th scope="col">Name</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Type</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Status</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Value</th>
                              </tr>
                           </thead>
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Protocol</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>tcp6</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Address</td>
                                 <td>Ipv6 Address</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>::</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Port</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>22</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Full Address</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>:::22</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Program Name</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>sshd</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Address</td>
                                 <td>Ipv6 Address</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>::</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Port</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>*</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Full Address</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>:::*</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Pid</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>773</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>User Id</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>0</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <caption>Inetlisteningserver Item</caption>
                           <thead>
                              <tr>
                                 <th scope="col">Name</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Type</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Status</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Value</th>
                              </tr>
                           </thead>
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Protocol</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>tcp</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Address</td>
                                 <td>Ipv4 Address</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>10.31.139.3</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Port</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>2380</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Full Address</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>10.31.139.3:2380</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Program Name</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>etcd</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Address</td>
                                 <td>Ipv4 Address</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>0.0.0.0</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Port</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>*</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Full Address</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>0.0.0.0:*</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Pid</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>3966</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>User Id</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>0</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <caption>Inetlisteningserver Item</caption>
                           <thead>
                              <tr>
                                 <th scope="col">Name</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Type</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Status</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Value</th>
                              </tr>
                           </thead>
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Protocol</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>tcp</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Address</td>
                                 <td>Ipv4 Address</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>127.0.0.53</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Port</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>53</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Full Address</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>127.0.0.53:53</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Program Name</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>systemd-resolve</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Address</td>
                                 <td>Ipv4 Address</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>0.0.0.0</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Port</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>*</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Full Address</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>0.0.0.0:*</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Pid</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>435</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>User Id</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>102</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <caption>Inetlisteningserver Item</caption>
                           <thead>
                              <tr>
                                 <th scope="col">Name</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Type</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Status</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Value</th>
                              </tr>
                           </thead>
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Protocol</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>tcp6</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Address</td>
                                 <td>Ipv6 Address</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>::</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Port</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>10256</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Full Address</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>:::10256</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Program Name</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>kube-proxy</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Address</td>
                                 <td>Ipv6 Address</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>::</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Port</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>*</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Full Address</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>:::*</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Pid</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>5987</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>User Id</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>0</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <caption>Inetlisteningserver Item</caption>
                           <thead>
                              <tr>
                                 <th scope="col">Name</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Type</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Status</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Value</th>
                              </tr>
                           </thead>
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Protocol</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>udp</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Address</td>
                                 <td>Ipv4 Address</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>0.0.0.0</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Port</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>8472</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Full Address</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>0.0.0.0:8472</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Program Name</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Does not exist</td>
                                 <td>No Value</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Address</td>
                                 <td>Ipv4 Address</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>0.0.0.0</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Port</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>*</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Full Address</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>0.0.0.0:*</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Pid</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Does not exist</td>
                                 <td>No Value</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>User Id</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>0</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <caption>Inetlisteningserver Item</caption>
                           <thead>
                              <tr>
                                 <th scope="col">Name</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Type</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Status</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Value</th>
                              </tr>
                           </thead>
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Protocol</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>tcp</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Address</td>
                                 <td>Ipv4 Address</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>0.0.0.0</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Port</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>22</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Full Address</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>0.0.0.0:22</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Program Name</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>sshd</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Address</td>
                                 <td>Ipv4 Address</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>0.0.0.0</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Port</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>*</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Full Address</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>0.0.0.0:*</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Pid</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>773</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>User Id</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>0</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <caption>Inetlisteningserver Item</caption>
                           <thead>
                              <tr>
                                 <th scope="col">Name</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Type</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Status</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Value</th>
                              </tr>
                           </thead>
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Protocol</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>tcp6</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Address</td>
                                 <td>Ipv6 Address</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>::</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Port</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>8888</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Local Full Address</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>:::8888</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Program Name</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>kubectl</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Address</td>
                                 <td>Ipv6 Address</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>::</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Port</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>*</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Foreign Full Address</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>:::*</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Pid</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>4747</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>User Id</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>0</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
         <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                     name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807087"/>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="definition"
                    id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807087">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807087"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="any_exist">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure standard service 'iptables' is disabled</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>Any Exist</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
                           <thead>
                              <tr>
                                 <th scope="col">Name</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Type</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Status</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Value</th>
                              </tr>
                           </thead>
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Unit</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>iptables</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Property</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>UnitFileState</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr class="evaluated">
                                 <td>Value</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>No Value</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
      </xccdf:complex-check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807091"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807091">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807091"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'iptables' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Name</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>iptables</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Arch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>amd64</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Epoch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>(none)</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Release</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>2ubuntu2</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Version</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1.6.1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Evr</td>
                              <td>Evr String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0:1.6.1-2ubuntu2</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                          References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                            CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                              CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Subcontrol: 9.2
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Label: Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Description: Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with validated business needs are running on each system.
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                              CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Subcontrol: 9.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Label: Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Description: Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed.

                                                                                                                                                                                                            Back to Summary

                                                                                                                                                                                                            3.5.4.2 Configure IPv6 ip6tables

                                                                                                                                                                                                            Ip6tables is used to set up, maintain, and inspect the tables of IPv6 packet filter rules in the Linux kernel. Several different tables may be defined. Each table contains a number of built-in chains and may also contain user-defined chains. Each chain is a list of rules which can match a set of packets. Each rule specifies what to do with a packet that matches. This is called a `target', which may be a jump to a user-defined chain in the same table.

                                                                                                                                                                                                            If IPv6 in enabled on the system, the ip6tables should be configured.

                                                                                                                                                                                                            Note: This section broadly assumes starting with an empty ip6tables firewall ruleset (established by flushing the rules with ip6tables -F). Remediation steps included only affect the live system, you will also need to configure your default firewall configuration to apply on boot. Configuration of a live systems firewall directly over a remote connection will often result in being locked out. It is advised to have a known good firewall configuration set to run on boot and to configure an entire firewall structure in a script that is then run and tested before saving to boot. The following script will implement the firewall rules of this section and open port 22(ssh) from anywhere:

                                                                                                                                                                                                            #!/bin/bash



                                                                                                                                                                                                            # Flush ip6tables rules

                                                                                                                                                                                                            ip6tables -F



                                                                                                                                                                                                            # Ensure default deny firewall policy

                                                                                                                                                                                                            ip6tables -P INPUT DROP

                                                                                                                                                                                                            ip6tables -P OUTPUT DROP

                                                                                                                                                                                                            ip6tables -P FORWARD DROP



                                                                                                                                                                                                            # Ensure loopback traffic is configured

                                                                                                                                                                                                            ip6tables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT

                                                                                                                                                                                                            ip6tables -A OUTPUT -o lo -j ACCEPT

                                                                                                                                                                                                            ip6tables -A INPUT -s ::1 -j DROP



                                                                                                                                                                                                            # Ensure outbound and established connections are configured

                                                                                                                                                                                                            ip6tables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

                                                                                                                                                                                                            ip6tables -A OUTPUT -p udp -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

                                                                                                                                                                                                            ip6tables -A OUTPUT -p icmp -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

                                                                                                                                                                                                            ip6tables -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

                                                                                                                                                                                                            ip6tables -A INPUT -p udp -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

                                                                                                                                                                                                            ip6tables -A INPUT -p icmp -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT



                                                                                                                                                                                                            # Open inbound ssh(tcp port 22) connections

                                                                                                                                                                                                            ip6tables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                            3.5.4.2.1 Ensure IPv6 default deny firewall policy

                                                                                                                                                                                                            Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                            A default deny all policy on connections ensures that any unconfigured network usage will be rejected.

                                                                                                                                                                                                            With a default accept policy the firewall will accept any packet that is not configured to be denied. It is easier to white list acceptable usage than to black list unacceptable usage.

                                                                                                                                                                                                            Run the following commands to implement a default DROP policy:

                                                                                                                                                                                                            # ip6tables -P INPUT DROP

                                                                                                                                                                                                            # ip6tables -P OUTPUT DROP

                                                                                                                                                                                                            # ip6tables -P FORWARD DROP

                                                                                                                                                                                                            Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                            OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                            OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                            OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                            AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                            AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Script: sce/ip6tables_chk.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Missing ip6tables rule.
                                                                                                                                                                                                            No error lines were collected.
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Script: sce/ip6tables_chk.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Missing ip6tables rule.
                                                                                                                                                                                                            No error lines were collected.
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Script: sce/ip6tables_chk.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Missing ip6tables rule.
                                                                                                                                                                                                            No error lines were collected.
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Criterion: Ensure /boot/grub/grub.cfg contents Pattern Match ipv6\.disable=1 (string)
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                            No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Criterion: Ensure standard service 'iptables' is disabled
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Existence Check: Any Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Systemdunitproperty Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Unit String Exists iptables
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Property String Exists UnitFileState
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Value String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'iptables' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Dpkginfo Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Name String Exists iptables
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Arch String Exists amd64
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Epoch String Exists (none)
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Release String Exists 2ubuntu2
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Version String Exists 1.6.1
                                                                                                                                                                                                            Evr Evr String Exists 0:1.6.1-2ubuntu2


                                                                                                                                                                                                            Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                            <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.2.1_Ensure_IPv6_default_deny_firewall_policy"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.549Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
         <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
            <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
               <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
                  <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                               negate="false"
                               multi-check="false">
                     <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                                         value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807045_var"/>
                     <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/ip6tables_chk.sh"/>
                     <xccdf:check-content>
                        <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ip6tables_chk.sh"
                                        href="sce/ip6tables_chk.sh"
                                        xccdf="fail"
                                        exit-value="102">
                           <out>
                              <l>Missing ip6tables rule.</l>
                           </out>
                           <err/>
                           <env/>
                        </command_result>
                     </xccdf:check-content>
                     <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                        <div class="sce">
                           <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                                    <td>sce/ip6tables_chk.sh</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                    <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                                    <td>102</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                                    <td>
                                       <ul class="unstyled">
                                          <li>Missing ip6tables rule.</li>
                                       </ul>
                                    </td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                     </evidence>
                  </xccdf:check>
                  <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                               negate="false"
                               multi-check="false">
                     <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                                         value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807051_var"/>
                     <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/ip6tables_chk.sh"/>
                     <xccdf:check-content>
                        <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ip6tables_chk.sh"
                                        href="sce/ip6tables_chk.sh"
                                        xccdf="fail"
                                        exit-value="102">
                           <out>
                              <l>Missing ip6tables rule.</l>
                           </out>
                           <err/>
                           <env/>
                        </command_result>
                     </xccdf:check-content>
                     <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                        <div class="sce">
                           <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                                    <td>sce/ip6tables_chk.sh</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                    <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                                    <td>102</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                                    <td>
                                       <ul class="unstyled">
                                          <li>Missing ip6tables rule.</li>
                                       </ul>
                                    </td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                     </evidence>
                  </xccdf:check>
               </xccdf:complex-check>
               <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                            negate="false"
                            multi-check="false">
                  <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                                      value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807059_var"/>
                  <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/ip6tables_chk.sh"/>
                  <xccdf:check-content>
                     <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ip6tables_chk.sh"
                                     href="sce/ip6tables_chk.sh"
                                     xccdf="fail"
                                     exit-value="102">
                        <out>
                           <l>Missing ip6tables rule.</l>
                        </out>
                        <err/>
                        <env/>
                     </command_result>
                  </xccdf:check-content>
                  <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                     <div class="sce">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                                 <td>sce/ip6tables_chk.sh</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                                 <td>102</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                                 <td>
                                    <ul class="unstyled">
                                       <li>Missing ip6tables rule.</li>
                                    </ul>
                                 </td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </evidence>
               </xccdf:check>
            </xccdf:complex-check>
            <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                         negate="false"
                         multi-check="false">
               <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:807071"
                                   value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_8070711_var"/>
               <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:8070712"
                                   value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_8070712_var"/>
               <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                        name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807071"/>
               <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                  <div class="definition"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807071">
                     <div class="criteria">
                        <div class="criterion"
                             id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807071"
                             check="all"
                             check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                           <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                    <td>Ensure /boot/grub/grub.cfg contents Pattern Match ipv6\.disable=1 (string)</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                    <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                    <td>All</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                    <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                              </tr>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </evidence>
            </xccdf:check>
         </xccdf:complex-check>
         <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                     name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807081"/>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="definition"
                    id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807081">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807081"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="any_exist">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure standard service 'iptables' is disabled</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>Any Exist</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
                           <thead>
                              <tr>
                                 <th scope="col">Name</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Type</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Status</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Value</th>
                              </tr>
                           </thead>
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Unit</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>iptables</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Property</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>UnitFileState</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr class="evaluated">
                                 <td>Value</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>No Value</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
      </xccdf:complex-check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807090"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807090">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807090"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'iptables' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Name</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>iptables</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Arch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>amd64</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Epoch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>(none)</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Release</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>2ubuntu2</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Version</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1.6.1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Evr</td>
                              <td>Evr String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0:1.6.1-2ubuntu2</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                            References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                              CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                Subcontrol: 9.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                Label: Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering
                                                                                                                                                                                                                Description: Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed.

                                                                                                                                                                                                              Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                              3.5.4.2.2 Ensure IPv6 loopback traffic is configured

                                                                                                                                                                                                              Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                              Configure the loopback interface to accept traffic. Configure all other interfaces to deny traffic to the loopback network (::1).

                                                                                                                                                                                                              Loopback traffic is generated between processes on machine and is typically critical to operation of the system. The loopback interface is the only place that loopback network (::1) traffic should be seen, all other interfaces should ignore traffic on this network as an anti-spoofing measure.

                                                                                                                                                                                                              Run the following commands to implement the loopback rules:

                                                                                                                                                                                                              # ip6tables -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT

                                                                                                                                                                                                              # ip6tables -A OUTPUT -o lo -j ACCEPT

                                                                                                                                                                                                              # ip6tables -A INPUT -s ::1 -j DROP

                                                                                                                                                                                                              Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                              OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                              OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                              OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                              AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                              AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Script: sce/ip6tables_input.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Missing ip6tables rule.
                                                                                                                                                                                                              No error lines were collected.
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Script: sce/ip6tables_input.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Missing ip6tables rule.
                                                                                                                                                                                                              No error lines were collected.
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Script: sce/ip6tables_output.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Missing ip6tables rule.
                                                                                                                                                                                                              No error lines were collected.
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Criterion: Ensure /boot/grub/grub.cfg contents Pattern Match ipv6\.disable=1 (string)
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                              No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Criterion: Ensure standard service 'iptables' is disabled
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Existence Check: Any Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Systemdunitproperty Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Unit String Exists iptables
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Property String Exists UnitFileState
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Value String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'iptables' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Dpkginfo Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name String Exists iptables
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Arch String Exists amd64
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Epoch String Exists (none)
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Release String Exists 2ubuntu2
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Version String Exists 1.6.1
                                                                                                                                                                                                              Evr Evr String Exists 0:1.6.1-2ubuntu2


                                                                                                                                                                                                              Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                              <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.2.2_Ensure_IPv6_loopback_traffic_is_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.549Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
         <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
            <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
               <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
                  <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                               negate="false"
                               multi-check="false">
                     <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                                         value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807104_var"/>
                     <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/ip6tables_input.sh"/>
                     <xccdf:check-content>
                        <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ip6tables_input.sh"
                                        href="sce/ip6tables_input.sh"
                                        xccdf="fail"
                                        exit-value="102">
                           <out>
                              <l>Missing ip6tables rule.</l>
                           </out>
                           <err/>
                           <env/>
                        </command_result>
                     </xccdf:check-content>
                     <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                        <div class="sce">
                           <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                                    <td>sce/ip6tables_input.sh</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                    <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                                    <td>102</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                                    <td>
                                       <ul class="unstyled">
                                          <li>Missing ip6tables rule.</li>
                                       </ul>
                                    </td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                     </evidence>
                  </xccdf:check>
                  <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                               negate="false"
                               multi-check="false">
                     <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                                         value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807112_var"/>
                     <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/ip6tables_input.sh"/>
                     <xccdf:check-content>
                        <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ip6tables_input.sh"
                                        href="sce/ip6tables_input.sh"
                                        xccdf="fail"
                                        exit-value="102">
                           <out>
                              <l>Missing ip6tables rule.</l>
                           </out>
                           <err/>
                           <env/>
                        </command_result>
                     </xccdf:check-content>
                     <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                        <div class="sce">
                           <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                                    <td>sce/ip6tables_input.sh</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                    <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                                    <td>102</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                                    <td>
                                       <ul class="unstyled">
                                          <li>Missing ip6tables rule.</li>
                                       </ul>
                                    </td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                     </evidence>
                  </xccdf:check>
               </xccdf:complex-check>
               <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                            negate="false"
                            multi-check="false">
                  <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                                      value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807118_var"/>
                  <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/ip6tables_output.sh"/>
                  <xccdf:check-content>
                     <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/ip6tables_output.sh"
                                     href="sce/ip6tables_output.sh"
                                     xccdf="fail"
                                     exit-value="102">
                        <out>
                           <l>Missing ip6tables rule.</l>
                        </out>
                        <err/>
                        <env/>
                     </command_result>
                  </xccdf:check-content>
                  <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                     <div class="sce">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                                 <td>sce/ip6tables_output.sh</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                                 <td>102</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                                 <td>
                                    <ul class="unstyled">
                                       <li>Missing ip6tables rule.</li>
                                    </ul>
                                 </td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </evidence>
               </xccdf:check>
            </xccdf:complex-check>
            <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                         negate="false"
                         multi-check="false">
               <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:807121"
                                   value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_8071211_var"/>
               <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:8071212"
                                   value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_8071212_var"/>
               <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                        name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807121"/>
               <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                  <div class="definition"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807121">
                     <div class="criteria">
                        <div class="criterion"
                             id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807121"
                             check="all"
                             check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                           <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                    <td>Ensure /boot/grub/grub.cfg contents Pattern Match ipv6\.disable=1 (string)</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                    <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                    <td>All</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                    <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                              </tr>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </evidence>
            </xccdf:check>
         </xccdf:complex-check>
         <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                     name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807123"/>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="definition"
                    id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807123">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807123"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="any_exist">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure standard service 'iptables' is disabled</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>Any Exist</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
                           <thead>
                              <tr>
                                 <th scope="col">Name</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Type</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Status</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Value</th>
                              </tr>
                           </thead>
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Unit</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>iptables</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Property</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>UnitFileState</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr class="evaluated">
                                 <td>Value</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>No Value</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
      </xccdf:complex-check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807126"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807126">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807126"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'iptables' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Name</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>iptables</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Arch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>amd64</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Epoch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>(none)</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Release</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>2ubuntu2</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Version</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1.6.1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Evr</td>
                              <td>Evr String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0:1.6.1-2ubuntu2</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                              References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Subcontrol: 9.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Label: Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Description: Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                Manual

                                                                                                                                                                                                                3.5.4.2.3 Ensure IPv6 outbound and established connections are configured

                                                                                                                                                                                                                Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                Configure the firewall rules for new outbound, and established IPv6 connections.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                If rules are not in place for new outbound, and established connections all packets will be dropped by the default policy preventing network usage.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                Configure iptables in accordance with site policy. The following commands will implement a policy to allow all outbound connections and all established connections:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                # ip6tables -A OUTPUT -p tcp -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

                                                                                                                                                                                                                # ip6tables -A OUTPUT -p udp -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

                                                                                                                                                                                                                # ip6tables -A OUTPUT -p icmp -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

                                                                                                                                                                                                                # ip6tables -A INPUT -p tcp -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

                                                                                                                                                                                                                # ip6tables -A INPUT -p udp -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

                                                                                                                                                                                                                # ip6tables -A INPUT -p icmp -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT



                                                                                                                                                                                                                Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.2.3_Ensure_IPv6_outbound_and_established_connections_are_configured"
                   role="unscored"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.549Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="0.0">
   <xccdf:result>notchecked</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident cc6:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1/control/9/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"/>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                  CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Subcontrol: 9.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Label: Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Description: Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                  CIS Controls V6.1:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Subcontrol: 9.1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Label: Limit Open Ports, Protocols, and Services
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Description: Ensure that only ports, protocols, and services with validated business needs are running on each system.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Manual

                                                                                                                                                                                                                  3.5.4.2.4 Ensure IPv6 firewall rules exist for all open ports

                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Any ports that have been opened on non-loopback addresses need firewall rules to govern traffic.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Without a firewall rule configured for open ports default firewall policy will drop all packets to these ports.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                  For each port identified in the audit which does not have a firewall rule establish a proper rule for accepting inbound connections:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                  # ip6tables -A INPUT -p <protocol> --dport <port> -m state --state NEW -j ACCEPT



                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                  <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.5.4.2.4_Ensure_IPv6_firewall_rules_exist_for_all_open_ports"
                   role="unscored"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.549Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="0.0">
   <xccdf:result>notchecked</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident cc6:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1/control/9/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"/>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                  References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                    CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Subcontrol: 9.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Label: Apply Host-Based Firewalls or Port Filtering
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Description: Apply host-based firewalls or port filtering tools on end systems, with a default-deny rule that drops all traffic except those services and ports that are explicitly allowed.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                    CIS Controls V6.1:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Subcontrol: 9.1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Label: Limit Open Ports, Protocols, and Services
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Description: Ensure that only ports, protocols, and services with validated business needs are running on each system.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                    3.6 Ensure wireless interfaces are disabled

                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Wireless networking is used when wired networks are unavailable. Ubuntu contains a wireless tool kit to allow system administrators to configure and use wireless networks.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                    If wireless is not to be used, wireless devices can be disabled to reduce the potential attack surface.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Run the following command to disable any wireless interfaces:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                    # nmcli radio all off

                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Disable any wireless interfaces in your network configuration.less interfaces in your network configuration.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Impact:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Many if not all laptop workstations and some desktop workstations will connect via wireless requiring these interfaces be enabled.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Script: sce/wireless_check.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Wireless is not disabled
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Errors:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • /root/Assessor-CLI/sce/wireless_check.sh: line 10: nmcli: command not found


                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_3.6_Ensure_wireless_interfaces_are_disabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.549Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/15/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/15/subcontrol/5"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/wireless_check.sh"/>
         <xccdf:check-content>
            <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/wireless_check.sh"
                            href="sce/wireless_check.sh"
                            xccdf="fail"
                            exit-value="102">
               <out>
                  <l>Wireless is not disabled</l>
               </out>
               <err>
                  <l>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/wireless_check.sh: line 10: nmcli: command not found</l>
               </err>
               <env/>
            </command_result>
         </xccdf:check-content>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="sce">
               <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                        <td>sce/wireless_check.sh</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                        <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                        <td>102</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                        <td>
                           <ul class="unstyled">
                              <li>Wireless is not disabled</li>
                           </ul>
                        </td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Errors:</td>
                        <td>
                           <ul>
                              <li>/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/wireless_check.sh: line 10: nmcli: command not found</li>
                           </ul>
                        </td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                    References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Control 15: Wireless Access Control: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the security use of wireless local area networks (WLANs), access points, and wireless client systems.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Subcontrol: 15.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Label: Disable Wireless Access on Devices if Not Required
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Description: Disable wireless access on devices that do not have a business purpose for wireless access.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Control 15: Wireless Access Control: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the security use of wireless local area networks (WLANs), access points, and wireless client systems.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Subcontrol: 15.5
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Label: Limit Wireless Access on Client Devices
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Description: Configure wireless access on client machines that do have an essential wireless business purpose, to allow access only to authorized wireless networks and to restrict access to other wireless networks.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Back to Summary

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      4 Logging and Auditing

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      The items in this section describe how to configure logging, log monitoring, and auditing, using tools included in most distributions.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      It is recommended that rsyslog be used for logging (with logwatch providing summarization) and auditd be used for auditing (with aureport providing summarization) to automatically monitor logs for intrusion attempts and other suspicious system behavior.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      In addition to the local log files created by the steps in this section, it is also recommended that sites collect copies of their system logs on a secure, centralized log server via an encrypted connection. Not only does centralized logging help sites correlate events that may be occurring on multiple systems, but having a second copy of the system log information may be critical after a system compromise where the attacker has modified the local log files on the affected system(s). If a log correlation system is deployed, configure it to process the logs described in this section.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Because it is often necessary to correlate log information from many different systems (particularly after a security incident) it is recommended that the time be synchronized among systems and devices connected to the local network.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      It is important that all logs described in this section be monitored on a regular basis and correlated to determine trends. A seemingly innocuous entry in one log could be more significant when compared to an entry in another log.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Note on log file permissions: There really isn't a "one size fits all" solution to the permissions on log files. Many sites utilize group permissions so that administrators who are in a defined security group, such as "wheel" do not have to elevate privileges to root in order to read log files. Also, if a third party log aggregation tool is used, it may need to have group permissions to read the log files, which is preferable to having it run setuid to root. Therefore, there are two remediation and audit steps for log file permissions. One is for systems that do not have a secured group method implemented that only permits root to read the log files ( root:root 600 ). The other is for sites that do have such a setup and are designated as root:securegrp 640 where securegrp is the defined security group (in some cases wheel ).

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      4.1 Configure System Accounting (auditd)

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      System auditing, through auditd , allows system administrators to monitor their systems such that they can detect unauthorized access or modification of data. By default, auditd will audit SELinux AVC denials, system logins, account modifications, and authentication events. Events will be logged to /var/log/audit/audit.log . The recording of these events will use a modest amount of disk space on a system. If significantly more events are captured, additional on system or off system storage may need to be allocated.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      The recommendations in this section implement an audit policy that produces large quantities of logged data. In some environments it can be challenging to store or process these logs and as such they are marked as Level 2 for both Servers and Workstations. Note: For 64 bit systems that have arch as a rule parameter, you will need two rules: one for 64 bit and one for 32 bit systems. For 32 bit systems, only one rule is needed.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Note: Several recommendations in this section filter based off of auid>=1000 for unprivileged non-system users. Some distributions split at UID 500 instead, consult your documentation and/or the UID_MIN setting in /etc/login.defs to determine which is appropriate for you.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Note: Once all audit rules have been added to a file or files in the /etc/audit/rules.d/ directory, the auditd service must be re-started, or the system rebooted, for the new rules to be included.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      4.1.1 Ensure auditing is enabled

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      The capturing of system events provides system administrators with information to allow them to determine if unauthorized access to their system is occurring.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      4.1.2 Configure Data Retention

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      When auditing, it is important to carefully configure the storage requirements for audit logs. By default, auditd will max out the log files at 5MB and retain only 4 copies of them. Older versions will be deleted. It is possible on a system that the 20 MBs of audit logs may fill up the system causing loss of audit data. While the recommendations here provide guidance, check your site policy for audit storage requirements.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      4.2 Configure Logging

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Logging services should be configured to prevent information leaks and to aggregate logs on a remote server so that they can be reviewed in the event of a system compromise and ease log analysis.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      4.2.1 Configure rsyslog

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      The rsyslog software is recommended as a replacement for the syslogd daemon and provides improvements over syslogd , such as connection-oriented (i.e. TCP) transmission of logs, the option to log to database formats, and the encryption of log data en route to a central logging server. Note: This section only applies if rsyslog is installed on the system.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      4.2.1.1 Ensure rsyslog is installed

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      The rsyslog software is a recommended replacement to the original syslogd daemon which provide improvements over syslogd , such as connection-oriented (i.e. TCP) transmission of logs, the option to log to database formats, and the encryption of log data en route to a central logging server.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      The security enhancements of rsyslog such as connection-oriented (i.e. TCP) transmission of logs, the option to log to database formats, and the encryption of log data en route to a central logging server) justify installing and configuring the package.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Install rsyslog:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      # apt install rsyslog

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'rsyslog' is installed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.1.1_Ensure_rsyslog_is_installed"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.549Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/2"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/3"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807036"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807036">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807036"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'rsyslog' is installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                      References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Control: Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand, or recover from an attack.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Subcontrol: 6.2
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Label: Activate audit logging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Description: Ensure that local logging has been enabled on all systems and networking devices.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Control: Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand, or recover from an attack.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Subcontrol: 6.3
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Label: Enable Detailed Logging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Description: Enable system logging to include detailed information such as a event source, date, user, timestamp, source addresses, destination addresses, and other useful elements.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        4.2.1.2 Ensure rsyslog Service is enabled

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Once the rsyslog package is installed it needs to be activated.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        If the rsyslog service is not activated the system may default to the syslogd service or lack logging instead.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Run the following commands to enable rsyslog :

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        # systemctl --now enable rsyslog

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Criterion: Ensure standard service 'rsyslog' is enabled
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Systemdunitproperty Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Unit String Exists rsyslog
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Property String Exists UnitFileState
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Value String Exists No Value


                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.1.2_Ensure_rsyslog_Service_is_enabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.549Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/2"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/3"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806924"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806924">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806924"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure standard service 'rsyslog' is enabled</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Unit</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>rsyslog</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Property</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>UnitFileState</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                        References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Control: Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand, or recover from an attack.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Subcontrol: 6.2
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Label: Activate audit logging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Description: Ensure that local logging has been enabled on all systems and networking devices.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Control: Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand, or recover from an attack.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Subcontrol: 6.3
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Label: Enable Detailed Logging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Description: Enable system logging to include detailed information such as a event source, date, user, timestamp, source addresses, destination addresses, and other useful elements.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Manual

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          4.2.1.3 Ensure logging is configured

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          The /etc/rsyslog.conf and /etc/rsyslog.d/*.conf files specifies rules for logging and which files are to be used to log certain classes of messages.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          A great deal of important security-related information is sent via rsyslog (e.g., successful and failed su attempts, failed login attempts, root login attempts, etc.).

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Edit the following lines in the /etc/rsyslog.conf and /etc/rsyslog.d/*.conf files as appropriate for your environment:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          *.emerg :omusrmsg:*

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          auth,authpriv.* /var/log/auth.log

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          mail.* -/var/log/mail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          mail.info -/var/log/mail.info

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          mail.warning -/var/log/mail.warn

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          mail.err /var/log/mail.err

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          news.crit -/var/log/news/news.crit

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          news.err -/var/log/news/news.err

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          news.notice -/var/log/news/news.notice

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          *.=warning;*.=err -/var/log/warn

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          *.crit /var/log/warn

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          *.*;mail.none;news.none -/var/log/messages

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          local0,local1.* -/var/log/localmessages

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          local2,local3.* -/var/log/localmessages

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          local4,local5.* -/var/log/localmessages

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          local6,local7.* -/var/log/localmessages

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Run the following command to reload the rsyslog configuration:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          # systemctl reload rsyslog



                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.1.3_Ensure_logging_is_configured"
                   role="unscored"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.549Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="0.0">
   <xccdf:result>notchecked</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/2"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/3"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident system="http://cce.mitre.org">See the rsyslog.conf(5) man page for more information.</xccdf:ident>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Control: Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand, or recover from an attack.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Subcontrol: 6.2
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Label: Activate audit logging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Description: Ensure that local logging has been enabled on all systems and networking devices.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Control: Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand, or recover from an attack.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Subcontrol: 6.3
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Label: Enable Detailed Logging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Description: Enable system logging to include detailed information such as a event source, date, user, timestamp, source addresses, destination addresses, and other useful elements.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          4.2.1.4 Ensure rsyslog default file permissions configured

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          rsyslog will create logfiles that do not already exist on the system. This setting controls what permissions will be applied to these newly created files.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          It is important to ensure that log files have the correct permissions to ensure that sensitive data is archived and protected.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Edit the /etc/rsyslog.conf and /etc/rsyslog.d/*.conf files and set $FileCreateMode to 0640 or more restrictive:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          $FileCreateMode 0640

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/rsyslog.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*\$FileCreateMode\s+0[6420][40]0\s*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Criterion: Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+\.conf$ in /etc/rsyslog.d/ exists and matches pattern ^\s*\$FileCreateMode\s+0[6420][40]0\s*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Item Check: At least one
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.1.4_Ensure_rsyslog_default_file_permissions_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.550Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident system="http://cce.mitre.org">See the rsyslog.conf(5) man page for more information.</xccdf:ident>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806947"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806947">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806947"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/rsyslog.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*\$FileCreateMode\s+0[6420][40]0\s*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806956"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806956">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806956"
                       check="at least one"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+\.conf$ in /etc/rsyslog.d/ exists and matches pattern ^\s*\$FileCreateMode\s+0[6420][40]0\s*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>At least one</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Subcontrol: 5.1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          4.2.1.5 Ensure rsyslog is configured to send logs to a remote log host

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          The rsyslog utility supports the ability to send logs it gathers to a remote log host running syslogd(8) or to receive messages from remote hosts, reducing administrative overhead.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Storing log data on a remote host protects log integrity from local attacks. If an attacker gains root access on the local system, they could tamper with or remove log data that is stored on the local system

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Edit the /etc/rsyslog.conf and /etc/rsyslog.d/*.conf files and add one of the following lines:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Newer syntax:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          <files to sent to the remote log server> action(type="omfwd" target="<FQDN or ip of loghost>" port="<port number>" protocol="tcp"

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          action.resumeRetryCount="<number of re-tries>"

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          queue.type="linkList" queue.size=<number of messages to queue>")

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Example:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          *.* action(type="omfwd" target="192.168.2.100" port"514" protocol="tcp"

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          action.resumeRetryCount="100"

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          queue.type="linkList" queue.size="1000")

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Older syntax:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          *.* @@<FQDN or ip of loghost>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Example:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          *.* @@192.168.2.100

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Run the following command to reload the rsyslog configuration:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          # systemctl reload rsyslog

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/rsyslog.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*\*\.\*\s+\@
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Criterion: Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+\.conf$ in /etc/rsyslog.d/ exists and matches pattern ^\s*\*\.\*\s+\@
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Item Check: At least one
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Criterion: Ensure /etc//rsyslog.conf contents Pattern Match target= (string)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Criterion: Ensure /etc/rsyslog.d//^.+\.conf$ contents Pattern Match target= (string)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.1.5_Ensure_rsyslog_is_configured_to_send_logs_to_a_remote_log_host"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.551Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/6"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/8"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident system="http://cce.mitre.org">See the rsyslog.conf(5) man page for more information.</xccdf:ident>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
         <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
            <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                         negate="false"
                         multi-check="false">
               <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                        name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806974"/>
               <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                  <div class="definition"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806974">
                     <div class="criteria">
                        <div class="criterion"
                             id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806974"
                             check="all"
                             check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                           <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                    <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/rsyslog.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*\*\.\*\s+\@</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                    <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                    <td>All</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                    <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                              </tr>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </evidence>
            </xccdf:check>
            <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                         negate="false"
                         multi-check="false">
               <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                        name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806982"/>
               <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                  <div class="definition"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806982">
                     <div class="criteria">
                        <div class="criterion"
                             id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806982"
                             check="at least one"
                             check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                           <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                    <td>Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+\.conf$ in /etc/rsyslog.d/ exists and matches pattern ^\s*\*\.\*\s+\@</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                    <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                    <td>At least one</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                    <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                              </tr>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </evidence>
            </xccdf:check>
         </xccdf:complex-check>
         <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:806994"
                                value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_8069941_var"/>
            <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:8069942"
                                value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_8069942_var"/>
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                     name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806994"/>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="definition"
                    id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806994">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806994"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure /etc//rsyslog.conf contents Pattern Match target= (string)</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
      </xccdf:complex-check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:807009"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_8070091_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:8070092"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_8070092_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807009"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807009">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807009"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure /etc/rsyslog.d//^.+\.conf$ contents Pattern Match target= (string)</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Control: Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand, or recover from an attack.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Subcontrol: 6.6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Label: Deploy SIEM or Log Analytic tool
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Description: Deploy Security Information and Event Management (SIEM) or log analytic tool for log correlation and analysis.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Control: Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand, or recover from an attack.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Subcontrol: 6.8
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Label: Regularly Tune SIEM
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Description: On a regular basis, tune your SIEM system to better identify actionable events and decrease event noise.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Manual

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          4.2.1.6 Ensure remote rsyslog messages are only accepted on designated log hosts.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          By default, rsyslog does not listen for log messages coming in from remote systems. The ModLoad tells rsyslog to load the imtcp.so module so it can listen over a network via TCP. The InputTCPServerRun option instructs rsyslogd to listen on the specified TCP port.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          The guidance in the section ensures that remote log hosts are configured to only accept rsyslog data from hosts within the specified domain and that those systems that are not designed to be log hosts do not accept any remote rsyslog messages. This provides protection from spoofed log data and ensures that system administrators are reviewing reasonably complete syslog data in a central location.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          For hosts that are designated as log hosts, edit the /etc/rsyslog.conf file and un-comment or add the following lines:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          $ModLoad imtcp



                                                                                                                                                                                                                          $InputTCPServerRun 514

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          For hosts that are not designated as log hosts, edit the /etc/rsyslog.conf file and comment or remove the following lines:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          # $ModLoad imtcp



                                                                                                                                                                                                                          # $InputTCPServerRun 514

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Run the following command to reload the rsyslogd configuration:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          # systemctl restart rsyslog



                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.1.6_Ensure_remote_rsyslog_messages_are_only_accepted_on_designated_log_hosts."
                   role="unscored"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.551Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="0.0">
   <xccdf:result>notchecked</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident system="http://cce.mitre.org">See the rsyslog(8) man page for more information.</xccdf:ident>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Subcontrol: 9.2
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Label: Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Description: Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with validated business needs are running on each system.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Back to Summary

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          4.2.2 Configure journald

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          systemd-journald is a system service that collects and stores logging data. It creates and maintains structured, indexed journals based on logging information that is received from a variety of sources: Kernel log messages, via kmsg

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Any changes made to the systemd-journald configuration will require a re-start of systemd-journald

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          4.2.2.1 Ensure journald is configured to send logs to rsyslog

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Data from journald may be stored in volatile memory or persisted locally on the server. Utilities exist to accept remote export of journald logs, however, use of the rsyslog service provides a consistent means of log collection and export.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Storing log data on a remote host protects log integrity from local attacks. If an attacker gains root access on the local system, they could tamper with or remove log data that is stored on the local system.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Edit the /etc/systemd/journald.conf file and add the following line:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          ForwardToSyslog=yes

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/systemd/journald.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*(?i)ForwardToSyslog\s*=\s*yes(\s+#.*)*$
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.2.1_Ensure_journald_is_configured_to_send_logs_to_rsyslog"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.552Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/5"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident system="http://cce.mitre.org">https://github.com/konstruktoid/hardening/blob/master/systemd.adoc#etcsystemdjournaldconf</xccdf:ident>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806936"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806936">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806936"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/systemd/journald.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*(?i)ForwardToSyslog\s*=\s*yes(\s+#.*)*$</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Control: Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand, or recover from an attack.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Subcontrol: 6.5
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Label: Central Log Management
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Description: Ensure that appropriate logs are being aggregated to a central log management system for analysis and review.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          4.2.2.2 Ensure journald is configured to compress large log files

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          The journald system includes the capability of compressing overly large files to avoid filling up the system with logs or making the logs unmanageably large.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Uncompressed large files may unexpectedly fill a filesystem leading to resource unavailability. Compressing logs prior to write can prevent sudden, unexpected filesystem impacts.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Edit the /etc/systemd/journald.conf file and add the following line:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Compress=yes

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/systemd/journald.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*(?i)Compress\s*=\s*yes(\s+#.*)*$
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.2.2_Ensure_journald_is_configured_to_compress_large_log_files"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.552Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident system="http://cce.mitre.org">https://github.com/konstruktoid/hardening/blob/master/systemd.adoc#etcsystemdjournaldconf</xccdf:ident>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806945"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806945">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806945"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/systemd/journald.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*(?i)Compress\s*=\s*yes(\s+#.*)*$</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Control: Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand, or recover from an attack.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Subcontrol: 6.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Label: Ensure adequate storage for logs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Description: Ensure that all systems that store logs have adequate storage space for the logs generated.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          4.2.2.3 Ensure journald is configured to write logfiles to persistent disk

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Data from journald may be stored in volatile memory or persisted locally on the server. Logs in memory will be lost upon a system reboot. By persisting logs to local disk on the server they are protected from loss.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Writing log data to disk will provide the ability to forensically reconstruct events which may have impacted the operations or security of a system even after a system crash or reboot.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Edit the /etc/systemd/journald.conf file and add the following line:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Storage=persistent

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/systemd/journald.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*(?i)Storage\s*=\s*persistent(\s+#.*)*$
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Item Check: At least one
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.2.3_Ensure_journald_is_configured_to_write_logfiles_to_persistent_disk"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.552Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/2"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/3"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident system="http://cce.mitre.org">https://github.com/konstruktoid/hardening/blob/master/systemd.adoc#etcsystemdjournaldconf</xccdf:ident>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806955"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806955">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806955"
                       check="at least one"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/systemd/journald.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*(?i)Storage\s*=\s*persistent(\s+#.*)*$</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>At least one</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Control: Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand, or recover from an attack.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Subcontrol: 6.2
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Label: Activate audit logging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Description: Ensure that local logging has been enabled on all systems and networking devices.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Control: Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand, or recover from an attack.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Subcontrol: 6.3
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Label: Enable Detailed Logging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Description: Enable system logging to include detailed information such as a event source, date, user, timestamp, source addresses, destination addresses, and other useful elements.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          4.2.3 Ensure permissions on all logfiles are configured

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Log files stored in /var/log/ contain logged information from many services on the system, or on log hosts others as well.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          It is important to ensure that log files have the correct permissions to ensure that sensitive data is archived and protected.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Run the following commands to set permissions on all existing log files:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          find /var/log -type f -exec chmod g-wx,o-rwx "{}" + -o -type d -exec chmod g-w,o-rwx "{}" +

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Criterion: Ensure any file(s) named ^.+$ in /var/log exists and does not have permissions ----wxrwx
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Existence Check: Any Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Filepath String Exists /var/log/lastlog
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Path String Exists /var/log
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Filename String Exists lastlog
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Type String Exists regular
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Group Id Int Exists 43
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          A Time Int Exists 1627069456
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          C Time Int Exists 1627069456
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          M Time Int Exists 1627069456
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Size Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Uread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Uwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Gread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Gwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Filepath String Exists /var/log/wtmp
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Path String Exists /var/log
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Filename String Exists wtmp
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Type String Exists regular
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Group Id Int Exists 43
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          A Time Int Exists 1627070896
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          C Time Int Exists 1627069532
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          M Time Int Exists 1627069532
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Size Int Exists 768
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Uread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Uwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Gread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Gwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Filepath String Exists /var/log/dpkg.log
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Path String Exists /var/log
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Filename String Exists dpkg.log
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Type String Exists regular
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Group Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          A Time Int Exists 1627070079
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          C Time Int Exists 1627070125
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          M Time Int Exists 1627070125
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Size Int Exists 104975
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Uread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Uwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Gread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Filepath String Exists /var/log/btmp
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Path String Exists /var/log
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Filename String Exists btmp
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Type String Exists regular
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Group Id Int Exists 43
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          A Time Int Exists 1627069456
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          C Time Int Exists 1627069456
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          M Time Int Exists 1627069456
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Size Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Uread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Uwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Gread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Gwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oread Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Filepath String Exists /var/log/alternatives.log
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Path String Exists /var/log
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Filename String Exists alternatives.log
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Type String Exists regular
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Group Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          A Time Int Exists 1627070118
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          C Time Int Exists 1627070125
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          M Time Int Exists 1627070125
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Size Int Exists 16217
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Uread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Uwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Gread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Filepath String Exists /var/log/fontconfig.log
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Path String Exists /var/log
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Filename String Exists fontconfig.log
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Type String Exists regular
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Group Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          A Time Int Exists 1627070115
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          C Time Int Exists 1627070117
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          M Time Int Exists 1627070117
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Size Int Exists 352
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Uread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Uwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Gread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Filepath String Exists /var/log/dockerd.log
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Path String Exists /var/log
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Filename String Exists dockerd.log
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Type String Exists regular
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Group Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          A Time Int Exists 1626811642
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          C Time Int Exists 1626830018
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          M Time Int Exists 1626811642
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Size Int Exists 11297
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Uread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Uwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Gread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Filepath String Exists /var/log/apt/history.log
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Path String Exists /var/log/apt
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Filename String Exists history.log
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Type String Exists regular
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Group Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          A Time Int Exists 1627070079
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          C Time Int Exists 1627070125
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          M Time Int Exists 1627070125
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Size Int Exists 7186
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Uread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Uwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Gread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Filepath String Exists /var/log/apt/eipp.log.xz
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Path String Exists /var/log/apt
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Filename String Exists eipp.log.xz
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Type String Exists regular
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Group Id Int Exists 0
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                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Path String Exists /var/log/containers/kube-proxy-kb5fb_kube-system_kube-proxy-57469dff07767cc37acfaaa5bb9b83dcfea695b0a6e40ff59da8d01f4e17c703.log
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                                                                                                                                                                                                                          File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Filepath String Exists /var/log/apache2/error.log
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Path String Exists /var/log/apache2
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Filename String Exists error.log
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Type String Exists regular
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Group Id Int Exists 4
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                                                                                                                                                                                                                          File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Filepath String Exists /var/log/apache2/other_vhosts_access.log
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Path String Exists /var/log/apache2
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Filename String Exists other_vhosts_access.log
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Type String Exists regular
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                                                                                                                                                                                                                          File Item
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                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Filepath String Exists /var/log/apache2/access.log
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Path String Exists /var/log/apache2
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Filename String Exists access.log
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                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                          <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.2.3_Ensure_permissions_on_all_logfiles_are_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.552Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/13"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806713"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806713">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806713"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="any_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure any file(s) named ^.+$ in /var/log exists and does not have permissions ----wxrwx</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>Any Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log/lastlog</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>lastlog</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>43</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069456</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069456</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069456</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log/wtmp</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>wtmp</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>43</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070896</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069532</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069532</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>768</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log/dpkg.log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>dpkg.log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070079</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070125</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070125</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>104975</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log/btmp</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>btmp</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>43</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069456</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069456</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069456</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log/alternatives.log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>alternatives.log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070118</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070125</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070125</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>16217</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log/fontconfig.log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>fontconfig.log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070115</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070117</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070117</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>352</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log/dockerd.log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>dockerd.log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811642</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626830018</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811642</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>11297</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log/apt/history.log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log/apt</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>history.log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070079</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070125</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070125</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7186</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log/apt/eipp.log.xz</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log/apt</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>eipp.log.xz</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070078</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070078</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070078</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>16544</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log/apt/term.log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log/apt</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>term.log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>4</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070079</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070125</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070125</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>49030</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>^.+$</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>^.+$</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log/pods/kube-system_coredns-74ff55c5b-j4rq7_46113055-d473-4289-b23b-9dd1e12bdc50/coredns/0.log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>symbolic link</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069538</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069538</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069538</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>165</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>^.+$</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log/pods/kube-system_kube-controller-manager-controlplane_a875134e700993a22f67999011829566/kube-controller-manager/0.log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>symbolic link</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069480</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069480</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069480</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>165</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>^.+$</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log/pods/kube-system_coredns-74ff55c5b-jlvd6_b256c20d-971c-46d5-bae7-99de8b3cbc4e/coredns/0.log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>symbolic link</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069538</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069538</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069538</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>165</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>^.+$</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log/pods/kube-system_kube-scheduler-controlplane_81d2d21449d64d5e6d5e9069a7ca99ed/kube-scheduler/0.log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>symbolic link</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069479</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069479</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069479</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>165</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>^.+$</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log/pods/kube-system_kube-apiserver-controlplane_4b3d6de25a6384f9b10f5c95b9de8518/kube-apiserver/0.log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>symbolic link</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069480</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069480</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069480</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>165</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>^.+$</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log/pods/kube-system_etcd-controlplane_21aeaab04e4e360c1cd985cc17a22c79/etcd/0.log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>symbolic link</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069480</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069480</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069480</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>165</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>^.+$</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log/pods/kube-system_kube-flannel-ds-zn8zb_6f546803-8817-4485-b00c-c792c28a62f2/kube-flannel/0.log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>symbolic link</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069529</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069529</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069529</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>165</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log/pods/kube-system_kube-flannel-ds-zn8zb_6f546803-8817-4485-b00c-c792c28a62f2/install-cni/0.log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>symbolic link</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069526</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069526</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069526</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>165</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>^.+$</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log/pods/kube-system_kube-proxy-kb5fb_8643b5d3-009e-4a7e-ab35-bce310b70867/kube-proxy/0.log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>symbolic link</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069525</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069525</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069525</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>165</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log/containers/etcd-controlplane_kube-system_etcd-368c24f0e5c9561bdf93cef5499f184853b9db8f05b11d9bae12a43eabb19e30.log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>symbolic link</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069480</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069480</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069480</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>87</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log/containers/kube-scheduler-controlplane_kube-system_kube-scheduler-a2f952e994f083a19daa19fc93b35d6d5afdaa55b422697e19f1f6da49fc078f.log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>symbolic link</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069479</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069479</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069479</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>107</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log/containers/kube-flannel-ds-zn8zb_kube-system_install-cni-8e19291563051d347e93c1e450707ea96c8c1339cde173da42ccfdedbebf685a.log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>symbolic link</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069526</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069526</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069526</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>102</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log/containers/coredns-74ff55c5b-j4rq7_kube-system_coredns-980f6eb893c053b587a62d818b29277c10684e4687894d9c717c742984cac66a.log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>symbolic link</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069538</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069538</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069538</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>100</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log/containers/coredns-74ff55c5b-jlvd6_kube-system_coredns-055a9cd0af1e1d525643928ded42a6ebda287c9a17af5ae563136d6cb5111538.log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>symbolic link</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069538</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069538</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069538</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>100</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log/containers/kube-proxy-kb5fb_kube-system_kube-proxy-57469dff07767cc37acfaaa5bb9b83dcfea695b0a6e40ff59da8d01f4e17c703.log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>symbolic link</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069525</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069525</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069525</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>96</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log/containers/kube-controller-manager-controlplane_kube-system_kube-controller-manager-d11b93a7aea34d94faa146424196271d62c6d52a455788cef7e0169b26c6abb2.log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>symbolic link</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069480</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069480</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069480</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>125</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log/containers/kube-apiserver-controlplane_kube-system_kube-apiserver-1cabba986aef1e222d592f0fe036b1627b14909342c83485d34ca63a4c5971ed.log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>symbolic link</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069480</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069480</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069480</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>107</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log/containers/kube-flannel-ds-zn8zb_kube-system_kube-flannel-42c6c62176b254280de3ee0c6d87f92f04172e8115b3eea927be6dd06cab89e9.log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>symbolic link</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069529</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069529</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627069529</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>103</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log/apache2/error.log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log/apache2</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>error.log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>4</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070113</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070134</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070134</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>281</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log/apache2/other_vhosts_access.log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log/apache2</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>other_vhosts_access.log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>4</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070113</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070735</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070735</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>805</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log/apache2/access.log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/log/apache2</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>access.log</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>4</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070113</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070113</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070113</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                          References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                            CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Control 13: Data Protection: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Control: The processes and tools used to prevent data exfiltration, mitigate the effects of exfiltrated data, and ensure the privacy and integrity of sensitive information.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Manual

                                                                                                                                                                                                                            4.3 Ensure logrotate is configured

                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                            The system includes the capability of rotating log files regularly to avoid filling up the system with logs or making the logs unmanageably large. The file /etc/logrotate.d/rsyslog is the configuration file used to rotate log files created by rsyslog .

                                                                                                                                                                                                                            By keeping the log files smaller and more manageable, a system administrator can easily archive these files to another system and spend less time looking through inordinately large log files.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Edit /etc/logrotate.conf and /etc/logrotate.d/rsyslog to ensure logs are rotated according to site policy.



                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                            <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_4.3_Ensure_logrotate_is_configured"
                   role="unscored"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.552Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="0.0">
   <xccdf:result>notchecked</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                            References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                              CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Control: Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand, or recover from an attack.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Subcontrol: 6.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Label: Ensure adequate storage for logs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Description: Ensure that all systems that store logs have adequate storage space for the logs generated.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Back to Summary

                                                                                                                                                                                                                              5 Access, Authentication and Authorization

                                                                                                                                                                                                                              5.1 Configure cron

                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                              5.1.1 Ensure cron daemon is enabled

                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                              The cron daemon is used to execute batch jobs on the system.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                              While there may not be user jobs that need to be run on the system, the system does have maintenance jobs that may include security monitoring that have to run, and cron is used to execute them.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Based on your system configuration, run the appropriate one of the following commands to enable cron :

                                                                                                                                                                                                                              # systemctl --now enable cron

                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Criterion: Ensure standard service 'cron' is enabled
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Systemdunitproperty Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Unit String Exists cron
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Property String Exists UnitFileState
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Value String Exists No Value


                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                              <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.1_Ensure_cron_daemon_is_enabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.552Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806735"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806735">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806735"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure standard service 'cron' is enabled</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Systemdunitproperty Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Unit</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>cron</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Property</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>UnitFileState</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                              References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Control: Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand, or recover from an attack.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                5.1.2 Ensure permissions on /etc/crontab are configured

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                The /etc/crontab file is used by cron to control its own jobs. The commands in this item make sure that root is the user and group owner of the file and that only the owner can access the file.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                This file contains information on what system jobs are run by cron. Write access to these files could provide unprivileged users with the ability to elevate their privileges. Read access to these files could provide users with the ability to gain insight on system jobs that run on the system and could provide them a way to gain unauthorized privileged access.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Run the following commands to set ownership and permissions on /etc/crontab :

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                # chown root:root /etc/crontab # chmod og-rwx /etc/crontab

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/crontab exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions ---rwxrwx
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.2_Ensure_permissions_on_etccrontab_are_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.552Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806746"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806746">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806746"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/crontab exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions ---rwxrwx</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these critical assets based on an approved classification.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Subcontrol: 14.6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Label: Protect Information through Access Control Lists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Description: Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims, application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  5.1.3 Ensure permissions on /etc/cron.hourly are configured

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  This directory contains system cron jobs that need to run on an hourly basis. The files in this directory cannot be manipulated by the crontab command, but are instead edited by system administrators using a text editor. The commands below restrict read/write and search access to user and group root, preventing regular users from accessing this directory.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Granting write access to this directory for non-privileged users could provide them the means for gaining unauthorized elevated privileges. Granting read access to this directory could give an unprivileged user insight in how to gain elevated privileges or circumvent auditing controls.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Run the following commands to set ownership and permissions on /etc/cron.hourly :

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  # chown root:root /etc/cron.hourly # chmod og-rwx /etc/cron.hourly

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/cron.hourly/ exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions ---rwxrwx
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Path String Exists /etc/cron.hourly
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Filename String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Type String Not collected No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Group Id Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  User Id Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  A Time Int Exists null
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  C Time Int Exists null
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  M Time Int Exists null
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Size Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Uread Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Uwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Gread Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oread Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.3_Ensure_permissions_on_etccron.hourly_are_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.552Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806756"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806756">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806756"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/cron.hourly/ exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions ---rwxrwx</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc/cron.hourly</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these critical assets based on an approved classification.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Subcontrol: 14.6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Label: Protect Information through Access Control Lists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Description: Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims, application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    5.1.4 Ensure permissions on /etc/cron.daily are configured

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    The /etc/cron.daily directory contains system cron jobs that need to run on a daily basis. The files in this directory cannot be manipulated by the crontab command, but are instead edited by system administrators using a text editor. The commands below restrict read/write and search access to user and group root, preventing regular users from accessing this directory.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Granting write access to this directory for non-privileged users could provide them the means for gaining unauthorized elevated privileges. Granting read access to this directory could give an unprivileged user insight in how to gain elevated privileges or circumvent auditing controls.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Run the following commands to set ownership and permissions on /etc/cron.daily :

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    # chown root:root /etc/cron.daily # chmod og-rwx /etc/cron.daily

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/cron.daily/ exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions ---rwxrwx
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Path String Exists /etc/cron.daily
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Filename String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Type String Exists directory
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Group Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    A Time Int Exists 1626829983
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    C Time Int Exists 1627070111
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    M Time Int Exists 1627070111
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Size Int Exists 4096
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Uread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Uwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Uexec Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Gread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Gexec Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Oread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Oexec Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.4_Ensure_permissions_on_etccron.daily_are_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.552Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806769"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806769">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806769"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/cron.daily/ exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions ---rwxrwx</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc/cron.daily</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>directory</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626829983</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070111</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070111</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>4096</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these critical assets based on an approved classification.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Subcontrol: 14.6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Label: Protect Information through Access Control Lists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Description: Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims, application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      5.1.5 Ensure permissions on /etc/cron.weekly are configured

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      The /etc/cron.weekly directory contains system cron jobs that need to run on a weekly basis. The files in this directory cannot be manipulated by the crontab command, but are instead edited by system administrators using a text editor. The commands below restrict read/write and search access to user and group root, preventing regular users from accessing this directory.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Granting write access to this directory for non-privileged users could provide them the means for gaining unauthorized elevated privileges. Granting read access to this directory could give an unprivileged user insight in how to gain elevated privileges or circumvent auditing controls.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Run the following commands to set ownership and permissions on /etc/cron.weekly :

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      # chown root:root /etc/cron.weekly # chmod og-rwx /etc/cron.weekly

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/cron.weekly/ exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions ---rwxrwx
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Path String Exists /etc/cron.weekly
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Filename String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Type String Not collected No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Group Id Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      User Id Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      A Time Int Exists null
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      C Time Int Exists null
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      M Time Int Exists null
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Size Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Uread Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Uwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Gread Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Oread Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.5_Ensure_permissions_on_etccron.weekly_are_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.552Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806780"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806780">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806780"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/cron.weekly/ exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions ---rwxrwx</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc/cron.weekly</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these critical assets based on an approved classification.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Subcontrol: 14.6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Label: Protect Information through Access Control Lists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Description: Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims, application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        5.1.6 Ensure permissions on /etc/cron.monthly are configured

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        The /etc/cron.monthly directory contains system cron jobs that need to run on a monthly basis. The files in this directory cannot be manipulated by the crontab command, but are instead edited by system administrators using a text editor. The commands below restrict read/write and search access to user and group root, preventing regular users from accessing this directory.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Granting write access to this directory for non-privileged users could provide them the means for gaining unauthorized elevated privileges. Granting read access to this directory could give an unprivileged user insight in how to gain elevated privileges or circumvent auditing controls.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Run the following commands to set ownership and permissions on /etc/cron.monthly :

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        # chown root:root /etc/cron.monthly # chmod og-rwx /etc/cron.monthly

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/cron.monthly/ exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions ---rwxrwx
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Path String Exists /etc/cron.monthly
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Filename String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Type String Not collected No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Group Id Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        User Id Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        A Time Int Exists null
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        C Time Int Exists null
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        M Time Int Exists null
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Size Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Uread Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Uwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Gread Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Oread Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.6_Ensure_permissions_on_etccron.monthly_are_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.552Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806797"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806797">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806797"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/cron.monthly/ exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions ---rwxrwx</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc/cron.monthly</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these critical assets based on an approved classification.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Subcontrol: 14.6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Label: Protect Information through Access Control Lists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Description: Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims, application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          5.1.7 Ensure permissions on /etc/cron.d are configured

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          The /etc/cron.d directory contains system cron jobs that need to run in a similar manner to the hourly, daily weekly and monthly jobs from /etc/crontab , but require more granular control as to when they run. The files in this directory cannot be manipulated by the crontab command, but are instead edited by system administrators using a text editor. The commands below restrict read/write and search access to user and group root, preventing regular users from accessing this directory.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Granting write access to this directory for non-privileged users could provide them the means for gaining unauthorized elevated privileges. Granting read access to this directory could give an unprivileged user insight in how to gain elevated privileges or circumvent auditing controls.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Run the following commands to set ownership and permissions on /etc/cron.d :

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          # chown root:root /etc/cron.d # chmod og-rwx /etc/cron.d

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/cron.d/ exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions ---rwxrwx
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Path String Exists /etc/cron.d
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Filename String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Type String Not collected No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Group Id Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          User Id Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          A Time Int Exists null
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          C Time Int Exists null
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          M Time Int Exists null
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Size Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Uread Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Uwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Gread Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oread Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.7_Ensure_permissions_on_etccron.d_are_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.552Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806813"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806813">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806813"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/cron.d/ exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions ---rwxrwx</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc/cron.d</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these critical assets based on an approved classification.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Subcontrol: 14.6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Label: Protect Information through Access Control Lists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Description: Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims, application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            5.1.8 Ensure at/cron is restricted to authorized users

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Configure /etc/cron.allow and /etc/at.allow to allow specific users to use these services. If /etc/cron.allow or /etc/at.allow do not exist, then /etc/at.deny and /etc/cron.deny are checked. Any user not specifically defined in those files is allowed to use at and cron. By removing the files, only users in /etc/cron.allow and /etc/at.allow are allowed to use at and cron. Note that even though a given user is not listed in cron.allow , cron jobs can still be run as that user. The cron.allow file only controls administrative access to the crontab command for scheduling and modifying cron jobs.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            On many systems, only the system administrator is authorized to schedule cron jobs. Using the cron.allow file to control who can run cron jobs enforces this policy. It is easier to manage an allow list than a deny list. In a deny list, you could potentially add a user ID to the system and forget to add it to the deny files.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Run the following commands to remove /etc/cron.deny and /etc/at.deny and create and set permissions and ownership for /etc/cron.allow and /etc/at.allow :

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            # rm /etc/cron.deny

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            # rm /etc/at.deny



                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            # touch /etc/cron.allow

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            # touch /etc/at.allow



                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            # chmod o-rwx /etc/cron.allow

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            # chmod g-wx /etc/cron.allow

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            # chmod o-rwx /etc/at.allow

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            # chmod g-wx /etc/at.allow



                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            # chown root:root /etc/cron.allow

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            # chown root:root /etc/at.allow

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/at.allow exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions ----wxrwx
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Criterion: Ensure no file named /etc/cron.deny exists and unknown test
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Criterion: Ensure no file named /etc/at.deny exists and unknown test
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/cron.allow exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions ----wxrwx
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.1.8_Ensure_atcron_is_restricted_to_authorized_users"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.553Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
         <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
            <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                         negate="false"
                         multi-check="false">
               <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                        name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806826"/>
               <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                  <div class="definition"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806826">
                     <div class="criteria">
                        <div class="criterion"
                             id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806826"
                             check="all"
                             check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                           <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                    <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/at.allow exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions ----wxrwx</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                    <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                    <td>All</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                    <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                              </tr>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </evidence>
            </xccdf:check>
            <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                         negate="false"
                         multi-check="false">
               <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                        name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806838"/>
               <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                  <div class="definition"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806838">
                     <div class="criteria">
                        <div class="criterion"
                             id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806838"
                             check="all"
                             check_existence="none_exist">
                           <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                    <td>Ensure no file named /etc/cron.deny exists and unknown test</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                    <td>None Exist</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                    <td>All</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                    <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                              </tr>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </evidence>
            </xccdf:check>
         </xccdf:complex-check>
         <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                     name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806846"/>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="definition"
                    id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806846">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806846"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="none_exist">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure no file named /etc/at.deny exists and unknown test</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>None Exist</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
      </xccdf:complex-check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806855"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806855">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806855"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/cron.allow exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions ----wxrwx</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these critical assets based on an approved classification.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Subcontrol: 14.6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Label: Protect Information through Access Control Lists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Description: Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims, application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Back to Summary

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              5.2 SSH Server Configuration

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              SSH is a secure, encrypted replacement for common login services such as telnet , ftp , rlogin , rsh , and rcp . It is strongly recommended that sites abandon older clear-text login protocols and use SSH to prevent session hijacking and sniffing of sensitive data off the network.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Note: The recommendations in this section only apply if the SSH daemon is installed on the system, if remote access is not required the SSH daemon can be removed and this section skipped.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Command to remove the SSH daemon:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              # apt purge openssh-server

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Note: Once all configuration changes have been made to /etc/ssh/sshd_config , the sshd configuration must be reloaded:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Command to re-load the SSH daemon configuration:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              # systemctl reload sshd
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              5.2.1 Ensure permissions on /etc/ssh/sshd_config are configured

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              The /etc/ssh/sshd_config file contains configuration specifications for sshd . The command below sets the owner and group of the file to root.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              The /etc/ssh/sshd_config file needs to be protected from unauthorized changes by non-privileged users.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Run the following commands to set ownership and permissions on /etc/ssh/sshd_config :

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              # chown root:root /etc/ssh/sshd_config # chmod og-rwx /etc/ssh/sshd_config

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/ssh/sshd_config exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions ---rwxrwx
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Filepath String Exists /etc/ssh/sshd_config
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Path String Exists /etc/ssh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Filename String Exists sshd_config
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Type String Exists regular
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Group Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              A Time Int Exists 1626811552
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              C Time Int Exists 1626829985
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              M Time Int Exists 1626811552
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Size Int Exists 3284
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Uread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Uwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Gread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Oread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Dpkginfo Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name String Exists openssh-server
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Arch String Exists amd64
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Epoch String Exists 1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Release String Exists 4ubuntu0.3
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Version String Exists 7.6p1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Evr Evr String Exists 1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.1_Ensure_permissions_on_etcsshsshd_config_are_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.553Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806818"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806818">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806818"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/ssh/sshd_config exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions ---rwxrwx</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc/ssh/sshd_config</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc/ssh</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>sshd_config</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811552</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626829985</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811552</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>3284</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806828"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806828">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806828"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Name</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>openssh-server</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Arch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>amd64</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Epoch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Release</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Version</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7.6p1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Evr</td>
                              <td>Evr String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these critical assets based on an approved classification.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Subcontrol: 14.6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Label: Protect Information through Access Control Lists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Description: Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims, application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                5.2.2 Ensure permissions on SSH private host key files are configured

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                An SSH private key is one of two files used in SSH public key authentication. In this authentication method, The possession of the private key is proof of identity. Only a private key that corresponds to a public key will be able to authenticate successfully. The private keys need to be stored and handled carefully, and no copies of the private key should be distributed.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                If an unauthorized user obtains the private SSH host key file, the host could be impersonated

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Run the following commands to set ownership and permissions on the private SSH host key files

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                # find /etc/ssh -xdev -type f -name 'ssh_host_*_key' -exec chown root:root {} \; # find /etc/ssh -xdev -type f -name 'ssh_host_*_key' -exec chmod 0600 {} \;

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Criterion: Ensure any file(s) named ^(ssh\_host\_.*\_key)$ in /etc/ssh exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions ---rwxrwx
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Existence Check: Any Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Filepath String Exists /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Path String Exists /etc/ssh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Filename String Exists ssh_host_rsa_key
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Type String Exists regular
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Group Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                A Time Int Exists 1626811533
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                C Time Int Exists 1626829985
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                M Time Int Exists 1626811533
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Size Int Exists 1679
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Uread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Uwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Gread Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Oread Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Filepath String Exists /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Path String Exists /etc/ssh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Filename String Exists ssh_host_ed25519_key
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Type String Exists regular
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Group Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                A Time Int Exists 1626811533
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                C Time Int Exists 1626829985
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                M Time Int Exists 1626811533
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Size Int Exists 411
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Uread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Uwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Gread Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Oread Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Filepath String Exists /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Path String Exists /etc/ssh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Filename String Exists ssh_host_ecdsa_key
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Type String Exists regular
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Group Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                A Time Int Exists 1626811533
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                C Time Int Exists 1626829985
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                M Time Int Exists 1626811533
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Size Int Exists 227
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Uread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Uwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Gread Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Oread Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Dpkginfo Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Name String Exists openssh-server
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Arch String Exists amd64
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Epoch String Exists 1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Release String Exists 4ubuntu0.3
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Version String Exists 7.6p1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Evr Evr String Exists 1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.2_Ensure_permissions_on_SSH_private_host_key_files_are_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.554Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807023"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807023">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807023"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="any_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure any file(s) named ^(ssh\_host\_.*\_key)$ in /etc/ssh exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions ---rwxrwx</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>Any Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc/ssh</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>ssh_host_rsa_key</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811533</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626829985</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811533</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1679</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc/ssh</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>ssh_host_ed25519_key</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811533</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626829985</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811533</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>411</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc/ssh</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>ssh_host_ecdsa_key</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811533</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626829985</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811533</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>227</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807034"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807034">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807034"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Name</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>openssh-server</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Arch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>amd64</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Epoch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Release</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Version</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7.6p1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Evr</td>
                              <td>Evr String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these critical assets based on an approved classification.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Subcontrol: 14.6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Label: Protect Information through Access Control Lists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Description: Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims, application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  5.2.3 Ensure permissions on SSH public host key files are configured

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  An SSH public key is one of two files used in SSH public key authentication. In this authentication method, a public key is a key that can be used for verifying digital signatures generated using a corresponding private key. Only a public key that corresponds to a private key will be able to authenticate successfully.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  If a public host key file is modified by an unauthorized user, the SSH service may be compromised.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Run the following commands to set permissions and ownership on the SSH host public key files

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  # find /etc/ssh -xdev -type f -name 'ssh_host_*_key.pub' -exec chmod 0644 {} \; # find /etc/ssh -xdev -type f -name 'ssh_host_*_key.pub' -exec chown root:root {} \;

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Criterion: Ensure all {else} no file(s) named ^(ssh\_host\_.*\_key\.pub)$ in /etc/ssh exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions ----wx-wx
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Existence Check: All Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Filepath String Exists /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key.pub
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Path String Exists /etc/ssh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Filename String Exists ssh_host_ed25519_key.pub
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Type String Exists regular
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Group Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  A Time Int Exists 1626811533
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  C Time Int Exists 1626829985
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  M Time Int Exists 1626811533
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Size Int Exists 99
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Uread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Uwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Gread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Filepath String Exists /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key.pub
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Path String Exists /etc/ssh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Filename String Exists ssh_host_ecdsa_key.pub
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Type String Exists regular
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Group Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  A Time Int Exists 1626811533
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  C Time Int Exists 1626829985
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  M Time Int Exists 1626811533
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Size Int Exists 179
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Uread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Uwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Gread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Filepath String Exists /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key.pub
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Path String Exists /etc/ssh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Filename String Exists ssh_host_rsa_key.pub
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Type String Exists regular
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Group Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  A Time Int Exists 1626811533
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  C Time Int Exists 1626829985
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  M Time Int Exists 1626811533
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Size Int Exists 399
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Uread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Uwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Gread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Dpkginfo Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Name String Exists openssh-server
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Arch String Exists amd64
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Epoch String Exists 1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Release String Exists 4ubuntu0.3
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Version String Exists 7.6p1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Evr Evr String Exists 1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.3_Ensure_permissions_on_SSH_public_host_key_files_are_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.554Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807043"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807043">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807043"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="all_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure all {else} no file(s) named ^(ssh\_host\_.*\_key\.pub)$ in /etc/ssh exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions ----wx-wx</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>All Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key.pub</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc/ssh</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>ssh_host_ed25519_key.pub</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811533</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626829985</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811533</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key.pub</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc/ssh</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>ssh_host_ecdsa_key.pub</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811533</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626829985</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811533</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>179</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key.pub</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc/ssh</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>ssh_host_rsa_key.pub</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811533</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626829985</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811533</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>399</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807056"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807056">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807056"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Name</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>openssh-server</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Arch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>amd64</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Epoch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Release</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Version</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7.6p1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Evr</td>
                              <td>Evr String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these critical assets based on an approved classification.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Subcontrol: 14.6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Label: Protect Information through Access Control Lists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Description: Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims, application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    5.2.4 Ensure SSH Protocol is not set to 1

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Older versions of SSH support two different and incompatible protocols: SSH1 and SSH2. SSH1 was the original protocol and was subject to security issues. SSH2 is more advanced and secure.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    SSH v1 suffers from insecurities that do not affect SSH v2.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Edit the /etc/ssh/sshd_config file to set the parameter as follows:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Protocol 2

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Criterion: Ensure no file named /etc/ssh/sshd_config exists and matches pattern ^\s*(?i)protocol\s+(1|1\s*,\s*2|2\s*,\s*1)\s*
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Dpkginfo Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Name String Exists openssh-server
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Arch String Exists amd64
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Epoch String Exists 1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Release String Exists 4ubuntu0.3
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Version String Exists 7.6p1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Evr Evr String Exists 1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.4_Ensure_SSH_Protocol_is_not_set_to_1"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.554Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/4/subcontrol/5"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806833"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806833">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806833"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure no file named /etc/ssh/sshd_config exists and matches pattern ^\s*(?i)protocol\s+(1|1\s*,\s*2|2\s*,\s*1)\s*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806837"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806837">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806837"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Name</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>openssh-server</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Arch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>amd64</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Epoch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Release</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Version</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7.6p1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Evr</td>
                              <td>Evr String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these critical assets based on an approved classification.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Subcontrol: 14.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Label: Encrypt All Sensitive Information in Transit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Description: Encrypt all sensitive information in transit.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Control 4: Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the use, assignment, and configuration of administrative privileges on computers, networks, and applications.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Subcontrol: 4.5
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Label: Use Multifactor Authentication For All Administrative Access
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Description: Use multi-factor authentication and encrypted channels for all administrative account access.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      5.2.5 Ensure SSH LogLevel is appropriate

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      INFO level is the basic level that only records login activity of SSH users. In many situations, such as Incident Response, it is important to determine when a particular user was active on a system. The logout record can eliminate those users who disconnected, which helps narrow the field.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      VERBOSE level specifies that login and logout activity as well as the key fingerprint for any SSH key used for login will be logged. This information is important for SSH key management, especially in legacy environments.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      SSH provides several logging levels with varying amounts of verbosity. DEBUG is specifically not recommended other than strictly for debugging SSH communications since it provides so much data that it is difficult to identify important security information.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Edit the /etc/ssh/sshd_config file to set the parameter as follows:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      LogLevel VERBOSE

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      OR

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      LogLevel INFO

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Script: sce/sshd_running_config.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Exit Value: 101
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • PASSED! sshd parameter: "loglevel INFO"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      No error lines were collected.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Dpkginfo Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Name String Exists openssh-server
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Arch String Exists amd64
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Epoch String Exists 1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Release String Exists 4ubuntu0.3
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Version String Exists 7.6p1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Evr Evr String Exists 1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.5_Ensure_SSH_LogLevel_is_appropriate"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.555Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/2"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/6/subcontrol/3"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident system="http://cce.mitre.org">https://www.ssh.com/ssh/sshd_config/</xccdf:ident>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_806845_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"/>
         <xccdf:check-content>
            <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
                            href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
                            xccdf="pass"
                            exit-value="101">
               <out>
                  <l>PASSED! sshd parameter: "loglevel INFO"</l>
               </out>
               <err/>
               <env/>
            </command_result>
         </xccdf:check-content>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="sce">
               <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                        <td>sce/sshd_running_config.sh</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                        <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                        <td>101</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                        <td>
                           <ul class="unstyled">
                              <li>PASSED! sshd parameter: "loglevel INFO"</li>
                           </ul>
                        </td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806851"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806851">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806851"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Name</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>openssh-server</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Arch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>amd64</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Epoch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Release</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Version</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7.6p1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Evr</td>
                              <td>Evr String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • CCE-IDv5: https://www.ssh.com/ssh/sshd_config/ -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        CCE Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        CCE-IDv5: https://www.ssh.com/ssh/sshd_config/
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Published On:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Last Modified On:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Control: Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand, or recover from an attack.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Subcontrol: 6.2
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Label: Activate audit logging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Description: Ensure that local logging has been enabled on all systems and networking devices.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Control 6: Maintenance, Monitoring and Analysis of Audit Logs: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Control: Collect, manage and analyze audit logs of events that could help detect, understand, or recover from an attack.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Subcontrol: 6.3
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Label: Enable Detailed Logging
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Description: Enable system logging to include detailed information such as a event source, date, user, timestamp, source addresses, destination addresses, and other useful elements.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      5.2.7 Ensure SSH MaxAuthTries is set to 4 or less

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      The MaxAuthTries parameter specifies the maximum number of authentication attempts permitted per connection. When the login failure count reaches half the number, error messages will be written to the syslog file detailing the login failure.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Setting the MaxAuthTries parameter to a low number will minimize the risk of successful brute force attacks to the SSH server. While the recommended setting is 4, set the number based on site policy.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Edit the /etc/ssh/sshd_config file to set the parameter as follows:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      MaxAuthTries 4

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Script: sce/sshd_running_config.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • FAILED! check sshd parameter: "maxauthtries 6"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      No error lines were collected.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Dpkginfo Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Name String Exists openssh-server
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Arch String Exists amd64
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Epoch String Exists 1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Release String Exists 4ubuntu0.3
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Version String Exists 7.6p1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Evr Evr String Exists 1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.7_Ensure_SSH_MaxAuthTries_is_set_to_4_or_less"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.555Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16/subcontrol/13"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_806866_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"/>
         <xccdf:check-content>
            <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
                            href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
                            xccdf="fail"
                            exit-value="102">
               <out>
                  <l>FAILED! check sshd parameter: "maxauthtries 6"</l>
               </out>
               <err/>
               <env/>
            </command_result>
         </xccdf:check-content>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="sce">
               <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                        <td>sce/sshd_running_config.sh</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                        <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                        <td>102</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                        <td>
                           <ul class="unstyled">
                              <li>FAILED! check sshd parameter: "maxauthtries 6"</li>
                           </ul>
                        </td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806870"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806870">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806870"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Name</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>openssh-server</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Arch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>amd64</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Epoch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Release</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Version</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7.6p1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Evr</td>
                              <td>Evr String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Control: Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation, use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage them.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Subcontrol: 16.13
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Label: Alert on Account Login Behavior Deviation
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Description: Alert when users deviate from normal login behavior, such as time-of-day, workstation location and duration.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        5.2.8 Ensure SSH IgnoreRhosts is enabled

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        The IgnoreRhosts parameter specifies that .rhosts and .shosts files will not be used in RhostsRSAAuthentication or HostbasedAuthentication .

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Setting this parameter forces users to enter a password when authenticating with ssh.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Edit the /etc/ssh/sshd_config file to set the parameter as follows:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        IgnoreRhosts yes

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Script: sce/sshd_running_config.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Exit Value: 101
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • PASSED! sshd parameter: "ignorerhosts yes"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        No error lines were collected.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Dpkginfo Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Name String Exists openssh-server
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Arch String Exists amd64
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Epoch String Exists 1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Release String Exists 4ubuntu0.3
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Version String Exists 7.6p1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Evr Evr String Exists 1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.8_Ensure_SSH_IgnoreRhosts_is_enabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.555Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/9/subcontrol/2"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_806876_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"/>
         <xccdf:check-content>
            <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
                            href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
                            xccdf="pass"
                            exit-value="101">
               <out>
                  <l>PASSED! sshd parameter: "ignorerhosts yes"</l>
               </out>
               <err/>
               <env/>
            </command_result>
         </xccdf:check-content>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="sce">
               <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                        <td>sce/sshd_running_config.sh</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                        <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                        <td>101</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                        <td>
                           <ul class="unstyled">
                              <li>PASSED! sshd parameter: "ignorerhosts yes"</li>
                           </ul>
                        </td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806880"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806880">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806880"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Name</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>openssh-server</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Arch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>amd64</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Epoch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Release</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Version</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7.6p1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Evr</td>
                              <td>Evr String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Control 9: Limitation and Control of Network Ports, Protocols, and Services: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Control: Manage (track/control/correct) the ongoing operational use of ports, protocols, and services on networked devices in order to minimize windows of vulnerability available to attackers.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Subcontrol: 9.2
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Label: Ensure Only Approved Ports, Protocols and Services Are Running
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Description: Ensure that only network ports, protocols, and services listening on a system with validated business needs are running on each system.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          5.2.9 Ensure SSH HostbasedAuthentication is disabled

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          The HostbasedAuthentication parameter specifies if authentication is allowed through trusted hosts via the user of .rhosts , or /etc/hosts.equiv , along with successful public key client host authentication. This option only applies to SSH Protocol Version 2.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Even though the .rhosts files are ineffective if support is disabled in /etc/pam.conf , disabling the ability to use .rhosts files in SSH provides an additional layer of protection.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Edit the /etc/ssh/sshd_config file to set the parameter as follows:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          HostbasedAuthentication no

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Script: sce/sshd_running_config.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exit Value: 101
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • PASSED! sshd parameter: "hostbasedauthentication no"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          No error lines were collected.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Dpkginfo Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name String Exists openssh-server
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Arch String Exists amd64
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Epoch String Exists 1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Release String Exists 4ubuntu0.3
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Version String Exists 7.6p1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Evr Evr String Exists 1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.9_Ensure_SSH_HostbasedAuthentication_is_disabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.555Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16/subcontrol/3"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_806888_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"/>
         <xccdf:check-content>
            <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
                            href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
                            xccdf="pass"
                            exit-value="101">
               <out>
                  <l>PASSED! sshd parameter: "hostbasedauthentication no"</l>
               </out>
               <err/>
               <env/>
            </command_result>
         </xccdf:check-content>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="sce">
               <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                        <td>sce/sshd_running_config.sh</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                        <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                        <td>101</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                        <td>
                           <ul class="unstyled">
                              <li>PASSED! sshd parameter: "hostbasedauthentication no"</li>
                           </ul>
                        </td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806889"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806889">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806889"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Name</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>openssh-server</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Arch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>amd64</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Epoch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Release</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Version</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7.6p1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Evr</td>
                              <td>Evr String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Control: Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation, use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage them.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Subcontrol: 16.3
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Label: Require Multi-Factor Authentication
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Description: Require multi-factor authentication for all user accounts, on all systems, whether managed on-site or by a third-party provider.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            5.2.10 Ensure SSH root login is disabled

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            The PermitRootLogin parameter specifies if the root user can log in using ssh. The default is no.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Disallowing root logins over SSH requires system admins to authenticate using their own individual account, then escalating to root via sudo or su . This in turn limits opportunity for non-repudiation and provides a clear audit trail in the event of a security incident

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Edit the /etc/ssh/sshd_config file to set the parameter as follows:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            PermitRootLogin no

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Script: sce/sshd_running_config.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • FAILED! check sshd parameter: "permitrootlogin yes"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            No error lines were collected.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Dpkginfo Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Name String Exists openssh-server
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Arch String Exists amd64
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Epoch String Exists 1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Release String Exists 4ubuntu0.3
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Version String Exists 7.6p1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Evr Evr String Exists 1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.10_Ensure_SSH_root_login_is_disabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.555Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/4/subcontrol/3"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_806896_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"/>
         <xccdf:check-content>
            <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
                            href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
                            xccdf="fail"
                            exit-value="102">
               <out>
                  <l>FAILED! check sshd parameter: "permitrootlogin yes"</l>
               </out>
               <err/>
               <env/>
            </command_result>
         </xccdf:check-content>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="sce">
               <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                        <td>sce/sshd_running_config.sh</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                        <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                        <td>102</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                        <td>
                           <ul class="unstyled">
                              <li>FAILED! check sshd parameter: "permitrootlogin yes"</li>
                           </ul>
                        </td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806901"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806901">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806901"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Name</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>openssh-server</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Arch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>amd64</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Epoch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Release</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Version</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7.6p1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Evr</td>
                              <td>Evr String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Control 4: Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the use, assignment, and configuration of administrative privileges on computers, networks, and applications.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Subcontrol: 4.3
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Label: Ensure the Use of Dedicated Administrative Accounts
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Description: Ensure that all users with administrative account access use a dedicated or secondary account for elevated activities. This account should only be used for administrative activities and not internet browsing, email, or similar activities.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              5.2.11 Ensure SSH PermitEmptyPasswords is disabled

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              The PermitEmptyPasswords parameter specifies if the SSH server allows login to accounts with empty password strings.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Disallowing remote shell access to accounts that have an empty password reduces the probability of unauthorized access to the system

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Edit the /etc/ssh/sshd_config file to set the parameter as follows:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              PermitEmptyPasswords no

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Script: sce/sshd_running_config.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exit Value: 101
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • PASSED! sshd parameter: "permitemptypasswords no"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              No error lines were collected.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Dpkginfo Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name String Exists openssh-server
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Arch String Exists amd64
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Epoch String Exists 1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Release String Exists 4ubuntu0.3
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Version String Exists 7.6p1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Evr Evr String Exists 1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.11_Ensure_SSH_PermitEmptyPasswords_is_disabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.555Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16/subcontrol/3"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_806908_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"/>
         <xccdf:check-content>
            <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
                            href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
                            xccdf="pass"
                            exit-value="101">
               <out>
                  <l>PASSED! sshd parameter: "permitemptypasswords no"</l>
               </out>
               <err/>
               <env/>
            </command_result>
         </xccdf:check-content>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="sce">
               <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                        <td>sce/sshd_running_config.sh</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                        <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                        <td>101</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                        <td>
                           <ul class="unstyled">
                              <li>PASSED! sshd parameter: "permitemptypasswords no"</li>
                           </ul>
                        </td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806913"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806913">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806913"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Name</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>openssh-server</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Arch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>amd64</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Epoch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Release</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Version</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7.6p1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Evr</td>
                              <td>Evr String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Control: Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation, use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage them.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Subcontrol: 16.3
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Label: Require Multi-Factor Authentication
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Description: Require multi-factor authentication for all user accounts, on all systems, whether managed on-site or by a third-party provider.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                5.2.12 Ensure SSH PermitUserEnvironment is disabled

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                The PermitUserEnvironment option allows users to present environment options to the ssh daemon.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Permitting users the ability to set environment variables through the SSH daemon could potentially allow users to bypass security controls (e.g. setting an execution path that has ssh executing trojan'd programs)

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Edit the /etc/ssh/sshd_config file to set the parameter as follows:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                PermitUserEnvironment no

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Script: sce/sshd_running_config.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exit Value: 101
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • PASSED! sshd parameter: "permituserenvironment no"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                No error lines were collected.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Dpkginfo Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Name String Exists openssh-server
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Arch String Exists amd64
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Epoch String Exists 1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Release String Exists 4ubuntu0.3
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Version String Exists 7.6p1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Evr Evr String Exists 1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.12_Ensure_SSH_PermitUserEnvironment_is_disabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.555Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_806919_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"/>
         <xccdf:check-content>
            <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
                            href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
                            xccdf="pass"
                            exit-value="101">
               <out>
                  <l>PASSED! sshd parameter: "permituserenvironment no"</l>
               </out>
               <err/>
               <env/>
            </command_result>
         </xccdf:check-content>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="sce">
               <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                        <td>sce/sshd_running_config.sh</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                        <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                        <td>101</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                        <td>
                           <ul class="unstyled">
                              <li>PASSED! sshd parameter: "permituserenvironment no"</li>
                           </ul>
                        </td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806926"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806926">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806926"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Name</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>openssh-server</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Arch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>amd64</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Epoch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Release</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Version</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7.6p1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Evr</td>
                              <td>Evr String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these critical assets based on an approved classification.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Subcontrol: 14.6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Label: Protect Information through Access Control Lists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Description: Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims, application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  5.2.13 Ensure only strong Ciphers are used

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  This variable limits the ciphers that SSH can use during communication.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Weak ciphers that are used for authentication to the cryptographic module cannot be relied upon to provide confidentiality or integrity, and system data may be compromised

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  The DES, Triple DES, and Blowfish ciphers, as used in SSH, have a birthday bound of approximately four billion blocks, which makes it easier for remote attackers to obtain cleartext data via a birthday attack against a long-duration encrypted session, aka a "Sweet32" attack

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  The RC4 algorithm, as used in the TLS protocol and SSL protocol, does not properly combine state data with key data during the initialization phase, which makes it easier for remote attackers to conduct plaintext-recovery attacks against the initial bytes of a stream by sniffing network traffic that occasionally relies on keys affected by the Invariance Weakness, and then using a brute-force approach involving LSB values, aka the "Bar Mitzvah" issue

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  The passwords used during an SSH session encrypted with RC4 can be recovered by an attacker who is able to capture and replay the session

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Error handling in the SSH protocol; Client and Server, when using a block cipher algorithm in Cipher Block Chaining (CBC) mode, makes it easier for remote attackers to recover certain plaintext data from an arbitrary block of ciphertext in an SSH session via unknown vectors

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  The mm_newkeys_from_blob function in monitor_wrap.c, when an AES-GCM cipher is used, does not properly initialize memory for a MAC context data structure, which allows remote authenticated users to bypass intended ForceCommand and login-shell restrictions via packet data that provides a crafted callback address

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Edit the /etc/ssh/sshd_config file add/modify the Ciphers line to contain a comma separated list of the site approved ciphers

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Example:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Ciphers chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes128-ctr

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Script: sce/sshd_running_config_nm.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Exit Value: 101
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • PASSED! sshd parameter: "ciphers chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  No error lines were collected.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Dpkginfo Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Name String Exists openssh-server
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Arch String Exists amd64
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Epoch String Exists 1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Release String Exists 4ubuntu0.3
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Version String Exists 7.6p1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Evr Evr String Exists 1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.13_Ensure_only_strong_Ciphers_are_used"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.555Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident system="http://cce.mitre.org">https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-2183</xccdf:ident>
   <xccdf:ident system="http://cce.mitre.org">https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2015-2808</xccdf:ident>
   <xccdf:ident system="http://cce.mitre.org">https://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/565052</xccdf:ident>
   <xccdf:ident system="http://cce.mitre.org">https://www.openssh.com/txt/cbc.adv</xccdf:ident>
   <xccdf:ident system="http://cce.mitre.org">https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2008-5161</xccdf:ident>
   <xccdf:ident system="http://cce.mitre.org">https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2013-4548</xccdf:ident>
   <xccdf:ident system="http://cce.mitre.org">https://www.kb.cert.org/vuls/id/565052</xccdf:ident>
   <xccdf:ident system="http://cce.mitre.org">https://www.openssh.com/txt/cbc.adv</xccdf:ident>
   <xccdf:ident system="http://cce.mitre.org">SSHD_CONFIG(5)</xccdf:ident>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807012_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sshd_running_config_nm.sh"/>
         <xccdf:check-content>
            <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/sshd_running_config_nm.sh"
                            href="sce/sshd_running_config_nm.sh"
                            xccdf="pass"
                            exit-value="101">
               <out>
                  <l>PASSED! sshd parameter: "ciphers chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com"</l>
               </out>
               <err/>
               <env/>
            </command_result>
         </xccdf:check-content>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="sce">
               <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                        <td>sce/sshd_running_config_nm.sh</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                        <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                        <td>101</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                        <td>
                           <ul class="unstyled">
                              <li>PASSED! sshd parameter: "ciphers chacha20-poly1305@openssh.com,aes128-ctr,aes192-ctr,aes256-ctr,aes128-gcm@openssh.com,aes256-gcm@openssh.com"</li>
                           </ul>
                        </td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807016"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807016">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807016"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Name</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>openssh-server</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Arch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>amd64</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Epoch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Release</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Version</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7.6p1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Evr</td>
                              <td>Evr String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these critical assets based on an approved classification.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Subcontrol: 14.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Label: Encrypt All Sensitive Information in Transit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Description: Encrypt all sensitive information in transit.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  5.2.14 Ensure only strong MAC algorithms are used

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  This variable limits the types of MAC algorithms that SSH can use during communication.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  MD5 and 96-bit MAC algorithms are considered weak and have been shown to increase exploitability in SSH downgrade attacks. Weak algorithms continue to have a great deal of attention as a weak spot that can be exploited with expanded computing power. An attacker that breaks the algorithm could take advantage of a MiTM position to decrypt the SSH tunnel and capture credentials and information

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Edit the /etc/ssh/sshd_config file and add/modify the MACs line to contain a comma separated list of the site approved MACs

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Example:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  MACs hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha2-256

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Script: sce/sshd_running_config_nm.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • FAILED! check sshd parameter: "macs umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  No error lines were collected.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Dpkginfo Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Name String Exists openssh-server
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Arch String Exists amd64
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Epoch String Exists 1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Release String Exists 4ubuntu0.3
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Version String Exists 7.6p1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Evr Evr String Exists 1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.14_Ensure_only_strong_MAC_algorithms_are_used"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.555Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16/subcontrol/5"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident system="http://cce.mitre.org">More information on SSH downgrade attacks can be found here: http://www.mitls.org/pages/attacks/SLOTH</xccdf:ident>
   <xccdf:ident system="http://cce.mitre.org">SSHD_CONFIG(5)</xccdf:ident>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_806933_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sshd_running_config_nm.sh"/>
         <xccdf:check-content>
            <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/sshd_running_config_nm.sh"
                            href="sce/sshd_running_config_nm.sh"
                            xccdf="fail"
                            exit-value="102">
               <out>
                  <l>FAILED! check sshd parameter: "macs umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1"</l>
               </out>
               <err/>
               <env/>
            </command_result>
         </xccdf:check-content>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="sce">
               <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                        <td>sce/sshd_running_config_nm.sh</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                        <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                        <td>102</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                        <td>
                           <ul class="unstyled">
                              <li>FAILED! check sshd parameter: "macs umac-64-etm@openssh.com,umac-128-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-512-etm@openssh.com,hmac-sha1-etm@openssh.com,umac-64@openssh.com,umac-128@openssh.com,hmac-sha2-256,hmac-sha2-512,hmac-sha1"</li>
                           </ul>
                        </td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806939"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806939">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806939"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Name</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>openssh-server</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Arch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>amd64</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Epoch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Release</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Version</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7.6p1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Evr</td>
                              <td>Evr String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these critical assets based on an approved classification.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Subcontrol: 14.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Label: Encrypt All Sensitive Information in Transit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Description: Encrypt all sensitive information in transit.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Control: Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation, use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage them.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Subcontrol: 16.5
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Label: Encrypt Transmittal of Username and Authentication Credentials
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Description: Ensure that all account usernames and authentication credentials are transmitted across networks using encrypted channels.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  5.2.15 Ensure only strong Key Exchange algorithms are used

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Key exchange is any method in cryptography by which cryptographic keys are exchanged between two parties, allowing use of a cryptographic algorithm. If the sender and receiver wish to exchange encrypted messages, each must be equipped to encrypt messages to be sent and decrypt messages received

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Key exchange methods that are considered weak should be removed. A key exchange method may be weak because too few bits are used, or the hashing algorithm is considered too weak. Using weak algorithms could expose connections to man-in-the-middle attacks

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Edit the /etc/ssh/sshd_config file add/modify the KexAlgorithms line to contain a comma separated list of the site approved key exchange algorithms

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Example:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  KexAlgorithms curve25519-sha256,curve25519-sha256@libssh.org,diffie-hellman-group14-sha256,diffie-hellman-group16-sha512,diffie-hellman-group18-sha512,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp256,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Script: sce/sshd_running_config_nm.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • FAILED! check sshd parameter: "kexalgorithms curve25519-sha256,curve25519-sha256@libssh.org,ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group16-sha512,diffie-hellman-group18-sha512,diffie-hellman-group14-sha256,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  No error lines were collected.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Dpkginfo Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Name String Exists openssh-server
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Arch String Exists amd64
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Epoch String Exists 1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Release String Exists 4ubuntu0.3
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Version String Exists 7.6p1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Evr Evr String Exists 1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.15_Ensure_only_strong_Key_Exchange_algorithms_are_used"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.556Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807065_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sshd_running_config_nm.sh"/>
         <xccdf:check-content>
            <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/sshd_running_config_nm.sh"
                            href="sce/sshd_running_config_nm.sh"
                            xccdf="fail"
                            exit-value="102">
               <out>
                  <l>FAILED! check sshd parameter: "kexalgorithms curve25519-sha256,curve25519-sha256@libssh.org,ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group16-sha512,diffie-hellman-group18-sha512,diffie-hellman-group14-sha256,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1"</l>
               </out>
               <err/>
               <env/>
            </command_result>
         </xccdf:check-content>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="sce">
               <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                        <td>sce/sshd_running_config_nm.sh</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                        <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                        <td>102</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                        <td>
                           <ul class="unstyled">
                              <li>FAILED! check sshd parameter: "kexalgorithms curve25519-sha256,curve25519-sha256@libssh.org,ecdh-sha2-nistp256,ecdh-sha2-nistp384,ecdh-sha2-nistp521,diffie-hellman-group-exchange-sha256,diffie-hellman-group16-sha512,diffie-hellman-group18-sha512,diffie-hellman-group14-sha256,diffie-hellman-group14-sha1"</li>
                           </ul>
                        </td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807068"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807068">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807068"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Name</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>openssh-server</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Arch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>amd64</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Epoch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Release</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Version</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7.6p1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Evr</td>
                              <td>Evr String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these critical assets based on an approved classification.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Subcontrol: 14.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Label: Encrypt All Sensitive Information in Transit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Description: Encrypt all sensitive information in transit.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    5.2.16 Ensure SSH Idle Timeout Interval is configured

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    The two options ClientAliveInterval and ClientAliveCountMax control the timeout of ssh sessions. When the ClientAliveInterval variable is set, ssh sessions that have no activity for the specified length of time are terminated. When the ClientAliveCountMax variable is set, sshd will send client alive messages at every ClientAliveInterval interval. When the number of consecutive client alive messages are sent with no response from the client, the ssh session is terminated. For example, if the ClientAliveInterval is set to 15 seconds and the ClientAliveCountMax is set to 3, the client ssh session will be terminated after 45 seconds of idle time.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Having no timeout value associated with a connection could allow an unauthorized user access to another user's ssh session (e.g. user walks away from their computer and doesn't lock the screen). Setting a timeout value at least reduces the risk of this happening..

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    While the recommended setting is 300 seconds (5 minutes), set this timeout value based on site policy. The recommended setting for ClientAliveCountMax is 0. In this case, the client session will be terminated after 5 minutes of idle time and no keepalive messages will be sent.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Edit the /etc/ssh/sshd_config file to set the parameters according to site policy:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    ClientAliveInterval 300



                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    ClientAliveCountMax 0

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Script: sce/sshd_running_config.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • FAILED! check sshd parameter: "clientaliveinterval 0"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    No error lines were collected.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Script: sce/sshd_running_config.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Exit Value: 101
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • PASSED! sshd parameter: "clientalivecountmax 3"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    No error lines were collected.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Dpkginfo Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Name String Exists openssh-server
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Arch String Exists amd64
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Epoch String Exists 1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Release String Exists 4ubuntu0.3
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Version String Exists 7.6p1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Evr Evr String Exists 1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.16_Ensure_SSH_Idle_Timeout_Interval_is_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.556Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16/subcontrol/11"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
         <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                                value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_806948_var"/>
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"/>
            <xccdf:check-content>
               <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
                               href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
                               xccdf="fail"
                               exit-value="102">
                  <out>
                     <l>FAILED! check sshd parameter: "clientaliveinterval 0"</l>
                  </out>
                  <err/>
                  <env/>
               </command_result>
            </xccdf:check-content>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="sce">
                  <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                     <tbody class="tbe">
                        <tr>
                           <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                           <td>sce/sshd_running_config.sh</td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                           <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                           <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                           <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                           <td>102</td>
                        </tr>
                     </tbody>
                  </table>
                  <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                     <tbody class="tbe">
                        <tr>
                           <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                           <td>
                              <ul class="unstyled">
                                 <li>FAILED! check sshd parameter: "clientaliveinterval 0"</li>
                              </ul>
                           </td>
                        </tr>
                     </tbody>
                  </table>
                  <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                     <tbody class="tbe">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </tbody>
                  </table>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
         <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                                value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_806953_var"/>
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"/>
            <xccdf:check-content>
               <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
                               href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
                               xccdf="pass"
                               exit-value="101">
                  <out>
                     <l>PASSED! sshd parameter: "clientalivecountmax 3"</l>
                  </out>
                  <err/>
                  <env/>
               </command_result>
            </xccdf:check-content>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="sce">
                  <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                     <tbody class="tbe">
                        <tr>
                           <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                           <td>sce/sshd_running_config.sh</td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                           <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                           <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                        </tr>
                        <tr>
                           <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                           <td>101</td>
                        </tr>
                     </tbody>
                  </table>
                  <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                     <tbody class="tbe">
                        <tr>
                           <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                           <td>
                              <ul class="unstyled">
                                 <li>PASSED! sshd parameter: "clientalivecountmax 3"</li>
                              </ul>
                           </td>
                        </tr>
                     </tbody>
                  </table>
                  <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                     <tbody class="tbe">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </tbody>
                  </table>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
      </xccdf:complex-check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806959"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806959">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806959"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Name</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>openssh-server</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Arch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>amd64</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Epoch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Release</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Version</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7.6p1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Evr</td>
                              <td>Evr String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Control: Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation, use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage them.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Subcontrol: 16.11
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Label: Lock Workstation Sessions After Inactivity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Description: Automatically lock workstation sessions after a standard period of inactivity.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      5.2.17 Ensure SSH LoginGraceTime is set to one minute or less

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      The LoginGraceTime parameter specifies the time allowed for successful authentication to the SSH server. The longer the Grace period is the more open unauthenticated connections can exist. Like other session controls in this session the Grace Period should be limited to appropriate organizational limits to ensure the service is available for needed access.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Setting the LoginGraceTime parameter to a low number will minimize the risk of successful brute force attacks to the SSH server. It will also limit the number of concurrent unauthenticated connections While the recommended setting is 60 seconds (1 Minute), set the number based on site policy.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Edit the /etc/ssh/sshd_config file to set the parameter as follows:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      LoginGraceTime 60

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Script: sce/sshd_running_config.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • FAILED! check sshd parameter: "logingracetime 120"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      No error lines were collected.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Dpkginfo Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Name String Exists openssh-server
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Arch String Exists amd64
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Epoch String Exists 1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Release String Exists 4ubuntu0.3
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Version String Exists 7.6p1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Evr Evr String Exists 1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.17_Ensure_SSH_LoginGraceTime_is_set_to_one_minute_or_less"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.556Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_806967_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"/>
         <xccdf:check-content>
            <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
                            href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
                            xccdf="fail"
                            exit-value="102">
               <out>
                  <l>FAILED! check sshd parameter: "logingracetime 120"</l>
               </out>
               <err/>
               <env/>
            </command_result>
         </xccdf:check-content>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="sce">
               <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                        <td>sce/sshd_running_config.sh</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                        <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                        <td>102</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                        <td>
                           <ul class="unstyled">
                              <li>FAILED! check sshd parameter: "logingracetime 120"</li>
                           </ul>
                        </td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806975"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806975">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806975"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Name</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>openssh-server</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Arch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>amd64</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Epoch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Release</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Version</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7.6p1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Evr</td>
                              <td>Evr String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Subcontrol: 5.1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        5.2.18 Ensure SSH access is limited

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        There are several options available to limit which users and group can access the system via SSH. It is recommended that at least one of the following options be leveraged:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        AllowUsers

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        The AllowUsers variable gives the system administrator the option of allowing specific users to ssh into the system. The list consists of space separated user names. Numeric user IDs are not recognized with this variable. If a system administrator wants to restrict user access further by only allowing the allowed users to log in from a particular host, the entry can be specified in the form of user@host.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        AllowGroups

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        The AllowGroups variable gives the system administrator the option of allowing specific groups of users to ssh into the system. The list consists of space separated group names. Numeric group IDs are not recognized with this variable.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        DenyUsers

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        The DenyUsers variable gives the system administrator the option of denying specific users to ssh into the system. The list consists of space separated user names. Numeric user IDs are not recognized with this variable. If a system administrator wants to restrict user access further by specifically denying a user's access from a particular host, the entry can be specified in the form of user@host.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        DenyGroups

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        The DenyGroups variable gives the system administrator the option of denying specific groups of users to ssh into the system. The list consists of space separated group names. Numeric group IDs are not recognized with this variable.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Restricting which users can remotely access the system via SSH will help ensure that only authorized users access the system.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Edit the /etc/ssh/sshd_config file to set one or more of the parameter as follows:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        AllowUsers <userlist> AllowGroups <grouplist> DenyUsers <userlist> DenyGroups <grouplist>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Script: sce/sshd_running_config.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • FAILED! check sshd parameter: "allowusers|allowgroups|denyusers|denygroups"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        No error lines were collected.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Dpkginfo Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Name String Exists openssh-server
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Arch String Exists amd64
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Epoch String Exists 1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Release String Exists 4ubuntu0.3
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Version String Exists 7.6p1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Evr Evr String Exists 1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.18_Ensure_SSH_access_is_limited"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.556Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/4/subcontrol/3"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_806983_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"/>
         <xccdf:check-content>
            <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
                            href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
                            xccdf="fail"
                            exit-value="102">
               <out>
                  <l>FAILED! check sshd parameter: "allowusers|allowgroups|denyusers|denygroups"</l>
               </out>
               <err/>
               <env/>
            </command_result>
         </xccdf:check-content>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="sce">
               <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                        <td>sce/sshd_running_config.sh</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                        <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                        <td>102</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                        <td>
                           <ul class="unstyled">
                              <li>FAILED! check sshd parameter: "allowusers|allowgroups|denyusers|denygroups"</li>
                           </ul>
                        </td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806989"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806989">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806989"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Name</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>openssh-server</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Arch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>amd64</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Epoch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Release</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Version</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7.6p1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Evr</td>
                              <td>Evr String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Control 4: Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the use, assignment, and configuration of administrative privileges on computers, networks, and applications.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Subcontrol: 4.3
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Label: Ensure the Use of Dedicated Administrative Accounts
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Description: Ensure that all users with administrative account access use a dedicated or secondary account for elevated activities. This account should only be used for administrative activities and not internet browsing, email, or similar activities.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          5.2.19 Ensure SSH warning banner is configured

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          The Banner parameter specifies a file whose contents must be sent to the remote user before authentication is permitted. By default, no banner is displayed.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Banners are used to warn connecting users of the particular site's policy regarding connection. Presenting a warning message prior to the normal user login may assist the prosecution of trespassers on the computer system.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Edit the /etc/ssh/sshd_config file to set the parameter as follows:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Banner /etc/issue.net

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Script: sce/sshd_running_config.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • FAILED! check sshd parameter: "banner none"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          No error lines were collected.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Dpkginfo Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name String Exists openssh-server
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Arch String Exists amd64
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Epoch String Exists 1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Release String Exists 4ubuntu0.3
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Version String Exists 7.6p1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Evr Evr String Exists 1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.19_Ensure_SSH_warning_banner_is_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.556Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_806997_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"/>
         <xccdf:check-content>
            <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
                            href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
                            xccdf="fail"
                            exit-value="102">
               <out>
                  <l>FAILED! check sshd parameter: "banner none"</l>
               </out>
               <err/>
               <env/>
            </command_result>
         </xccdf:check-content>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="sce">
               <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                        <td>sce/sshd_running_config.sh</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                        <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                        <td>102</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                        <td>
                           <ul class="unstyled">
                              <li>FAILED! check sshd parameter: "banner none"</li>
                           </ul>
                        </td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807001"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807001">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807001"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Name</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>openssh-server</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Arch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>amd64</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Epoch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Release</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Version</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7.6p1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Evr</td>
                              <td>Evr String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Subcontrol: 5.1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            5.2.20 Ensure SSH PAM is enabled

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            UsePAM Enables the Pluggable Authentication Module interface. If set to “yes” this will enable PAM authentication using ChallengeResponseAuthentication and PasswordAuthentication in addition to PAM account and session module processing for all authentication types

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            When usePAM is set to yes, PAM runs through account and session types properly. This is important if you want to restrict access to services based off of IP, time or other factors of the account. Additionally, you can make sure users inherit certain environment variables on login or disallow access to the server

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Edit the /etc/ssh/sshd_config file to set the parameter as follows:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            UsePAM yes

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Impact:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            If UsePAM is enabled, you will not be able to run sshd(8) as a non-root user.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Script: sce/sshd_running_config.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Exit Value: 101
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • PASSED! sshd parameter: "usepam yes"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            No error lines were collected.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Dpkginfo Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Name String Exists openssh-server
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Arch String Exists amd64
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Epoch String Exists 1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Release String Exists 4ubuntu0.3
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Version String Exists 7.6p1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Evr Evr String Exists 1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.20_Ensure_SSH_PAM_is_enabled"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.556Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807075_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"/>
         <xccdf:check-content>
            <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
                            href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
                            xccdf="pass"
                            exit-value="101">
               <out>
                  <l>PASSED! sshd parameter: "usepam yes"</l>
               </out>
               <err/>
               <env/>
            </command_result>
         </xccdf:check-content>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="sce">
               <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                        <td>sce/sshd_running_config.sh</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                        <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                        <td>101</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                        <td>
                           <ul class="unstyled">
                              <li>PASSED! sshd parameter: "usepam yes"</li>
                           </ul>
                        </td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807078"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807078">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807078"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Name</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>openssh-server</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Arch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>amd64</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Epoch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Release</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Version</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7.6p1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Evr</td>
                              <td>Evr String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Subcontrol: 5.1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              5.2.22 Ensure SSH MaxStartups is configured

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              The MaxStartups parameter specifies the maximum number of concurrent unauthenticated connections to the SSH daemon.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              To protect a system from denial of service due to a large number of pending authentication connection attempts, use the rate limiting function of MaxStartups to protect availability of sshd logins and prevent overwhelming the daemon.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Edit the /etc/ssh/sshd_config file to set the parameter as follows:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              maxstartups 10:30:60

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Script: sce/sshd_running_config.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • FAILED! check sshd parameter: "maxstartups 10:30:100"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              No error lines were collected.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Dpkginfo Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name String Exists openssh-server
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Arch String Exists amd64
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Epoch String Exists 1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Release String Exists 4ubuntu0.3
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Version String Exists 7.6p1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Evr Evr String Exists 1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.22_Ensure_SSH_MaxStartups_is_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.556Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807098_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"/>
         <xccdf:check-content>
            <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
                            href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
                            xccdf="fail"
                            exit-value="102">
               <out>
                  <l>FAILED! check sshd parameter: "maxstartups 10:30:100"</l>
               </out>
               <err/>
               <env/>
            </command_result>
         </xccdf:check-content>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="sce">
               <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                        <td>sce/sshd_running_config.sh</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                        <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                        <td>102</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                        <td>
                           <ul class="unstyled">
                              <li>FAILED! check sshd parameter: "maxstartups 10:30:100"</li>
                           </ul>
                        </td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807102"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807102">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807102"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Name</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>openssh-server</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Arch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>amd64</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Epoch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Release</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Version</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7.6p1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Evr</td>
                              <td>Evr String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Subcontrol: 5.1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                5.2.23 Ensure SSH MaxSessions is set to 4 or less

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                The MaxSessions parameter specifies the maximum number of open sessions permitted from a given connection.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                To protect a system from denial of service due to a large number of concurrent sessions, use the rate limiting function of MaxSessions to protect availability of sshd logins and prevent overwhelming the daemon.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Edit the /etc/ssh/sshd_config file to set the parameter as follows:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                MaxSessions 4

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Script: sce/sshd_running_config.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • FAILED! check sshd parameter: "maxsessions 10"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                No error lines were collected.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Criterion: Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Dpkginfo Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Name String Exists openssh-server
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Arch String Exists amd64
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Epoch String Exists 1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Release String Exists 4ubuntu0.3
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Version String Exists 7.6p1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Evr Evr String Exists 1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.2.23_Ensure_SSH_MaxSessions_is_set_to_4_or_less"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.556Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="XCCDF_VALUE_REGEX"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_807109_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"/>
         <xccdf:check-content>
            <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
                            href="sce/sshd_running_config.sh"
                            xccdf="fail"
                            exit-value="102">
               <out>
                  <l>FAILED! check sshd parameter: "maxsessions 10"</l>
               </out>
               <err/>
               <env/>
            </command_result>
         </xccdf:check-content>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="sce">
               <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                        <td>sce/sshd_running_config.sh</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                        <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                        <td>102</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                        <td>
                           <ul class="unstyled">
                              <li>FAILED! check sshd parameter: "maxsessions 10"</li>
                           </ul>
                        </td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807114"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807114">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807114"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure package name equals 'openssh-server' is not installed</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Dpkginfo Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Name</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>openssh-server</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Arch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>amd64</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Epoch</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Release</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Version</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7.6p1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Evr</td>
                              <td>Evr String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1:7.6p1-4ubuntu0.3</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Subcontrol: 5.1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Back to Summary

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  5.3 Configure PAM

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  PAM (Pluggable Authentication Modules) is a service that implements modular authentication modules on UNIX systems. PAM is implemented as a set of shared objects that are loaded and executed when a program needs to authenticate a user. Files for PAM are typically located in the /etc/pam.d directory. PAM must be carefully configured to secure system authentication. While this section covers some of PAM, please consult other PAM resources to fully understand the configuration capabilities.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  5.3.1 Ensure password creation requirements are configured

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  The pam_pwquality.so module checks the strength of passwords. It performs checks such as making sure a password is not a dictionary word, it is a certain length, contains a mix of characters (e.g. alphabet, numeric, other) and more. The following are definitions of the pam_pwquality.so options.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  The following options are set in the /etc/security/pwquality.conf file:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Password Length:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • minlen = 14 - password must be 14 characters or more

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Password complexity:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • minclass = 4 - The minimum number of required classes of characters for the new password (digits, uppercase, lowercase, others)

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  OR

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • dcredit = -1 - provide at least one digit
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • ucredit = -1 - provide at least one uppercase character
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • ocredit = -1 - provide at least one special character
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • lcredit = -1 - provide at least one lowercase character

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  The following is st in the /etc/pam.d/common-password file

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • retry=3 - Allow 3 tries before sending back a failure.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  The settings shown above are one possible policy. Alter these values to conform to your own organization's password policies.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Strong passwords protect systems from being hacked through brute force methods.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Run the following command to install the pam_pwquality module:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  apt install libpam-pwquality

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Edit the file /etc/security/pwquality.conf and add or modify the following line for password length to conform to site policy

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  minlen = 14

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Edit the file /etc/security/pwquality.conf and add or modify the following line for password complexity to conform to site policy

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  minclass = 4

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  OR

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  dcredit = -1

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  ucredit = -1

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  ocredit = -1

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  lcredit = -1

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Edit the /etc/pam.d/common-password file to include the appropriate options for pam_pwquality.so and to conform to site policy:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  password requisite pam_pwquality.so retry=3

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/security/pwquality.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*minlen\s*=\s*(1[4-9]|[2-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9][0-9])(\s+#.*)*$
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/pam.d/common-password exists and matches pattern ^\s*password\s+(requisite|required)\s+pam_pwquality\.so\s+(\S+\s+)*retry=[1-3]\s*(\s+\S+\s*)*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.3.1_Ensure_password_creation_requirements_are_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.556Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806783"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806783">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806783"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/security/pwquality.conf exists and matches pattern ^\s*minlen\s*=\s*(1[4-9]|[2-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9][0-9])(\s+#.*)*$</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806788"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806788">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806788"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/pam.d/common-password exists and matches pattern ^\s*password\s+(requisite|required)\s+pam_pwquality\.so\s+(\S+\s+)*retry=[1-3]\s*(\s+\S+\s*)*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Control 4: Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the use, assignment, and configuration of administrative privileges on computers, networks, and applications.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Subcontrol: 4.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Label: Use Unique Passwords
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Description: Where multi-factor authentication is not supported (such as local administrator, root, or service accounts), accounts will use passwords that are unique to that system.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    5.3.2 Ensure lockout for failed password attempts is configured

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Lock out users after n unsuccessful consecutive login attempts. The first sets of changes are made to the PAM configuration files. The second set of changes are applied to the program specific PAM configuration file. The second set of changes must be applied to each program that will lock out users. Check the documentation for each secondary program for instructions on how to configure them to work with PAM.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • deny= n - n represents the number of failed attempts before the account is locked
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • unlock_time= n - n represents the number of seconds before the account is unlocked
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • audit - Will log the user name into the system log if the user is not found.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • silent - Don't print informative messages.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Set the lockout number and unlock time in accordance with local site policy.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Locking out user IDs after n unsuccessful consecutive login attempts mitigates brute force password attacks against your systems.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Edit the /etc/pam.d/common-auth file and add the auth line below:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    auth required pam_tally2.so onerr=fail audit silent deny=5 unlock_time=900

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Edit the /etc/pam.d/common-account file and add the account lines bellow:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    account requisite pam_deny.so

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    account required pam_tally.so

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Note: If a user has been locked out because they have reached the maximum consecutive failure count defined by deny= in the pam_tally2.so module, the user can be unlocked by issuing the command /sbin/pam_tally2 -u <username> --reset . This command sets the failed count to 0, effectively unlocking the user.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Criterion: Ensure /etc/pam.d//common-auth contents Pattern Match deny=[1-5] (string)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Criterion: Ensure /etc/pam.d//common-account contents Pattern Match pam_deny\.so (string)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Textfilecontent Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Filepath String Exists /etc/pam.d/common-account
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Path String Exists /etc/pam.d
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Filename String Exists common-account
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Pattern String Exists ^\s*account\s+requisite\s*.*$
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Instance Int Exists 1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Line String Exists account requisite pam_deny.so
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Text String Exists account requisite pam_deny.so
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Subexpression String Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Windows View String Not collected No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/pam.d/common-account exists and matches pattern ^\s*account\s+required\s+(\S+\s+)*pam_tally2\.so\s*(\s+\S+\s*)*(\s+.*)?$
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.3.2_Ensure_lockout_for_failed_password_attempts_is_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.557Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16/subcontrol/7"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
         <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:810460"
                                value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_8104601_var"/>
            <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:8104602"
                                value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_8104602_var"/>
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                     name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:810460"/>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="definition"
                    id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:810460">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:810460"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure /etc/pam.d//common-auth contents Pattern Match deny=[1-5] (string)</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
         <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:810461"
                                value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_8104611_var"/>
            <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:8104612"
                                value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_8104612_var"/>
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                     name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:810461"/>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="definition"
                    id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:810461">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:810461"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure /etc/pam.d//common-account contents Pattern Match pam_deny\.so (string)</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <caption>Textfilecontent Item</caption>
                           <thead>
                              <tr>
                                 <th scope="col">Name</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Type</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Status</th>
                                 <th scope="col">Value</th>
                              </tr>
                           </thead>
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Filepath</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>/etc/pam.d/common-account</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Path</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>/etc/pam.d</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Filename</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>common-account</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Pattern</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>^\s*account\s+requisite\s*.*$</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Instance</td>
                                 <td>Int</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>1</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Line</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>account	requisite			pam_deny.so</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr class="evaluated">
                                 <td>Text</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Exists</td>
                                 <td>account	requisite			pam_deny.so</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Subexpression</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Does not exist</td>
                                 <td>No Value</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td>Windows View</td>
                                 <td>String</td>
                                 <td>Not collected</td>
                                 <td>No Value</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
      </xccdf:complex-check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:810462"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:810462">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:810462"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/pam.d/common-account exists and matches pattern ^\s*account\s+required\s+(\S+\s+)*pam_tally2\.so\s*(\s+\S+\s*)*(\s+.*)?$</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Control: Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation, use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage them.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Subcontrol: 16.7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Label: Establish Process for Revoking Access
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Description: Establish and follow an automated process for revoking system access by disabling accounts immediately upon termination or change of responsibilities of an employee or contractor . Disabling these accounts, instead of deleting accounts, allows preservation of audit trails.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      5.3.3 Ensure password reuse is limited

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      The /etc/security/opasswd file stores the users' old passwords and can be checked to ensure that users are not recycling recent passwords.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Forcing users not to reuse their past 5 passwords make it less likely that an attacker will be able to guess the password.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Note that these change only apply to accounts configured on the local system.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Edit the /etc/pam.d/common-password file to include the remember option and conform to site policy as shown:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      password required pam_pwhistory.so remember=5

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/pam.d/common-password exists and matches pattern ^\s*password\s+required\s+pam_pwhistory\.so\s+(\S+\s+)*remember=([56789]|[1-9][0-9]+)\s*(\s+\S+\s*)*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.3.3_Ensure_password_reuse_is_limited"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.557Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806805"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806805">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806805"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/pam.d/common-password exists and matches pattern ^\s*password\s+required\s+pam_pwhistory\.so\s+(\S+\s+)*remember=([56789]|[1-9][0-9]+)\s*(\s+\S+\s*)*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Control: Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation, use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage them.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        5.3.4 Ensure password hashing algorithm is SHA-512

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        The commands below change password encryption from md5 to sha512 (a much stronger hashing algorithm). All existing accounts will need to perform a password change to upgrade the stored hashes to the new algorithm.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        The SHA-512 algorithm provides much stronger hashing than MD5, thus providing additional protection to the system by increasing the level of effort for an attacker to successfully determine passwords.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Note that these change only apply to accounts configured on the local system.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Edit the /etc/pam.d/common-password file to include the sha512 option for pam_unix.so as shown:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        password [success=1 default=ignore] pam_unix.so sha512

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/pam.d/common-password exists and matches pattern ^\s*password\s+(\S+\s+)+pam_unix\.so\s+(\S+\s+)*sha512\s*(\S+\s*)*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Textfilecontent Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Filepath String Exists OBFUSCATED [PWD]
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Path String Exists /etc/pam.d
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Filename String Exists OBFUSCATED [PWD]
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Pattern String Exists OBFUSCATED [PWD]
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Instance Int Exists 1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Line String Exists OBFUSCATED [PWD]
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Text String Exists OBFUSCATED [PWD]
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Subexpression String Exists default=ignore]
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Subexpression String Exists obscure
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Subexpression String Exists config
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Subexpression String Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Windows View String Not collected No Value


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.3.4_Ensure_password_hashing_algorithm_is_SHA-512"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.557Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806811"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806811">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806811"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/pam.d/common-password exists and matches pattern ^\s*password\s+(\S+\s+)+pam_unix\.so\s+(\S+\s+)*sha512\s*(\S+\s*)*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Textfilecontent Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>OBFUSCATED [PWD]</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc/pam.d</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>OBFUSCATED [PWD]</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Pattern</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>OBFUSCATED [PWD]</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Instance</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Line</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>OBFUSCATED [PWD]</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Text</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>OBFUSCATED [PWD]</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Subexpression</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>default=ignore]	</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Subexpression</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>obscure </td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Subexpression</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>config
</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Subexpression</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Windows View</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Control: Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation, use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage them.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Subcontrol: 16.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Label: Encrypt or Hash all Authentication Credentials
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Description: Encrypt or hash with a salt all authentication credentials when stored.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Back to Summary

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          5.4 User Accounts and Environment

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          This section provides guidance on setting up secure defaults for system and user accounts and their environment.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          5.4.1 Set Shadow Password Suite Parameters

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          While a majority of the password control parameters have been moved to PAM, some parameters are still available through the shadow password suite. Any changes made to /etc/login.defs will only be applied if the usermod command is used. If user IDs are added a different way, use the chage command to effect changes to individual user IDs.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          5.4.1.1 Ensure password expiration is 365 days or less

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          The PASS_MAX_DAYS parameter in /etc/login.defs allows an administrator to force passwords to expire once they reach a defined age. It is recommended that the PASS_MAX_DAYS parameter be set to less than or equal to 365 days.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          The window of opportunity for an attacker to leverage compromised credentials or successfully compromise credentials via an online brute force attack is limited by the age of the password. Therefore, reducing the maximum age of a password also reduces an attacker's window of opportunity.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Set the PASS_MAX_DAYS parameter to conform to site policy in /etc/login.defs :

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          PASS_MAX_DAYS 365

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Modify user parameters for all users with a password set to match:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          # chage --maxdays 365 <user>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/login.defs exists and matches pattern ^\s*PASS_MAX_DAYS\s+(36[0-5]|3[0-5][0-9]|[1-2][0-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9]?)\s*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Criterion: Linux Custom Object "Ensure no users with a Password have password expiration over 365 days"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Existence Check: Any Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Item Check: None satisfy
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists daemon
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists gnats
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists systemd-network
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18828
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists sync
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists lp
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists nobody
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists mail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists sshd
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18828
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists irc
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists man
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists backup
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists www-data
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists admin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists $6$KhLjsx8m$Fx7SIypRTJV5135tnbD08CFRktWH.KXKvCtwJ.wwNNgvaQYmye872TO8hPcPuhpulHH4lyhWl42ur7eM2C0zF0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18828
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists SHA-512
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists messagebus
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18828
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists root
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists $6$xyD2JtAg$18v8Q7.Fj661Tj6xlrq2V1lUwv1gFAo9cGZvip/QCBs6K4xculGxgRxPJrTb4tAcgLqQcI0MVNmxJf84T8OIq/
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18828
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists SHA-512
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists proxy
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists sys
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists systemd-resolve
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18828
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists bin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists _apt
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists list
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists games
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists news
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists uucp
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.1.1_Ensure_password_expiration_is_365_days_or_less"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.557Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806965"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806965">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806965"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/login.defs exists and matches pattern ^\s*PASS_MAX_DAYS\s+(36[0-5]|3[0-5][0-9]|[1-2][0-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9]?)\s*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806970"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806970">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806970"
                       check="none satisfy"
                       check_existence="any_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Linux Custom Object "Ensure no users with a Password have password expiration over 365 days"</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>Any Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>None satisfy</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>daemon</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>gnats</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>systemd-network</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18828</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>sync</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>lp</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>nobody</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>mail</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>sshd</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18828</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>irc</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>man</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>backup</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>www-data</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>admin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>$6$KhLjsx8m$Fx7SIypRTJV5135tnbD08CFRktWH.KXKvCtwJ.wwNNgvaQYmye872TO8hPcPuhpulHH4lyhWl42ur7eM2C0zF0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18828</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>SHA-512</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>messagebus</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18828</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>root</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>$6$xyD2JtAg$18v8Q7.Fj661Tj6xlrq2V1lUwv1gFAo9cGZvip/QCBs6K4xculGxgRxPJrTb4tAcgLqQcI0MVNmxJf84T8OIq/</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18828</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>SHA-512</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>proxy</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>sys</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>systemd-resolve</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18828</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>bin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>_apt</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>list</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>games</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>news</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>uucp</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Control 4: Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the use, assignment, and configuration of administrative privileges on computers, networks, and applications.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Subcontrol: 4.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Label: Use Unique Passwords
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Description: Where multi-factor authentication is not supported (such as local administrator, root, or service accounts), accounts will use passwords that are unique to that system.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            5.4.1.2 Ensure minimum days between password changes is configured

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            The PASS_MIN_DAYS parameter in /etc/login.defs allows an administrator to prevent users from changing their password until a minimum number of days have passed since the last time the user changed their password. It is recommended that PASS_MIN_DAYS parameter be set to 1 or more days.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            By restricting the frequency of password changes, an administrator can prevent users from repeatedly changing their password in an attempt to circumvent password reuse controls.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Set the PASS_MIN_DAYS parameter to 1 in /etc/login.defs :

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            PASS_MIN_DAYS 1

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Modify user parameters for all users with a password set to match:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            # chage --mindays 1 <user>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/login.defs exists and matches pattern ^\s*PASS_MIN_DAYS\s+([1-9]|[1-9][0-9]+)\s*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Criterion: Ensure no file named /etc/shadow exists and matches pattern ^\S+:[^\!\*:]*:[^:]*:(0|\-1):[^:]*:[^:]*:[^:]*:[^:]*:[^:]*\s*$
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Textfilecontent Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Filepath String Exists /etc/shadow
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Path String Exists /etc
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Filename String Exists shadow
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Pattern String Exists ^\S+:[^\!\*:]*:[^:]*:(0|\-1):[^:]*:[^:]*:[^:]*:[^:]*:[^:]*\s*$
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Instance Int Exists 1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Line String Exists root:$6$xyD2JtAg$18v8Q7.Fj661Tj6xlrq2V1lUwv1gFAo9cGZvip/QCBs6K4xculGxgRxPJrTb4tAcgLqQcI0MVNmxJf84T8OIq/:18828:0:99999:7:::
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Text String Exists root:$6$xyD2JtAg$18v8Q7.Fj661Tj6xlrq2V1lUwv1gFAo9cGZvip/QCBs6K4xculGxgRxPJrTb4tAcgLqQcI0MVNmxJf84T8OIq/:18828:0:99999:7:::
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Subexpression String Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Windows View String Not collected No Value


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.1.2_Ensure_minimum_days_between_password_changes_is__configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.557Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc6:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1/control/16"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"/>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806979"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806979">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806979"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/login.defs exists and matches pattern ^\s*PASS_MIN_DAYS\s+([1-9]|[1-9][0-9]+)\s*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806985"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806985">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806985"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure no file named /etc/shadow exists and matches pattern ^\S+:[^\!\*:]*:[^:]*:(0|\-1):[^:]*:[^:]*:[^:]*:[^:]*:[^:]*\s*$</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Textfilecontent Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc/shadow</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>shadow</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Pattern</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>^\S+:[^\!\*:]*:[^:]*:(0|\-1):[^:]*:[^:]*:[^:]*:[^:]*:[^:]*\s*$</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Instance</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Line</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>root:$6$xyD2JtAg$18v8Q7.Fj661Tj6xlrq2V1lUwv1gFAo9cGZvip/QCBs6K4xculGxgRxPJrTb4tAcgLqQcI0MVNmxJf84T8OIq/:18828:0:99999:7:::</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Text</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>root:$6$xyD2JtAg$18v8Q7.Fj661Tj6xlrq2V1lUwv1gFAo9cGZvip/QCBs6K4xculGxgRxPJrTb4tAcgLqQcI0MVNmxJf84T8OIq/:18828:0:99999:7:::</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Subexpression</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Windows View</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Control 4: Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the use, assignment, and configuration of administrative privileges on computers, networks, and applications.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Subcontrol: 4.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Label: Use Unique Passwords
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Description: Where multi-factor authentication is not supported (such as local administrator, root, or service accounts), accounts will use passwords that are unique to that system.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              CIS Controls V6.1:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Control: Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts – their creation, use, dormancy, deletion – in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage them.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              5.4.1.3 Ensure password expiration warning days is 7 or more

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              The PASS_WARN_AGE parameter in /etc/login.defs allows an administrator to notify users that their password will expire in a defined number of days. It is recommended that the PASS_WARN_AGE parameter be set to 7 or more days.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Providing an advance warning that a password will be expiring gives users time to think of a secure password. Users caught unaware may choose a simple password or write it down where it may be discovered.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Set the PASS_WARN_AGE parameter to 7 in /etc/login.defs :

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              PASS_WARN_AGE 7

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Modify user parameters for all users with a password set to match:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              # chage --warndays 7 <user>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/login.defs exists and matches pattern ^\s*PASS_WARN_AGE\s+([789]|[1-9][0-9]+)\s*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Textfilecontent Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Filepath String Exists /etc/login.defs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Path String Exists /etc
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Filename String Exists login.defs
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Pattern String Exists ^\s*PASS_WARN_AGE\s+([789]|[1-9][0-9]+)\s*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Instance Int Exists 1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Line String Exists PASS_WARN_AGE 7 #
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Text String Exists PASS_WARN_AGE 7 #
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Subexpression String Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Subexpression String Exists #
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Windows View String Not collected No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Criterion: Linux Custom Object "Ensure no users with a Password have password expiration warning under 7 days"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Existence Check: Any Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Item Check: None satisfy
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Username String Exists daemon
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Username String Exists gnats
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Username String Exists systemd-network
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Lst Int Exists 18828
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Username String Exists sync
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Username String Exists lp
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Username String Exists nobody
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Username String Exists mail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Username String Exists sshd
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Lst Int Exists 18828
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Username String Exists irc
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Username String Exists man
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Username String Exists backup
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Username String Exists www-data
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Username String Exists admin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Password String Exists $6$KhLjsx8m$Fx7SIypRTJV5135tnbD08CFRktWH.KXKvCtwJ.wwNNgvaQYmye872TO8hPcPuhpulHH4lyhWl42ur7eM2C0zF0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Lst Int Exists 18828
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Encrypt Method String Exists SHA-512
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Username String Exists messagebus
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Lst Int Exists 18828
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Username String Exists root
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Password String Exists $6$xyD2JtAg$18v8Q7.Fj661Tj6xlrq2V1lUwv1gFAo9cGZvip/QCBs6K4xculGxgRxPJrTb4tAcgLqQcI0MVNmxJf84T8OIq/
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Lst Int Exists 18828
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Encrypt Method String Exists SHA-512
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Username String Exists proxy
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Username String Exists sys
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Username String Exists systemd-resolve
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Lst Int Exists 18828
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Username String Exists bin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Username String Exists _apt
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Username String Exists list
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Username String Exists games
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Username String Exists news
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Username String Exists uucp
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Encrypt Method String Exists DES


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.1.3_Ensure_password_expiration_warning_days_is_7_or_more"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.557Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806992"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806992">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806992"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/login.defs exists and matches pattern ^\s*PASS_WARN_AGE\s+([789]|[1-9][0-9]+)\s*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Textfilecontent Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc/login.defs</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>login.defs</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Pattern</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>^\s*PASS_WARN_AGE\s+([789]|[1-9][0-9]+)\s*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Instance</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Line</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>PASS_WARN_AGE	7

#</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Text</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>PASS_WARN_AGE	7

#</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Subexpression</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Subexpression</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>
#</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Windows View</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807000"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807000">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807000"
                       check="none satisfy"
                       check_existence="any_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Linux Custom Object "Ensure no users with a Password have password expiration warning under 7 days"</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>Any Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>None satisfy</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>daemon</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>gnats</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>systemd-network</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18828</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>sync</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>lp</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>nobody</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>mail</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>sshd</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18828</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>irc</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>man</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>backup</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>www-data</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>admin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>$6$KhLjsx8m$Fx7SIypRTJV5135tnbD08CFRktWH.KXKvCtwJ.wwNNgvaQYmye872TO8hPcPuhpulHH4lyhWl42ur7eM2C0zF0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18828</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>SHA-512</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>messagebus</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18828</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>root</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>$6$xyD2JtAg$18v8Q7.Fj661Tj6xlrq2V1lUwv1gFAo9cGZvip/QCBs6K4xculGxgRxPJrTb4tAcgLqQcI0MVNmxJf84T8OIq/</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18828</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>SHA-512</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>proxy</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>sys</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>systemd-resolve</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18828</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>bin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>_apt</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>list</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>games</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>news</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>uucp</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Control 4: Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the use, assignment, and configuration of administrative privileges on computers, networks, and applications.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Subcontrol: 4.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Label: Use Unique Passwords
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Description: Where multi-factor authentication is not supported (such as local administrator, root, or service accounts), accounts will use passwords that are unique to that system.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                5.4.1.4 Ensure inactive password lock is 30 days or less

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                User accounts that have been inactive for over a given period of time can be automatically disabled. It is recommended that accounts that are inactive for 30 days after password expiration be disabled.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Inactive accounts pose a threat to system security since the users are not logging in to notice failed login attempts or other anomalies.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Run the following command to set the default password inactivity period to 30 days:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                # useradd -D -f 30

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Modify user parameters for all users with a password set to match:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                # chage --inactive 30 <user>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/default/useradd exists and matches pattern ^\s*INACTIVE\s*=\s*(30|[1-2][0-9]|[1-9])\s*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Criterion: Linux Custom Object "Ensure no users with a Password have password inactivation over 30 days"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Existence Check: Any Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Item Check: None satisfy
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Username String Exists daemon
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Username String Exists gnats
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Username String Exists systemd-network
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Lst Int Exists 18828
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Username String Exists sync
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Username String Exists lp
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Username String Exists nobody
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Username String Exists mail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Username String Exists sshd
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Lst Int Exists 18828
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Username String Exists irc
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Username String Exists man
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Username String Exists backup
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Username String Exists www-data
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Username String Exists admin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Password String Exists $6$KhLjsx8m$Fx7SIypRTJV5135tnbD08CFRktWH.KXKvCtwJ.wwNNgvaQYmye872TO8hPcPuhpulHH4lyhWl42ur7eM2C0zF0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Lst Int Exists 18828
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Encrypt Method String Exists SHA-512
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Username String Exists messagebus
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Lst Int Exists 18828
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Username String Exists root
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Password String Exists $6$xyD2JtAg$18v8Q7.Fj661Tj6xlrq2V1lUwv1gFAo9cGZvip/QCBs6K4xculGxgRxPJrTb4tAcgLqQcI0MVNmxJf84T8OIq/
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Lst Int Exists 18828
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Encrypt Method String Exists SHA-512
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Username String Exists proxy
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Username String Exists sys
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Username String Exists systemd-resolve
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Lst Int Exists 18828
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Username String Exists bin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Username String Exists _apt
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Username String Exists list
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Username String Exists games
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Username String Exists news
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Username String Exists uucp
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Encrypt Method String Exists DES


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.1.4_Ensure_inactive_password_lock_is_30_days_or_less"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.557Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807007"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807007">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807007"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/default/useradd exists and matches pattern ^\s*INACTIVE\s*=\s*(30|[1-2][0-9]|[1-9])\s*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807013"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807013">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807013"
                       check="none satisfy"
                       check_existence="any_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Linux Custom Object "Ensure no users with a Password have password inactivation over 30 days"</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>Any Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>None satisfy</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>daemon</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>gnats</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>systemd-network</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18828</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>sync</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>lp</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>nobody</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>mail</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>sshd</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18828</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>irc</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>man</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>backup</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>www-data</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>admin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>$6$KhLjsx8m$Fx7SIypRTJV5135tnbD08CFRktWH.KXKvCtwJ.wwNNgvaQYmye872TO8hPcPuhpulHH4lyhWl42ur7eM2C0zF0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18828</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>SHA-512</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>messagebus</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18828</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>root</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>$6$xyD2JtAg$18v8Q7.Fj661Tj6xlrq2V1lUwv1gFAo9cGZvip/QCBs6K4xculGxgRxPJrTb4tAcgLqQcI0MVNmxJf84T8OIq/</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18828</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>SHA-512</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>proxy</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>sys</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>systemd-resolve</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18828</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>bin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>_apt</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>list</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>games</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>news</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>uucp</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Control 4: Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the use, assignment, and configuration of administrative privileges on computers, networks, and applications.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Subcontrol: 4.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Label: Use Unique Passwords
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Description: Where multi-factor authentication is not supported (such as local administrator, root, or service accounts), accounts will use passwords that are unique to that system.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  5.4.1.5 Ensure all users last password change date is in the past

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  All users should have a password change date in the past.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  If a users recorded password change date is in the future then they could bypass any set password expiration.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Investigate any users with a password change date in the future and correct them. Locking the account, expiring the password, or resetting the password manually may be appropriate.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Criterion: Linux Custom Object "Ensure all users with a Password have password change date in the past"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Variable Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Var Ref String Exists oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:807019
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Value Int Exists 1886899
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Value Int Exists 1886899
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Value Int Exists 331699
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Value Int Exists 1886899
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Value Int Exists 1886899
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Value Int Exists 1886899
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Value Int Exists 1886899
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Value Int Exists 331699
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Value Int Exists 1886899
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Value Int Exists 1886899
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Value Int Exists 1886899
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Value Int Exists 1886899
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Value Int Exists 331699
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Value Int Exists 331699
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Value Int Exists 331699
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Value Int Exists 1886899
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Value Int Exists 1886899
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Value Int Exists 331699
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Value Int Exists 1886899
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Value Int Exists 1886899
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Value Int Exists 1886899
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Value Int Exists 1886899
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Value Int Exists 1886899
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Value Int Exists 1886899


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.1.5_Ensure_all_users_last_password_change_date_is_in_the_past"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.557Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807019"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:807019">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:807019"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Linux Custom Object "Ensure all users with a Password have password change date in the past"</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Variable Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Var Ref</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:807019</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1886899</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1886899</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>331699</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1886899</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1886899</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1886899</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1886899</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>331699</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1886899</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1886899</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1886899</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1886899</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>331699</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>331699</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>331699</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1886899</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1886899</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>331699</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1886899</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1886899</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1886899</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1886899</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1886899</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1886899</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Control 4: Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the use, assignment, and configuration of administrative privileges on computers, networks, and applications.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Subcontrol: 4.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Label: Use Unique Passwords
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Description: Where multi-factor authentication is not supported (such as local administrator, root, or service accounts), accounts will use passwords that are unique to that system.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Error

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    5.4.2 Ensure system accounts are secured

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    There are a number of accounts provided with most distributions that are used to manage applications and are not intended to provide an interactive shell.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    It is important to make sure that accounts that are not being used by regular users are prevented from being used to provide an interactive shell. By default, most distributions set the password field for these accounts to an invalid string, but it is also recommended that the shell field in the password file be set to the nologin shell. This prevents the account from potentially being used to run any commands.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Run the commands appropriate for your distribution:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Set the shell for any accounts returned by the audit to nologin:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    # usermod -s $(which nologin) <user>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Lock any non root accounts returned by the audit:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    # usermod -L <user>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    The following command will set all system accounts to a non login shell:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    awk -F: '($1!="root" && $1!="sync" && $1!="shutdown" && $1!="halt" && $1!~/^\+/ && $3<'"$(awk '/^\s*UID_MIN/{print $2}' /etc/login.defs)"' && $7!="'"$(which nologin)"'" && $7!="/bin/false") {print $1}' /etc/passwd | while read -r user; do usermod -s "$(which nologin)" "$user"; done

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    The following command will automatically lock not root system accounts:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    awk -F: '($1!="root" && $1!~/^\+/ && $3<'"$(awk '/^\s*UID_MIN/{print $2}' /etc/login.defs)"') {print $1}' /etc/passwd | xargs -I '{}' passwd -S '{}' | awk '($2!="L" && $2!="LK") {print $1}' | while read -r user; do usermod -L "$user"; done

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Script: sce/account_disabled.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Exit Value: 101
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • system accounts login is disabled
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    No error lines were collected.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Criterion: Linux Custom Object "System Accounts Locked"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Existence Check: Any Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Result: Error
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.2_Ensure_system_accounts_are_secured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.557Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>error</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/account_disabled.sh"/>
         <xccdf:check-content>
            <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/account_disabled.sh"
                            href="sce/account_disabled.sh"
                            xccdf="pass"
                            exit-value="101">
               <out>
                  <l>system accounts login is disabled</l>
               </out>
               <err/>
               <env/>
            </command_result>
         </xccdf:check-content>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="sce">
               <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                        <td>sce/account_disabled.sh</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                        <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                        <td>101</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                        <td>
                           <ul class="unstyled">
                              <li>system accounts login is disabled</li>
                           </ul>
                        </td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806822"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806822">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806822"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="any_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Linux Custom Object "System Accounts Locked"</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>Any Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="error">Error</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Control: Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation, use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage them.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      5.4.3 Ensure default group for the root account is GID 0

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      The usermod command can be used to specify which group the root user belongs to. This affects permissions of files that are created by the root user.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Using GID 0 for the root account helps prevent root -owned files from accidentally becoming accessible to non-privileged users.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Run the following command to set the root user default group to GID 0 :

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      # usermod -g 0 root

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Criterion: Linux Custom Object "Default Group Set For root User"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Username String Exists root
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password String Exists x
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Group Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Gcos String Exists root
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Home Dir String Exists /root
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Login Shell String Exists /bin/bash
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Last Login Int Does not exist No Value


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.3_Ensure_default_group_for_the_root_account_is_GID_0"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.557Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806829"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806829">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806829"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Linux Custom Object "Default Group Set For root User"</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Password Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>root</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>x</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gcos</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>root</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Home Dir</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/root</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Login Shell</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/bin/bash</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Last Login</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these critical assets based on an approved classification.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Subcontrol: 14.6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Label: Protect Information through Access Control Lists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Description: Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims, application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        5.4.4 Ensure default user umask is 027 or more restrictive

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        The default umask determines the permissions of files created by users. The user creating the file has the discretion of making their files and directories readable by others via the chmod command. Users who wish to allow their files and directories to be readable by others by default may choose a different default umask by inserting the umask command into the standard shell configuration files ( .profile , .bashrc , etc.) in their home directories.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Setting a very secure default value for umask ensures that users make a conscious choice about their file permissions. A default umask setting of 077 causes files and directories created by users to not be readable by any other user on the system. A umask of 027 would make files and directories readable by users in the same Unix group, while a umask of 022 would make files readable by every user on the system.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Edit the /etc/bash.bashrc , /etc/profile and /etc/profile.d/*.sh files (and the appropriate files for any other shell supported on your system) and add or edit any umask parameters as follows:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        umask 027

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/bash.bashrc exists and matches pattern ^\s*umask\s+[01234567][2367]7\s*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Criterion: Ensure no file named /etc/bash.bashrc exists and matches pattern ^\s*umask\s+[01234567](0[7654321]|[7654321][654321])\s*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        OR
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Criterion: Ensure no file named /etc/profile exists and matches pattern ^\s*umask\s+[01234567](0[7654321]|[7654321][654321])\s*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Criterion: Ensurefile(s) named ^.+\.sh$ in /etc/profile.d/ exists and matches pattern ^\s*umask\s+[01234567](0[7654321]|[7654321][654321])\s*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/profile exists and matches pattern ^\s*umask\s+[01234567][2367]7\s*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Criterion: Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+\.sh$ in /etc/profile.d/ exists and matches pattern ^\s*umask\s+[01234567][2367]7\s*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Item Check: At least one
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.4_Ensure_default_user_umask_is_027_or_more_restrictive"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.558Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
         <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
            <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
               <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                            negate="false"
                            multi-check="false">
                  <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                           name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806832"/>
                  <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                     <div class="definition"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806832">
                        <div class="criteria">
                           <div class="criterion"
                                id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806832"
                                check="all"
                                check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                              <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                                 <tbody class="tbe">
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                       <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/bash.bashrc exists and matches pattern ^\s*umask\s+[01234567][2367]7\s*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                       <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                       <td>All</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                       <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                    </tr>
                                 </tbody>
                              </table>
                              <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </table>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </evidence>
               </xccdf:check>
               <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                            negate="false"
                            multi-check="false">
                  <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                           name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806836"/>
                  <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                     <div class="definition"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806836">
                        <div class="criteria">
                           <div class="criterion"
                                id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806836"
                                check="all"
                                check_existence="none_exist">
                              <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                                 <tbody class="tbe">
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                       <td>Ensure no file named /etc/bash.bashrc exists and matches pattern ^\s*umask\s+[01234567](0[7654321]|[7654321][654321])\s*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                       <td>None Exist</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                       <td>All</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                       <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                                    </tr>
                                 </tbody>
                              </table>
                              <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </table>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </evidence>
               </xccdf:check>
            </xccdf:complex-check>
            <xccdf:complex-check operator="OR" negate="false">
               <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                            negate="false"
                            multi-check="false">
                  <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                           name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806847"/>
                  <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                     <div class="definition"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806847">
                        <div class="criteria">
                           <div class="criterion"
                                id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806847"
                                check="all"
                                check_existence="none_exist">
                              <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                                 <tbody class="tbe">
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                       <td>Ensure no file named /etc/profile exists and matches pattern ^\s*umask\s+[01234567](0[7654321]|[7654321][654321])\s*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                       <td>None Exist</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                       <td>All</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                       <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                                    </tr>
                                 </tbody>
                              </table>
                              <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </table>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </evidence>
               </xccdf:check>
               <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                            negate="false"
                            multi-check="false">
                  <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                           name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806858"/>
                  <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                     <div class="definition"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806858">
                        <div class="criteria">
                           <div class="criterion"
                                id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806858"
                                check="all"
                                check_existence="none_exist">
                              <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                                 <tbody class="tbe">
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                       <td>Ensurefile(s) named ^.+\.sh$ in /etc/profile.d/ exists and matches pattern ^\s*umask\s+[01234567](0[7654321]|[7654321][654321])\s*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                       <td>None Exist</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                       <td>All</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                       <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                                    </tr>
                                 </tbody>
                              </table>
                              <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </table>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </evidence>
               </xccdf:check>
            </xccdf:complex-check>
            <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                         negate="false"
                         multi-check="false">
               <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                        name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806841"/>
               <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                  <div class="definition"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806841">
                     <div class="criteria">
                        <div class="criterion"
                             id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806841"
                             check="all"
                             check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                           <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                    <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/profile exists and matches pattern ^\s*umask\s+[01234567][2367]7\s*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                    <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                    <td>All</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                    <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                              </tr>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </evidence>
            </xccdf:check>
         </xccdf:complex-check>
         <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                     name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806853"/>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="definition"
                    id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806853">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806853"
                          check="at least one"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure at least one file(s) named ^.+\.sh$ in /etc/profile.d/ exists and matches pattern ^\s*umask\s+[01234567][2367]7\s*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>At least one</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
      </xccdf:complex-check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these critical assets based on an approved classification.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Subcontrol: 14.6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Label: Protect Information through Access Control Lists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Description: Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims, application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          5.4.5 Ensure default user shell timeout is 900 seconds or less

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          The default TMOUT determines the shell timeout for users. The TMOUT value is measured in seconds.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Having no timeout value associated with a shell could allow an unauthorized user access to another user's shell session (e.g. user walks away from their computer and doesn't lock the screen). Setting a timeout value at least reduces the risk of this happening.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Edit the /etc/bashrc , /etc/profile and /etc/profile.d/*.sh files (and the appropriate files for any other shell supported on your system) and add or edit any TMOUT parameters in accordance with site policy:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          readonly TMOUT=900 ; export TMOUT

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Note: setting the value to readonly prevents unwanted modification during runtime.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/bash.bashrc exists and matches pattern ^\s*(\S+\s+)*TMOUT=(900|[1-8][0-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|[1-9])\b\s*(\S+\s*)*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Criterion: Ensure no file named /etc/bash.bashrc exists and matches pattern ^\s*(\S+\s+)*TMOUT=(90[1-9]|9[1-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9]{3,})\b\s*(\S+\s*)*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Criterion: Ensure no file named /etc/profile exists and matches pattern ^\s*(\S+\s+)*TMOUT=(90[1-9]|9[1-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9]{3,})\b\s*(\S+\s*)*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/profile exists and matches pattern ^\s*(\S+\s+)*TMOUT=(900|[1-8][0-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|[1-9])\b\s*(\S+\s*)*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          No matching system items were found.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Criterion: Ensurefile(s) named ^.+\.sh$ in /etc/profile.d/ exists and matches pattern ^\s*(\S+\s+)*TMOUT=(90[1-9]|9[1-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9]{3,})\b\s*(\S+\s*)*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.4.5_Ensure_default_user_shell_timeout_is_900_seconds_or_less"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.558Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16/subcontrol/11"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
         <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
            <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
               <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                            negate="false"
                            multi-check="false">
                  <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                           name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806865"/>
                  <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                     <div class="definition"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806865">
                        <div class="criteria">
                           <div class="criterion"
                                id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806865"
                                check="all"
                                check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                              <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                                 <tbody class="tbe">
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                       <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/bash.bashrc exists and matches pattern ^\s*(\S+\s+)*TMOUT=(900|[1-8][0-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|[1-9])\b\s*(\S+\s*)*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                       <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                       <td>All</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                       <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                                    </tr>
                                 </tbody>
                              </table>
                              <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </table>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </evidence>
               </xccdf:check>
               <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                            negate="false"
                            multi-check="false">
                  <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                           name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806869"/>
                  <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                     <div class="definition"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806869">
                        <div class="criteria">
                           <div class="criterion"
                                id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806869"
                                check="all"
                                check_existence="none_exist">
                              <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                                 <tbody class="tbe">
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                       <td>Ensure no file named /etc/bash.bashrc exists and matches pattern ^\s*(\S+\s+)*TMOUT=(90[1-9]|9[1-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9]{3,})\b\s*(\S+\s*)*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                       <td>None Exist</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                       <td>All</td>
                                    </tr>
                                    <tr>
                                       <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                       <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                                    </tr>
                                 </tbody>
                              </table>
                              <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </table>
                           </div>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </evidence>
               </xccdf:check>
            </xccdf:complex-check>
            <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                         negate="false"
                         multi-check="false">
               <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                        name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806873"/>
               <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
                  <div class="definition"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806873">
                     <div class="criteria">
                        <div class="criterion"
                             id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806873"
                             check="all"
                             check_existence="none_exist">
                           <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                              <tbody class="tbe">
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                    <td>Ensure no file named /etc/profile exists and matches pattern ^\s*(\S+\s+)*TMOUT=(90[1-9]|9[1-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9]{3,})\b\s*(\S+\s*)*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                    <td>None Exist</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                    <td>All</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                    <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                           <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                              <tr>
                                 <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                              </tr>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </evidence>
            </xccdf:check>
         </xccdf:complex-check>
         <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                      negate="false"
                      multi-check="false">
            <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                     name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806877"/>
            <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
               <div class="definition"
                    id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806877">
                  <div class="criteria">
                     <div class="criterion"
                          id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806877"
                          check="all"
                          check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                        <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                           <tbody class="tbe">
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                                 <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/profile exists and matches pattern ^\s*(\S+\s+)*TMOUT=(900|[1-8][0-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9]|[1-9])\b\s*(\S+\s*)*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                                 <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                                 <td>All</td>
                              </tr>
                              <tr>
                                 <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                                 <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                              </tr>
                           </tbody>
                        </table>
                        <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                           <tr>
                              <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                           </tr>
                        </table>
                     </div>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </evidence>
         </xccdf:check>
      </xccdf:complex-check>
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806881"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806881">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806881"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensurefile(s) named ^.+\.sh$ in /etc/profile.d/ exists and matches pattern ^\s*(\S+\s+)*TMOUT=(90[1-9]|9[1-9][0-9]|[1-9][0-9]{3,})\b\s*(\S+\s*)*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Control: Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation, use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage them.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Subcontrol: 16.11
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Label: Lock Workstation Sessions After Inactivity
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Description: Automatically lock workstation sessions after a standard period of inactivity.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Manual

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            5.5 Ensure root login is restricted to system console

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            The file /etc/securetty contains a list of valid terminals that may be logged in directly as root.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Since the system console has special properties to handle emergency situations, it is important to ensure that the console is in a physically secure location and that unauthorized consoles have not been defined.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Remove entries for any consoles that are not in a physically secure location.



                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.5_Ensure_root_login_is_restricted_to_system_console"
                   role="unscored"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.558Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="0.0">
   <xccdf:result>notchecked</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/4/subcontrol/3"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Control 4: Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the use, assignment, and configuration of administrative privileges on computers, networks, and applications.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Subcontrol: 4.3
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Label: Ensure the Use of Dedicated Administrative Accounts
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Description: Ensure that all users with administrative account access use a dedicated or secondary account for elevated activities. This account should only be used for administrative activities and not internet browsing, email, or similar activities.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              5.6 Ensure access to the su command is restricted

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              The su command allows a user to run a command or shell as another user. The program has been superseded by sudo , which allows for more granular control over privileged access. Normally, the su command can be executed by any user. By uncommenting the pam_wheel.so statement in /etc/pam.d/su , the su command will only allow users in a specific groups to execute su . This group should be empty to reinforce the use of sudo for privileged access.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Restricting the use of su , and using sudo in its place, provides system administrators better control of the escalation of user privileges to execute privileged commands. The sudo utility also provides a better logging and audit mechanism, as it can log each command executed via sudo , whereas su can only record that a user executed the su program.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Create an empty group that will be specified for use of the su command. The group should be named according to site policy.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              groupadd sugroup

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Add the following line to the /etc/pam.d/su file, specifying the empty group:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              auth required pam_wheel.so use_uid group=sugroup

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/pam.d/su exists and matches pattern ^\s*auth\s+required\s+pam_wheel\.so\s+(\S+\s+)*use_uid\s+(\S+\s+)*group=\S+\s*(\S+\s*)*(\s+#.*)?$
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_5.6_Ensure_access_to_the_su_command_is_restricted"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.559Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806662"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806662">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806662"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/pam.d/su exists and matches pattern ^\s*auth\s+required\s+pam_wheel\.so\s+(\S+\s+)*use_uid\s+(\S+\s+)*group=\S+\s*(\S+\s*)*(\s+#.*)?$</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Subcontrol: 5.1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Back to Summary

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                6 System Maintenance

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Recommendations in this section are intended as maintenance and are intended to be checked on a frequent basis to ensure system stability. Many recommendations do not have quick remediations and require investigation into the cause and best fix available and may indicate an attempted breach of system security.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                6.1 System File Permissions

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                This section provides guidance on securing aspects of system files and directories.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                6.1.2 Ensure permissions on /etc/passwd are configured

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                The /etc/passwd file contains user account information that is used by many system utilities and therefore must be readable for these utilities to operate.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                It is critical to ensure that the /etc/passwd file is protected from unauthorized write access. Although it is protected by default, the file permissions could be changed either inadvertently or through malicious actions.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Run the following command to set permissions on /etc/passwd :

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                # chown root:root /etc/passwd # chmod u-x,go-wx /etc/passwd

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/passwd exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions --x-wx-wx
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Filepath String Exists /etc/passwd
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Path String Exists /etc
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Filename String Exists passwd
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Type String Exists regular
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Group Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                A Time Int Exists 1626811552
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                C Time Int Exists 1626829985
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                M Time Int Exists 1626811552
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Size Int Exists 1244
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Uread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Uwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Gread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Oread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.2_Ensure_permissions_on_etcpasswd_are_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.559Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806725"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806725">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806725"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/passwd exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions --x-wx-wx</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc/passwd</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>passwd</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811552</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626829985</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811552</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1244</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Control: Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation, use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage them.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Subcontrol: 16.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Label: Encrypt or Hash all Authentication Credentials
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Description: Encrypt or hash with a salt all authentication credentials when stored.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  6.1.3 Ensure permissions on /etc/gshadow- are configured

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  The /etc/gshadow- file is used to store backup information about groups that is critical to the security of those accounts, such as the hashed password and other security information.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  It is critical to ensure that the /etc/gshadow- file is protected from unauthorized access. Although it is protected by default, the file permissions could be changed either inadvertently or through malicious actions.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Run the one of the following chown commands as appropriate and the chmod to set permissions on /etc/gshadow- :

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  # chown root:root /etc/gshadow-

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  OR

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  # chown root:shadow /etc/gshadow- # chmod g-wx,o-rwx /etc/gshadow-

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/gshadow- exists and is owned by user 0 and does not have permissions --x-wxrwx SUID
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Filepath String Exists /etc/gshadow-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Path String Exists /etc
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Filename String Exists gshadow-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Type String Exists regular
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Group Id Int Exists 42
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  A Time Int Exists 1627070106
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  C Time Int Exists 1627070106
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  M Time Int Exists 1626811552
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Size Int Exists 498
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Uread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Uwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Gread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oread Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.3_Ensure_permissions_on_etcgshadow-_are_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.559Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806784"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806784">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806784"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/gshadow- exists and is owned by user 0 and does not have permissions --x-wxrwx SUID</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc/gshadow-</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>gshadow-</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>42</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070106</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070106</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811552</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>498</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Control: Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation, use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage them.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Subcontrol: 16.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Label: Encrypt or Hash all Authentication Credentials
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Description: Encrypt or hash with a salt all authentication credentials when stored.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    6.1.4 Ensure permissions on /etc/shadow are configured

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    The /etc/shadow file is used to store the information about user accounts that is critical to the security of those accounts, such as the hashed password and other security information.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    If attackers can gain read access to the /etc/shadow file, they can easily run a password cracking program against the hashed password to break it. Other security information that is stored in the /etc/shadow file (such as expiration) could also be useful to subvert the user accounts.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Run the one following commands to set permissions on /etc/shadow :

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    # chmod o-rwx,g-wx /etc/shadow # chown root:shadow /etc/shadow

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/shadow exists and is owned by user 0 and does not have permissions --x-wxrwx SUID SGID sticky
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Filepath String Exists /etc/shadow
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Path String Exists /etc
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Filename String Exists shadow
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Type String Exists regular
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Group Id Int Exists 42
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    A Time Int Exists 1626811552
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    C Time Int Exists 1626829985
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    M Time Int Exists 1626811552
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Size Int Exists 854
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Uread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Uwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Gread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Oread Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.4_Ensure_permissions_on_etcshadow_are_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.637Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806732"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806732">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806732"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/shadow exists and is owned by user 0 and does not have permissions --x-wxrwx SUID SGID sticky</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc/shadow</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>shadow</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>42</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811552</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626829985</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811552</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>854</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Control: Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation, use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage them.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Subcontrol: 16.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Label: Encrypt or Hash all Authentication Credentials
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Description: Encrypt or hash with a salt all authentication credentials when stored.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      6.1.5 Ensure permissions on /etc/group are configured

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      The /etc/group file contains a list of all the valid groups defined in the system. The command below allows read/write access for root and read access for everyone else.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      The /etc/group file needs to be protected from unauthorized changes by non-privileged users, but needs to be readable as this information is used with many non-privileged programs.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Run the following command to set permissions on /etc/group :

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      # chown root:root /etc/group



                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      # chmod 644 /etc/group

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/group exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions --x-wx-wx
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Filepath String Exists /etc/group
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Path String Exists /etc
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Filename String Exists group
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Type String Exists regular
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Group Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      A Time Int Exists 1627070106
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      C Time Int Exists 1627070106
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      M Time Int Exists 1627070106
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Size Int Exists 611
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Uread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Uwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Gread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Oread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.5_Ensure_permissions_on_etcgroup_are_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.637Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806740"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806740">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806740"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/group exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions --x-wx-wx</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc/group</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>group</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070106</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070106</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070106</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>611</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Control: Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation, use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage them.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Subcontrol: 16.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Label: Encrypt or Hash all Authentication Credentials
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Description: Encrypt or hash with a salt all authentication credentials when stored.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        6.1.6 Ensure permissions on /etc/passwd- are configured

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        The /etc/passwd- file contains backup user account information.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        It is critical to ensure that the /etc/passwd- file is protected from unauthorized access. Although it is protected by default, the file permissions could be changed either inadvertently or through malicious actions.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Run the following command to set permissions on /etc/passwd- :

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        # chown root:root /etc/passwd-



                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        # chmod u-x,go-rwx /etc/passwd-

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/passwd- exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions --xrwxrwx
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Filepath String Exists /etc/passwd-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Path String Exists /etc
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Filename String Exists passwd-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Type String Exists regular
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Group Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        A Time Int Exists 1626811533
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        C Time Int Exists 1626829985
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        M Time Int Exists 1626811533
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Size Int Exists 1203
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Uread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Uwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Gread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Oread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.6_Ensure_permissions_on_etcpasswd-_are_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.637Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806758"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806758">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806758"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/passwd- exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions --xrwxrwx</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc/passwd-</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>passwd-</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811533</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626829985</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811533</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1203</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Control: Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation, use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage them.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Subcontrol: 16.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Label: Encrypt or Hash all Authentication Credentials
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Description: Encrypt or hash with a salt all authentication credentials when stored.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          6.1.7 Ensure permissions on /etc/shadow- are configured

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          The /etc/shadow- file is used to store backup information about user accounts that is critical to the security of those accounts, such as the hashed password and other security information.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          It is critical to ensure that the /etc/shadow- file is protected from unauthorized access. Although it is protected by default, the file permissions could be changed either inadvertently or through malicious actions.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Run the following commands to set permissions on /etc/shadow- :

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          # chown root:shadow /etc/shadow- # chmod u-x,go-rwx /etc/shadow-

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/shadow- exists and is owned by user 0 and does not have permissions --xrwxrwx
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Filepath String Exists /etc/shadow-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Path String Exists /etc
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Filename String Exists shadow-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Type String Exists regular
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Group Id Int Exists 42
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          A Time Int Exists 1626811533
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          C Time Int Exists 1626829985
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          M Time Int Exists 1626811533
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Size Int Exists 633
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Uread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Uwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Gread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oread Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.7_Ensure_permissions_on_etcshadow-_are_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.637Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806767"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806767">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806767"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/shadow- exists and is owned by user 0 and does not have permissions --xrwxrwx</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc/shadow-</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>shadow-</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>42</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811533</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626829985</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811533</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>633</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Control: Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation, use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage them.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Subcontrol: 16.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Label: Encrypt or Hash all Authentication Credentials
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Description: Encrypt or hash with a salt all authentication credentials when stored.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            6.1.8 Ensure permissions on /etc/group- are configured

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            The /etc/group- file contains a backup list of all the valid groups defined in the system.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            It is critical to ensure that the /etc/group- file is protected from unauthorized access. Although it is protected by default, the file permissions could be changed either inadvertently or through malicious actions.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Run the following command to set permissions on /etc/group- :

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            # chown root:root /etc/group-



                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            # chmod u-x,go-wx /etc/group-

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/group- exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions --x-wx-wx
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Filepath String Exists /etc/group-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Path String Exists /etc
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Filename String Exists group-
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Type String Exists regular
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Group Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            A Time Int Exists 1627070106
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            C Time Int Exists 1627070106
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            M Time Int Exists 1626811552
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Size Int Exists 595
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Uread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Uwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Gread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Oread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.8_Ensure_permissions_on_etcgroup-_are_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.637Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806775"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806775">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806775"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/group- exists and is owned by 0:0 and does not have permissions --x-wx-wx</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc/group-</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>group-</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070106</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070106</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811552</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>595</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Control: Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation, use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage them.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Subcontrol: 16.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Label: Encrypt or Hash all Authentication Credentials
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Description: Encrypt or hash with a salt all authentication credentials when stored.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              6.1.9 Ensure permissions on /etc/gshadow are configured

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              The /etc/gshadow file is used to store the information about groups that is critical to the security of those accounts, such as the hashed password and other security information.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              If attackers can gain read access to the /etc/gshadow file, they can easily run a password cracking program against the hashed password to break it. Other security information that is stored in the /etc/gshadow file (such as group administrators) could also be useful to subvert the group.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Run the following commands to set permissions on /etc/gshadow :

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              # chown root:shadow /etc/gshadow



                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              # chmod o-rwx,g-wx /etc/gshadow

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/gshadow exists and is owned by user 0 and does not have permissions --x-wxrwx
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Filepath String Exists /etc/gshadow
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Path String Exists /etc
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Filename String Exists gshadow
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Type String Exists regular
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Group Id Int Exists 42
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              User Id Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              A Time Int Exists 1627070106
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              C Time Int Exists 1627070106
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              M Time Int Exists 1627070106
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Size Int Exists 511
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Uread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Uwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Gread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Oread Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.9_Ensure_permissions_on_etcgshadow_are_configured"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.637Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806749"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806749">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806749"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/gshadow exists and is owned by user 0 and does not have permissions --x-wxrwx</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc/gshadow</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/etc</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>gshadow</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>42</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070106</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070106</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1627070106</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>511</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Control: Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation, use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage them.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Subcontrol: 16.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Label: Encrypt or Hash all Authentication Credentials
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Description: Encrypt or hash with a salt all authentication credentials when stored.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                6.1.10 Ensure no world writable files exist

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Unix-based systems support variable settings to control access to files. World writable files are the least secure. See the chmod(2) man page for more information.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Data in world-writable files can be modified and compromised by any user on the system. World writable files may also indicate an incorrectly written script or program that could potentially be the cause of a larger compromise to the system's integrity.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Removing write access for the "other" category ( chmod o-w <filename> ) is advisable, but always consult relevant vendor documentation to avoid breaking any application dependencies on a given file.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Script: sce/world_writable_files.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Exit Value: 102
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • World-Writable file /root/sample-asset.yaml
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • World-Writable file /tmp/startup-script.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • World-Writable file /dev/urandom
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • World-Writable file /dev/zero
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • World-Writable file /dev/tty
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • World-Writable file /dev/full
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • World-Writable file /dev/random
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • World-Writable file /dev/null
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • World-Writable file /dev/kmsg
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/sucker_punch-1.0.5/spec/sucker_punch/job_spec.rb
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/sucker_punch-1.0.5/Gemfile
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/sucker_punch-1.0.5/lib/sucker_punch/version.rb
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/sucker_punch-1.0.5/CHANGES.md
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/request_store.gemspec
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/test/middleware_test.rb
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/test/test_helper.rb
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/test/request_store_test.rb
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/README.md
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/Gemfile
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/lib/request_store.rb
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/lib/request_store/middleware.rb
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/lib/request_store/railtie.rb
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/lib/request_store/version.rb
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/.gitignore
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/LICENSE.txt
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/Rakefile
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/.travis.yml
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                No error lines were collected.


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.10_Ensure_no_world_writable_files_exist"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.637Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/world_writable_files.sh"/>
         <xccdf:check-content>
            <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/world_writable_files.sh"
                            href="sce/world_writable_files.sh"
                            xccdf="fail"
                            exit-value="102">
               <out>
                  <l>World-Writable file /root/sample-asset.yaml</l>
                  <l>World-Writable file /tmp/startup-script.sh</l>
                  <l>World-Writable file /dev/urandom</l>
                  <l>World-Writable file /dev/zero</l>
                  <l>World-Writable file /dev/tty</l>
                  <l>World-Writable file /dev/full</l>
                  <l>World-Writable file /dev/random</l>
                  <l>World-Writable file /dev/null</l>
                  <l>World-Writable file /dev/kmsg</l>
                  <l>World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/sucker_punch-1.0.5/spec/sucker_punch/job_spec.rb</l>
                  <l>World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/sucker_punch-1.0.5/Gemfile</l>
                  <l>World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/sucker_punch-1.0.5/lib/sucker_punch/version.rb</l>
                  <l>World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/sucker_punch-1.0.5/CHANGES.md</l>
                  <l>World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/request_store.gemspec</l>
                  <l>World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/test/middleware_test.rb</l>
                  <l>World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/test/test_helper.rb</l>
                  <l>World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/test/request_store_test.rb</l>
                  <l>World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/README.md</l>
                  <l>World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/Gemfile</l>
                  <l>World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/lib/request_store.rb</l>
                  <l>World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/lib/request_store/middleware.rb</l>
                  <l>World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/lib/request_store/railtie.rb</l>
                  <l>World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/lib/request_store/version.rb</l>
                  <l>World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/.gitignore</l>
                  <l>World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/LICENSE.txt</l>
                  <l>World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/Rakefile</l>
                  <l>World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/.travis.yml</l>
               </out>
               <err/>
               <env/>
            </command_result>
         </xccdf:check-content>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="sce">
               <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                        <td>sce/world_writable_files.sh</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                        <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                        <td>102</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                        <td>
                           <ul class="unstyled">
                              <li>World-Writable file /root/sample-asset.yaml</li>
                              <li>World-Writable file /tmp/startup-script.sh</li>
                              <li>World-Writable file /dev/urandom</li>
                              <li>World-Writable file /dev/zero</li>
                              <li>World-Writable file /dev/tty</li>
                              <li>World-Writable file /dev/full</li>
                              <li>World-Writable file /dev/random</li>
                              <li>World-Writable file /dev/null</li>
                              <li>World-Writable file /dev/kmsg</li>
                              <li>World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/sucker_punch-1.0.5/spec/sucker_punch/job_spec.rb</li>
                              <li>World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/sucker_punch-1.0.5/Gemfile</li>
                              <li>World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/sucker_punch-1.0.5/lib/sucker_punch/version.rb</li>
                              <li>World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/sucker_punch-1.0.5/CHANGES.md</li>
                              <li>World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/request_store.gemspec</li>
                              <li>World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/test/middleware_test.rb</li>
                              <li>World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/test/test_helper.rb</li>
                              <li>World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/test/request_store_test.rb</li>
                              <li>World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/README.md</li>
                              <li>World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/Gemfile</li>
                              <li>World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/lib/request_store.rb</li>
                              <li>World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/lib/request_store/middleware.rb</li>
                              <li>World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/lib/request_store/railtie.rb</li>
                              <li>World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/lib/request_store/version.rb</li>
                              <li>World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/.gitignore</li>
                              <li>World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/LICENSE.txt</li>
                              <li>World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/Rakefile</li>
                              <li>World-Writable file /var/lib/docker/overlay2/ab9002e9655039be7e3d59214b50b0e67197ea746866c7545a7e97481e01a17c/diff/opt/fluentd-ui/vendor/bundle/ruby/2.5.0/gems/request_store-1.3.2/.travis.yml</li>
                           </ul>
                        </td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these critical assets based on an approved classification.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Subcontrol: 14.6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Label: Protect Information through Access Control Lists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Description: Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims, application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  6.1.11 Ensure no unowned files or directories exist

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Sometimes when administrators delete users from the password file they neglect to remove all files owned by those users from the system.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  A new user who is assigned the deleted user's user ID or group ID may then end up "owning" these files, and thus have more access on the system than was intended.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Locate files that are owned by users or groups not listed in the system configuration files, and reset the ownership of these files to some active user on the system as appropriate.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Script: sce/no_unowned_files_and_directories.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Exit Value: 101
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  No output lines were collected.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  No error lines were collected.


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.11_Ensure_no_unowned_files_or_directories_exist"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.638Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/13/subcontrol/2"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/no_unowned_files_and_directories.sh"/>
         <xccdf:check-content>
            <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/no_unowned_files_and_directories.sh"
                            href="sce/no_unowned_files_and_directories.sh"
                            xccdf="pass"
                            exit-value="101">
               <out/>
               <err/>
               <env/>
            </command_result>
         </xccdf:check-content>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="sce">
               <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                        <td>sce/no_unowned_files_and_directories.sh</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                        <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                        <td>101</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td>No output lines were collected.</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Control 13: Data Protection: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Control: The processes and tools used to prevent data exfiltration, mitigate the effects of exfiltrated data, and ensure the privacy and integrity of sensitive information.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Subcontrol: 13.2
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Label: Remove Sensitive Data or Systems Not Regularly Accessed by Organization
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Description: Remove sensitive data or systems not regularly accessed by the organization from the network. These systems shall only be used as stand alone systems (disconnected from the network) by the business unit needing to occasionally use the system or completely virtualized and powered off until needed.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    6.1.12 Ensure no ungrouped files or directories exist

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Sometimes when administrators delete users or groups from the system they neglect to remove all files owned by those users or groups.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    A new user who is assigned the deleted user's user ID or group ID may then end up "owning" these files, and thus have more access on the system than was intended.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Locate files that are owned by users or groups not listed in the system configuration files, and reset the ownership of these files to some active user on the system as appropriate.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Script: sce/no_ungrouped_files_and_directories.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Exit Value: 101
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    No output lines were collected.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    No error lines were collected.


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.12_Ensure_no_ungrouped_files_or_directories_exist"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.638Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/13/subcontrol/2"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/no_ungrouped_files_and_directories.sh"/>
         <xccdf:check-content>
            <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/no_ungrouped_files_and_directories.sh"
                            href="sce/no_ungrouped_files_and_directories.sh"
                            xccdf="pass"
                            exit-value="101">
               <out/>
               <err/>
               <env/>
            </command_result>
         </xccdf:check-content>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="sce">
               <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                        <td>sce/no_ungrouped_files_and_directories.sh</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                        <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                        <td>101</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td>No output lines were collected.</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Control 13: Data Protection: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Control: The processes and tools used to prevent data exfiltration, mitigate the effects of exfiltrated data, and ensure the privacy and integrity of sensitive information.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Subcontrol: 13.2
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Label: Remove Sensitive Data or Systems Not Regularly Accessed by Organization
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Description: Remove sensitive data or systems not regularly accessed by the organization from the network. These systems shall only be used as stand alone systems (disconnected from the network) by the business unit needing to occasionally use the system or completely virtualized and powered off until needed.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Manual

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      6.1.13 Audit SUID executables

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      The owner of a file can set the file's permissions to run with the owner's or group's permissions, even if the user running the program is not the owner or a member of the group. The most common reason for a SUID program is to enable users to perform functions (such as changing their password) that require root privileges.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      There are valid reasons for SUID programs, but it is important to identify and review such programs to ensure they are legitimate.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Ensure that no rogue SUID programs have been introduced into the system. Review the files returned by the action in the Audit section and confirm the integrity of these binaries.



                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.13_Audit_SUID_executables"
                   role="unscored"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.638Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="0.0">
   <xccdf:result>notchecked</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Subcontrol: 5.1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Manual

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        6.1.14 Audit SGID executables

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        The owner of a file can set the file's permissions to run with the owner's or group's permissions, even if the user running the program is not the owner or a member of the group. The most common reason for a SGID program is to enable users to perform functions (such as changing their password) that require root privileges.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        There are valid reasons for SGID programs, but it is important to identify and review such programs to ensure they are legitimate. Review the files returned by the action in the audit section and check to see if system binaries have a different md5 checksum than what from the package. This is an indication that the binary may have been replaced.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Ensure that no rogue SGID programs have been introduced into the system. Review the files returned by the action in the Audit section and confirm the integrity of these binaries.



                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.1.14_Audit_SGID_executables"
                   role="unscored"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.638Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="0.0">
   <xccdf:result>notchecked</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Subcontrol: 5.1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Back to Summary

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          6.2 User and Group Settings

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          This section provides guidance on securing aspects of the users and groups.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Note: The recommendations in this section check local users and groups. Any users or groups from other sources such as LDAP will not be audited. In a domain environment similar checks should be performed against domain users and groups.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          6.2.1 Ensure password fields are not empty

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          An account with an empty password field means that anybody may log in as that user without providing a password.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          All accounts must have passwords or be locked to prevent the account from being used by an unauthorized user.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          If any accounts in the /etc/shadow file do not have a password, run the following command to lock the account until it can be determined why it does not have a password:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          # passwd -l <username>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Also, check to see if the account is logged in and investigate what it is being used for to determine if it needs to be forced off.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Criterion: Ensure usernames pattern match .+ have shadow parameter password Pattern Match .+ (string)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists daemon
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists gnats
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists systemd-network
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18828
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists sync
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists lp
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists nobody
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists mail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists sshd
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18828
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists irc
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists man
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists backup
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists www-data
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists admin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists $6$KhLjsx8m$Fx7SIypRTJV5135tnbD08CFRktWH.KXKvCtwJ.wwNNgvaQYmye872TO8hPcPuhpulHH4lyhWl42ur7eM2C0zF0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18828
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists SHA-512
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists messagebus
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18828
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists root
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists $6$xyD2JtAg$18v8Q7.Fj661Tj6xlrq2V1lUwv1gFAo9cGZvip/QCBs6K4xculGxgRxPJrTb4tAcgLqQcI0MVNmxJf84T8OIq/
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18828
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists SHA-512
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists proxy
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists sys
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists systemd-resolve
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18828
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists bin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists _apt
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists list
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists games
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists news
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Shadow Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Username String Exists uucp
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Password String Exists *
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Lst Int Exists 18810
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Allow Int Exists 0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Chg Req Int Exists 99999
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Warn Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Inact Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exp Date Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Flag String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Encrypt Method String Exists DES


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.1_Ensure_password_fields_are_not_empty"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.638Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/4/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-export export-name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:806727"
                             value-id="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_value_806727_var"/>
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806727"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806727">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806727"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure usernames pattern match .+ have shadow parameter password Pattern Match .+ (string)</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>daemon</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>gnats</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>systemd-network</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18828</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>sync</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>lp</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>nobody</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>mail</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>sshd</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18828</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>irc</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>man</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>backup</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>www-data</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>admin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>$6$KhLjsx8m$Fx7SIypRTJV5135tnbD08CFRktWH.KXKvCtwJ.wwNNgvaQYmye872TO8hPcPuhpulHH4lyhWl42ur7eM2C0zF0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18828</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>SHA-512</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>messagebus</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18828</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>root</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>$6$xyD2JtAg$18v8Q7.Fj661Tj6xlrq2V1lUwv1gFAo9cGZvip/QCBs6K4xculGxgRxPJrTb4tAcgLqQcI0MVNmxJf84T8OIq/</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18828</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>SHA-512</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>proxy</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>sys</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>systemd-resolve</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18828</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>bin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>_apt</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>list</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>games</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>news</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Shadow Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>uucp</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>*</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Lst</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>18810</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Allow</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Chg Req</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>99999</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Warn</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Inact</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Exp Date</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Flag</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Encrypt Method</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>DES</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Control 4: Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the use, assignment, and configuration of administrative privileges on computers, networks, and applications.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Subcontrol: 4.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Label: Use Unique Passwords
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Description: Where multi-factor authentication is not supported (such as local administrator, root, or service accounts), accounts will use passwords that are unique to that system.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            6.2.2 Ensure no legacy "+" entries exist in /etc/passwd

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            The character + in various files used to be markers for systems to insert data from NIS maps at a certain point in a system configuration file. These entries are no longer required on most systems, but may exist in files that have been imported from other platforms.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            These entries may provide an avenue for attackers to gain privileged access on the system.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Remove any legacy '+' entries from /etc/passwd if they exist.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/passwd exists and does not match pattern ^\+:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.2_Ensure_no_legacy__entries_exist_in_etcpasswd"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.638Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16/subcontrol/2"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806731"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806731">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806731"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/passwd exists and does not match pattern ^\+:</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Control: Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation, use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage them.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Subcontrol: 16.2
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Label: Configure Centralized Point of Authentication
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Description: Configure access for all accounts through as few centralized points of authentication as possible, including network, security, and cloud systems.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              6.2.3 Ensure all users' home directories exist

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Users can be defined in /etc/passwd without a home directory or with a home directory that does not actually exist.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              If the user's home directory does not exist or is unassigned, the user will be placed in "/" and will not be able to write any files or have local environment variables set.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              If any users' home directories do not exist, create them and make sure the respective user owns the directory. Users without an assigned home directory should be removed or assigned a home directory as appropriate.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Criterion: Linux Custom Object "All User Home Directories Exist"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Existence Check: All Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Path String Exists /home/admin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Filename String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Type String Exists directory
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Group Id Int Exists 1000
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              User Id Int Exists 1000
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              A Time Int Exists 1626829994
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              C Time Int Exists 1626829994
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              M Time Int Exists 1626811552
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Size Int Exists 4096
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Uread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Uwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Uexec Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Gread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Gexec Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Oread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Oexec Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.3_Ensure_all_users_home_directories_exist"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.638Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806757"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806757">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806757"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="all_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Linux Custom Object "All User Home Directories Exist"</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>All Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/home/admin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>directory</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1000</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1000</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626829994</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626829994</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811552</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>4096</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Subcontrol: 5.1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                6.2.4 Ensure no legacy "+" entries exist in /etc/shadow

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                The character + in various files used to be markers for systems to insert data from NIS maps at a certain point in a system configuration file. These entries are no longer required on most systems, but may exist in files that have been imported from other platforms.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                These entries may provide an avenue for attackers to gain privileged access on the system.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Remove any legacy '+' entries from /etc/shadow if they exist.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/shadow exists and does not match pattern ^\+:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.4_Ensure_no_legacy__entries_exist_in_etcshadow"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.639Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc6:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1/control/16/subcontrol/9"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"/>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16/subcontrol/2"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806736"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806736">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806736"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/shadow exists and does not match pattern ^\+:</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Control: Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation, use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage them.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Subcontrol: 16.2
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Label: Configure Centralized Point of Authentication
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Description: Configure access for all accounts through as few centralized points of authentication as possible, including network, security, and cloud systems.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  CIS Controls V6.1:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Control: Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts – their creation, use, dormancy, deletion – in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage them.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Subcontrol: 16.9
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Label: Configure Account Access Centrally
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Description: Configure access for all accounts through a centralized point of authentication, for example Active Directory or LDAP. Configure network and security devices for centralized authentication as well.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  6.2.5 Ensure no legacy "+" entries exist in /etc/group

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  The character + in various files used to be markers for systems to insert data from NIS maps at a certain point in a system configuration file. These entries are no longer required on most systems, but may exist in files that have been imported from other platforms.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  These entries may provide an avenue for attackers to gain privileged access on the system.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Remove any legacy '+' entries from /etc/group if they exist.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/group exists and does not match pattern ^\+:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.5_Ensure_no_legacy__entries_exist_in_etcgroup"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.639Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16/subcontrol/2"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806741"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806741">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806741"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/group exists and does not match pattern ^\+:</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Control: Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation, use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage them.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Subcontrol: 16.2
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Label: Configure Centralized Point of Authentication
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Description: Configure access for all accounts through as few centralized points of authentication as possible, including network, security, and cloud systems.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    6.2.6 Ensure root is the only UID 0 account

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Any account with UID 0 has superuser privileges on the system.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    This access must be limited to only the default root account and only from the system console. Administrative access must be through an unprivileged account using an approved mechanism as noted in Item 5.6 Ensure access to the su command is restricted.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Remove any users other than root with UID 0 or assign them a new UID if appropriate.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Criterion: Ensure at least one file named /etc/passwd exists and does not match pattern ^(?!root:)[^:]*:[^:]*:0
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.6_Ensure_root_is_the_only_UID_0_account"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.640Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/4/subcontrol/6"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806747"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806747">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806747"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Ensure at least one file named /etc/passwd exists and does not match pattern ^(?!root:)[^:]*:[^:]*:0</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Control 4: Controlled Use of Administrative Privileges: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct the use, assignment, and configuration of administrative privileges on computers, networks, and applications.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Subcontrol: 4.6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Label: Use of Dedicated Machines For All Administrative Tasks
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Description: Ensure administrators use a dedicated machine for all administrative tasks or tasks requiring administrative access. This machine will be segmented from the organization's primary network and not be allowed Internet access. This machine will not be used for reading e-mail, composing documents, or browsing the Internet.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      6.2.7 Ensure root PATH Integrity

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      The root user can execute any command on the system and could be fooled into executing programs unintentionally if the PATH is not set correctly.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Including the current working directory (.) or other writable directory in root 's executable path makes it likely that an attacker can gain superuser access by forcing an administrator operating as root to execute a Trojan horse program.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Correct or justify any items discovered in the Audit step.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Script: sce/root_path.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Exit Value: 101
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      No output lines were collected.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Errors:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • mesg: ttyname failed: Inappropriate ioctl for device


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.7_Ensure_root_PATH_Integrity"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.640Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/root_path.sh"/>
         <xccdf:check-content>
            <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/root_path.sh"
                            href="sce/root_path.sh"
                            xccdf="pass"
                            exit-value="101">
               <out/>
               <err>
                  <l>mesg: ttyname failed: Inappropriate ioctl for device</l>
               </err>
               <env/>
            </command_result>
         </xccdf:check-content>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="sce">
               <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                        <td>sce/root_path.sh</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                        <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                        <td>101</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td>No output lines were collected.</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Errors:</td>
                        <td>
                           <ul>
                              <li>mesg: ttyname failed: Inappropriate ioctl for device</li>
                           </ul>
                        </td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Subcontrol: 5.1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Fail

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        6.2.8 Ensure users' home directories permissions are 750 or more restrictive

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        While the system administrator can establish secure permissions for users' home directories, the users can easily override these.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Group or world-writable user home directories may enable malicious users to steal or modify other users' data or to gain another user's system privileges.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Making global modifications to user home directories without alerting the user community can result in unexpected outages and unhappy users. Therefore, it is recommended that a monitoring policy be established to report user file permissions and determine the action to be taken in accordance with site policy.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Criterion: Linux Custom Object "No User Home Directories Have Permissions ----w-rwx"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Existence Check: Any Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Result: Fail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Path String Exists /home/admin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Filename String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Type String Exists directory
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Group Id Int Exists 1000
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        User Id Int Exists 1000
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        A Time Int Exists 1626829994
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        C Time Int Exists 1626829994
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        M Time Int Exists 1626811552
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Size Int Exists 4096
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Uread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Uwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Uexec Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Gread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Gexec Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Oread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Oexec Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.8_Ensure_users_home_directories_permissions_are_750_or_more_restrictive"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.640Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>fail</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806762"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806762">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806762"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="any_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Linux Custom Object "No User Home Directories Have Permissions ----w-rwx"</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>Any Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="fail">Fail</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/home/admin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>directory</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1000</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1000</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626829994</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626829994</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811552</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>4096</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these critical assets based on an approved classification.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Subcontrol: 14.6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Label: Protect Information through Access Control Lists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Description: Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims, application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          6.2.9 Ensure users own their home directories

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          The user home directory is space defined for the particular user to set local environment variables and to store personal files.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Since the user is accountable for files stored in the user home directory, the user must be the owner of the directory.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Change the ownership of any home directories that are not owned by the defined user to the correct user.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Script: sce/users_own_home_directory.sh
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Exit Value: 101
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Output:
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Passed. All users own their home directory
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          No error lines were collected.


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.9_Ensure_users_own_their_home_directories"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.640Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://open-scap.org/page/SCE"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="sce/users_own_home_directory.sh"/>
         <xccdf:check-content>
            <command_result script="/root/Assessor-CLI/sce/users_own_home_directory.sh"
                            href="sce/users_own_home_directory.sh"
                            xccdf="pass"
                            exit-value="101">
               <out>
                  <l>Passed.  All users own their home directory</l>
               </out>
               <err/>
               <env/>
            </command_result>
         </xccdf:check-content>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="sce">
               <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Script:</td>
                        <td>sce/users_own_home_directory.sh</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                        <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Exit Value:</td>
                        <td>101</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td class="bold">Output:</td>
                        <td>
                           <ul class="unstyled">
                              <li>Passed.  All users own their home directory</li>
                           </ul>
                        </td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
               <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                  <tbody class="tbe">
                     <tr>
                        <td>No error lines were collected.</td>
                     </tr>
                  </tbody>
               </table>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these critical assets based on an approved classification.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Subcontrol: 14.6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Label: Protect Information through Access Control Lists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Description: Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims, application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            6.2.10 Ensure users' dot files are not group or world writable

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            While the system administrator can establish secure permissions for users' "dot" files, the users can easily override these.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Group or world-writable user configuration files may enable malicious users to steal or modify other users' data or to gain another user's system privileges.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Making global modifications to users' files without alerting the user community can result in unexpected outages and unhappy users. Therefore, it is recommended that a monitoring policy be established to report user dot file permissions and determine the action to be taken in accordance with site policy.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Criterion: Linux Custom Object "No User Dot Files Have Permissions ----w--w-"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Existence Check: Any Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Filepath String Exists /home/admin/.bashrc
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Path String Exists /home/admin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Filename String Exists .bashrc
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Type String Exists regular
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Group Id Int Exists 1000
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            User Id Int Exists 1000
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            A Time Int Exists 1626811571
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            C Time Int Exists 1626829985
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            M Time Int Exists 1626811571
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Size Int Exists 3846
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Uread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Uwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Gread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Oread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Filepath String Exists /home/admin/.profile
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Path String Exists /home/admin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Filename String Exists .profile
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Type String Exists regular
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Group Id Int Exists 1000
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            User Id Int Exists 1000
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            A Time Int Exists 1522866626
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            C Time Int Exists 1626829985
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            M Time Int Exists 1522866626
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Size Int Exists 807
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Uread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Uwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Gread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Oread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Filepath String Exists /home/admin/.bash_logout
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Path String Exists /home/admin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Filename String Exists .bash_logout
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Type String Exists regular
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Group Id Int Exists 1000
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            User Id Int Exists 1000
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            A Time Int Exists 1522866626
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            C Time Int Exists 1626829985
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            M Time Int Exists 1522866626
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Size Int Exists 220
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Uread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Uwrite Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Gread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Oread Boolean Exists true
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.10_Ensure_users_dot_files_are_not_group_or_world_writable"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.640Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806772"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806772">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806772"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="any_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Linux Custom Object "No User Dot Files Have Permissions ----w--w-"</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>Any Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/home/admin/.bashrc</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/home/admin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>.bashrc</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1000</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1000</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811571</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626829985</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626811571</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>3846</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/home/admin/.profile</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/home/admin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>.profile</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1000</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1000</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1522866626</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626829985</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1522866626</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>807</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filepath</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/home/admin/.bash_logout</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/home/admin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>.bash_logout</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>regular</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1000</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1000</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1522866626</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1626829985</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1522866626</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>220</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>true</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these critical assets based on an approved classification.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Subcontrol: 14.6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Label: Protect Information through Access Control Lists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Description: Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims, application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              6.2.11 Ensure no users have .forward files

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              The .forward file specifies an email address to forward the user's mail to.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Use of the .forward file poses a security risk in that sensitive data may be inadvertently transferred outside the organization. The .forward file also poses a risk as it can be used to execute commands that may perform unintended actions.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Making global modifications to users' files without alerting the user community can result in unexpected outages and unhappy users. Therefore, it is recommended that a monitoring policy be established to report user .forward files and determine the action to be taken in accordance with site policy.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Criterion: Linux Custom Object "No User Home Directories Contain .forward Files"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Path String Exists /home/admin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Filename String Exists .forward
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Type String Not collected No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Group Id Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              User Id Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              A Time Int Exists null
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              C Time Int Exists null
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              M Time Int Exists null
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Size Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Uread Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Uwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Gread Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Oread Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.11_Ensure_no_users_have_.forward_files"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.640Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/5/subcontrol/1"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806778"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806778">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806778"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Linux Custom Object "No User Home Directories Contain .forward Files"</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/home/admin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>.forward</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Control 5: Secure Configuration for Hardware and Software on Mobile Devices, Laptops, Workstations and Servers: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Control: Establish, implement, and actively manage (track, report on, correct) the security configuration of mobile devices, laptops, servers, and workstations using a rigorous configuration management and change control process in order to prevent attackers from exploiting vulnerable services and settings.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Subcontrol: 5.1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Label: Establish Secure Configurations
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Description: Maintain documented, standard security configuration standards for all authorized operating systems and software.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                6.2.12 Ensure no users have .netrc files

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                The .netrc file contains data for logging into a remote host for file transfers via FTP.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                The .netrc file presents a significant security risk since it stores passwords in unencrypted form. Even if FTP is disabled, user accounts may have brought over .netrc files from other systems which could pose a risk to those systems.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Making global modifications to users' files without alerting the user community can result in unexpected outages and unhappy users. Therefore, it is recommended that a monitoring policy be established to report user .netrc files and determine the action to be taken in accordance with site policy.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Criterion: Linux Custom Object "No User Home Directories Contain .netrc Files"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Path String Exists /home/admin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Filename String Exists .netrc
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Type String Not collected No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Group Id Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                User Id Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                A Time Int Exists null
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                C Time Int Exists null
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                M Time Int Exists null
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Size Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Uread Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Uwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Gread Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Oread Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.12_Ensure_no_users_have_.netrc_files"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.640Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806781"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806781">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806781"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Linux Custom Object "No User Home Directories Contain .netrc Files"</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/home/admin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>.netrc</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Control: Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation, use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage them.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Subcontrol: 16.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Label: Encrypt or Hash all Authentication Credentials
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Description: Encrypt or hash with a salt all authentication credentials when stored.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  6.2.13 Ensure users' .netrc Files are not group or world accessible

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  While the system administrator can establish secure permissions for users' .netrc files, the users can easily override these.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  .netrc files may contain unencrypted passwords that may be used to attack other systems.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Making global modifications to users' files without alerting the user community can result in unexpected outages and unhappy users. Therefore, it is recommended that a monitoring policy be established to report user .netrc file permissions and determine the action to be taken in accordance with site policy.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Criterion: Linux Custom Object "No User .netrc Files Have Permissions ---rwxrwx"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Existence Check: Any Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Path String Exists /home/admin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Filename String Exists .netrc
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Type String Not collected No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Group Id Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  User Id Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  A Time Int Exists null
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  C Time Int Exists null
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  M Time Int Exists null
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Size Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Uread Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Uwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Gread Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oread Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.13_Ensure_users_.netrc_Files_are_not_group_or_world_accessible"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.640Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806789"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806789">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806789"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="any_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Linux Custom Object "No User .netrc Files Have Permissions ---rwxrwx"</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>Any Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/home/admin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>.netrc</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    • Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these critical assets based on an approved classification.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Subcontrol: 14.6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Label: Protect Information through Access Control Lists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Description: Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims, application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    6.2.14 Ensure no users have .rhosts files

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    While no .rhosts files are shipped by default, users can easily create them.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    This action is only meaningful if .rhosts support is permitted in the file /etc/pam.conf . Even though the .rhosts files are ineffective if support is disabled in /etc/pam.conf , they may have been brought over from other systems and could contain information useful to an attacker for those other systems.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Making global modifications to users' files without alerting the user community can result in unexpected outages and unhappy users. Therefore, it is recommended that a monitoring policy be established to report user .rhosts files and determine the action to be taken in accordance with site policy.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Criterion: Linux Custom Object "No User Home Directories Contain .rhost Files"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    File Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Path String Exists /home/admin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Filename String Exists .rhost
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Type String Not collected No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Group Id Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    User Id Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    A Time Int Exists null
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    C Time Int Exists null
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    M Time Int Exists null
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Size Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Suid Int Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Sgid Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Sticky Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Uread Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Uwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Uexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Gread Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Gwrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Gexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Oread Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Owrite Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Oexec Boolean Exists false
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Has Extended Acl Boolean Not collected No Value


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.14_Ensure_no_users_have_.rhosts_files"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.640Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16/subcontrol/4"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806792"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806792">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806792"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Linux Custom Object "No User Home Directories Contain .rhost Files"</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>File Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Path</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/home/admin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Filename</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>.rhost</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Type</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>A Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>C Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>M Time</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>null</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Size</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Suid</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sgid</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Sticky</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Uexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gwrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Oread</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Owrite</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Oexec</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>false</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Has Extended Acl</td>
                              <td>Boolean</td>
                              <td>Not collected</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      • Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Control: Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation, use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage them.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Subcontrol: 16.4
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Label: Encrypt or Hash all Authentication Credentials
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Description: Encrypt or hash with a salt all authentication credentials when stored.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      6.2.15 Ensure all groups in /etc/passwd exist in /etc/group

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Over time, system administration errors and changes can lead to groups being defined in /etc/passwd but not in /etc/group .

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Groups defined in the /etc/passwd file but not in the /etc/group file pose a threat to system security since group permissions are not properly managed.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Analyze the output of the Audit step above and perform the appropriate action to correct any discrepancies found.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Criterion: Linux Custom Object "All Groups In /etc/passwd Exist In /etc/group"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Existence Check: All Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Username String Exists www-data
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password String Exists x
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      User Id Int Exists 33
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Group Id Int Exists 33
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Gcos String Exists www-data
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Home Dir String Exists /var/www
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Login Shell String Exists /usr/sbin/nologin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Last Login Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Username String Exists daemon
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password String Exists x
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      User Id Int Exists 1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Group Id Int Exists 1
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Gcos String Exists daemon
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Home Dir String Exists /usr/sbin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Login Shell String Exists /usr/sbin/nologin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Last Login Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Username String Exists list
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password String Exists x
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      User Id Int Exists 38
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Group Id Int Exists 38
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Gcos String Exists Mailing List Manager
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Home Dir String Exists /var/list
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Login Shell String Exists /usr/sbin/nologin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Last Login Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Username String Exists sshd
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password String Exists x
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      User Id Int Exists 104
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Group Id Int Exists 65534
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Gcos String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Home Dir String Exists /run/sshd
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Login Shell String Exists /usr/sbin/nologin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Last Login Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Username String Exists uucp
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password String Exists x
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      User Id Int Exists 10
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Group Id Int Exists 10
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Gcos String Exists uucp
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Home Dir String Exists /var/spool/uucp
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Login Shell String Exists /usr/sbin/nologin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Last Login Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Username String Exists _apt
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password String Exists x
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      User Id Int Exists 100
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Group Id Int Exists 65534
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Gcos String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Home Dir String Exists /nonexistent
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Login Shell String Exists /usr/sbin/nologin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Last Login Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Username String Exists irc
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password String Exists x
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      User Id Int Exists 39
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Group Id Int Exists 39
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Gcos String Exists ircd
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Home Dir String Exists /var/run/ircd
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Login Shell String Exists /usr/sbin/nologin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Last Login Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Username String Exists backup
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password String Exists x
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      User Id Int Exists 34
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Group Id Int Exists 34
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Gcos String Exists backup
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Home Dir String Exists /var/backups
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Login Shell String Exists /usr/sbin/nologin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Last Login Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Username String Exists mail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password String Exists x
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      User Id Int Exists 8
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Group Id Int Exists 8
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Gcos String Exists mail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Home Dir String Exists /var/mail
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Login Shell String Exists /usr/sbin/nologin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Last Login Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Username String Exists man
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password String Exists x
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      User Id Int Exists 6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Group Id Int Exists 12
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Gcos String Exists man
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Home Dir String Exists /var/cache/man
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Login Shell String Exists /usr/sbin/nologin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Last Login Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Username String Exists lp
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password String Exists x
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      User Id Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Group Id Int Exists 7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Gcos String Exists lp
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Home Dir String Exists /var/spool/lpd
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Login Shell String Exists /usr/sbin/nologin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Last Login Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Username String Exists proxy
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password String Exists x
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      User Id Int Exists 13
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Group Id Int Exists 13
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Gcos String Exists proxy
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Home Dir String Exists /bin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Login Shell String Exists /usr/sbin/nologin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Last Login Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Username String Exists systemd-network
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password String Exists x
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      User Id Int Exists 101
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Group Id Int Exists 102
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Gcos String Exists systemd Network Management,,,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Home Dir String Exists /run/systemd/netif
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Login Shell String Exists /usr/sbin/nologin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Last Login Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Username String Exists systemd-resolve
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password String Exists x
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      User Id Int Exists 102
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Group Id Int Exists 103
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Gcos String Exists systemd Resolver,,,
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Home Dir String Exists /run/systemd/resolve
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Login Shell String Exists /usr/sbin/nologin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Last Login Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Username String Exists messagebus
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password String Exists x
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      User Id Int Exists 103
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Group Id Int Exists 105
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Gcos String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Home Dir String Exists /nonexistent
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Login Shell String Exists /usr/sbin/nologin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Last Login Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Username String Exists admin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password String Exists x
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      User Id Int Exists 1000
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Group Id Int Exists 1000
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Gcos String Exists No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Home Dir String Exists /home/admin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Login Shell String Exists /bin/bash
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Last Login Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Username String Exists nobody
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password String Exists x
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      User Id Int Exists 65534
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Group Id Int Exists 65534
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Gcos String Exists nobody
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Home Dir String Exists /nonexistent
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Login Shell String Exists /usr/sbin/nologin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Last Login Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Username String Exists news
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password String Exists x
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      User Id Int Exists 9
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Group Id Int Exists 9
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Gcos String Exists news
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Home Dir String Exists /var/spool/news
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Login Shell String Exists /usr/sbin/nologin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Last Login Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Username String Exists gnats
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password String Exists x
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      User Id Int Exists 41
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Group Id Int Exists 41
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Gcos String Exists Gnats Bug-Reporting System (admin)
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Home Dir String Exists /var/lib/gnats
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Login Shell String Exists /usr/sbin/nologin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Last Login Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Username String Exists bin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password String Exists x
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      User Id Int Exists 2
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Group Id Int Exists 2
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Gcos String Exists bin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Home Dir String Exists /bin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Login Shell String Exists /usr/sbin/nologin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Last Login Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Username String Exists games
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password String Exists x
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      User Id Int Exists 5
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Group Id Int Exists 60
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Gcos String Exists games
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Home Dir String Exists /usr/games
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Login Shell String Exists /usr/sbin/nologin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Last Login Int Does not exist No Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Username String Exists sys
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Password String Exists x
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      User Id Int Exists 3
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Group Id Int Exists 3
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Gcos String Exists sys
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Home Dir String Exists /dev
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Login Shell String Exists /usr/sbin/nologin
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Last Login Int Does not exist No Value


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.15_Ensure_all_groups_in_etcpasswd_exist_in_etcgroup"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.640Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16/subcontrol/6"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16/subcontrol/7"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16/subcontrol/8"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806799"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806799">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806799"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="all_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Linux Custom Object "All Groups In /etc/passwd Exist In /etc/group"</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>All Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Password Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>www-data</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>x</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>33</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>33</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gcos</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>www-data</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Home Dir</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/www</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Login Shell</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/usr/sbin/nologin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Last Login</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Password Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>daemon</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>x</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gcos</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>daemon</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Home Dir</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/usr/sbin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Login Shell</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/usr/sbin/nologin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Last Login</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Password Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>list</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>x</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>38</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>38</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gcos</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>Mailing List Manager</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Home Dir</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/list</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Login Shell</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/usr/sbin/nologin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Last Login</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Password Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>sshd</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>x</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>104</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>65534</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gcos</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Home Dir</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/run/sshd</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Login Shell</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/usr/sbin/nologin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Last Login</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Password Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>uucp</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>x</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>10</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>10</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gcos</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>uucp</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Home Dir</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/spool/uucp</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Login Shell</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/usr/sbin/nologin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Last Login</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Password Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>_apt</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>x</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>100</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>65534</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gcos</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Home Dir</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/nonexistent</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Login Shell</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/usr/sbin/nologin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Last Login</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Password Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>irc</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>x</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>39</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>39</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gcos</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>ircd</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Home Dir</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/run/ircd</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Login Shell</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/usr/sbin/nologin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Last Login</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Password Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>backup</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>x</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>34</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>34</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gcos</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>backup</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Home Dir</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/backups</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Login Shell</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/usr/sbin/nologin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Last Login</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Password Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>mail</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>x</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>8</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>8</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gcos</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>mail</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Home Dir</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/mail</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Login Shell</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/usr/sbin/nologin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Last Login</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Password Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>man</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>x</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>6</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>12</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gcos</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>man</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Home Dir</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/cache/man</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Login Shell</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/usr/sbin/nologin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Last Login</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Password Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>lp</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>x</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>7</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gcos</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>lp</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Home Dir</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/spool/lpd</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Login Shell</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/usr/sbin/nologin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Last Login</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Password Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>proxy</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>x</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>13</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>13</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gcos</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>proxy</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Home Dir</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/bin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Login Shell</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/usr/sbin/nologin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Last Login</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Password Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>systemd-network</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>x</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>101</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>102</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gcos</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>systemd Network Management,,,</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Home Dir</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/run/systemd/netif</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Login Shell</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/usr/sbin/nologin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Last Login</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Password Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>systemd-resolve</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>x</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>102</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>103</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gcos</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>systemd Resolver,,,</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Home Dir</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/run/systemd/resolve</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Login Shell</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/usr/sbin/nologin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Last Login</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Password Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>messagebus</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>x</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>103</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>105</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gcos</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Home Dir</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/nonexistent</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Login Shell</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/usr/sbin/nologin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Last Login</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Password Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>admin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>x</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1000</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>1000</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gcos</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Home Dir</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/home/admin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Login Shell</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/bin/bash</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Last Login</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Password Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>nobody</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>x</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>65534</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>65534</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gcos</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>nobody</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Home Dir</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/nonexistent</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Login Shell</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/usr/sbin/nologin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Last Login</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Password Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>news</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>x</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>9</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>9</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gcos</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>news</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Home Dir</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/spool/news</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Login Shell</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/usr/sbin/nologin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Last Login</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Password Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>gnats</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>x</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>41</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>41</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gcos</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>Gnats Bug-Reporting System (admin)</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Home Dir</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/var/lib/gnats</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Login Shell</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/usr/sbin/nologin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Last Login</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Password Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>bin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>x</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>2</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>2</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gcos</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>bin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Home Dir</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/bin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Login Shell</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/usr/sbin/nologin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Last Login</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Password Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>games</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>x</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>5</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>60</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gcos</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>games</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Home Dir</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/usr/games</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Login Shell</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/usr/sbin/nologin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Last Login</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Password Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Username</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>sys</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Password</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>x</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>User Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>3</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Group Id</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>3</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Gcos</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>sys</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Home Dir</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/dev</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Login Shell</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>/usr/sbin/nologin</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td>Last Login</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Does not exist</td>
                              <td>No Value</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                      References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Control: Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation, use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage them.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Subcontrol: 16.6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Label: Maintain an Inventory of Accounts
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Description: Maintain an inventory of all accounts organized by authentication system.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Control: Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation, use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage them.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Subcontrol: 16.7
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Label: Establish Process for Revoking Access
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Description: Establish and follow an automated process for revoking system access by disabling accounts immediately upon termination or change of responsibilities of an employee or contractor . Disabling these accounts, instead of deleting accounts, allows preservation of audit trails.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        • Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Control: Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation, use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage them.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Subcontrol: 16.8
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Label: Disable Any Unassociated Accounts
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Description: Disable any account that cannot be associated with a business process or business owner.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        6.2.16 Ensure no duplicate UIDs exist

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Although the useradd program will not let you create a duplicate User ID (UID), it is possible for an administrator to manually edit the /etc/passwd file and change the UID field.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Users must be assigned unique UIDs for accountability and to ensure appropriate access protections.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Based on the results of the audit script, establish unique UIDs and review all files owned by the shared UIDs to determine which UID they are supposed to belong to.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Criterion: Linux Custom Object "Check For Duplicate UIDs"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Variable Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Var Ref String Exists oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:806803
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Value Int Exists 24


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.16_Ensure_no_duplicate_UIDs_exist"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.640Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806803"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806803">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806803"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Linux Custom Object "Check For Duplicate UIDs"</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Variable Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Var Ref</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:806803</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>24</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                        References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          • Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Control: Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation, use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage them.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          6.2.17 Ensure no duplicate GIDs exist

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Although the groupadd program will not let you create a duplicate Group ID (GID), it is possible for an administrator to manually edit the /etc/group file and change the GID field.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          User groups must be assigned unique GIDs for accountability and to ensure appropriate access protections.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Based on the results of the audit script, establish unique GIDs and review all files owned by the shared GID to determine which group they are supposed to belong to.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Criterion: Linux Custom Object "Check For Duplicate GIDs"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Variable Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Var Ref String Exists oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:806809
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Value Int Exists 48


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.17_Ensure_no_duplicate_GIDs_exist"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.640Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806809"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806809">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806809"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Linux Custom Object "Check For Duplicate GIDs"</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Variable Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Var Ref</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:806809</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>48</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            • Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Control: Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation, use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage them.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            6.2.18 Ensure no duplicate user names exist

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Although the useradd program will not let you create a duplicate user name, it is possible for an administrator to manually edit the /etc/passwd file and change the user name.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            If a user is assigned a duplicate user name, it will create and have access to files with the first UID for that username in /etc/passwd . For example, if "test4" has a UID of 1000 and a subsequent "test4" entry has a UID of 2000, logging in as "test4" will use UID 1000. Effectively, the UID is shared, which is a security problem.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Based on the results of the audit script, establish unique user names for the users. File ownerships will automatically reflect the change as long as the users have unique UIDs.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Criterion: Linux Custom Object "Check For Duplicate User Names"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Variable Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Var Ref String Exists oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:806812
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Value Int Exists 24


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.18_Ensure_no_duplicate_user_names_exist"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.641Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806812"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806812">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806812"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Linux Custom Object "Check For Duplicate User Names"</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Variable Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Var Ref</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:806812</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>24</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              • Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Control: Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation, use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage them.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              6.2.19 Ensure no duplicate group names exist

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Although the groupadd program will not let you create a duplicate group name, it is possible for an administrator to manually edit the /etc/group file and change the group name.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              If a group is assigned a duplicate group name, it will create and have access to files with the first GID for that group in /etc/group . Effectively, the GID is shared, which is a security problem.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Based on the results of the audit script, establish unique names for the user groups. File group ownerships will automatically reflect the change as long as the groups have unique GIDs.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Criterion: Linux Custom Object "Check For Duplicate Group Names"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Existence Check: At Least One Exists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Variable Item
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Name Type Status Value
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Var Ref String Exists oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:806816
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Value Int Exists 48


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.19_Ensure_no_duplicate_group_names_exist"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.641Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/16"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806816"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806816">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806816"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="at_least_one_exists">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Linux Custom Object "Check For Duplicate Group Names"</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>At Least One Exists</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <caption>Variable Item</caption>
                        <thead>
                           <tr>
                              <th scope="col">Name</th>
                              <th scope="col">Type</th>
                              <th scope="col">Status</th>
                              <th scope="col">Value</th>
                           </tr>
                        </thead>
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td>Var Ref</td>
                              <td>String</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:var:806816</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr class="evaluated">
                              <td>Value</td>
                              <td>Int</td>
                              <td>Exists</td>
                              <td>48</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                • Control 16: Account Monitoring and Control: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  Control: Actively manage the life cycle of system and application accounts - their creation, use, dormancy, deletion - in order to minimize opportunities for attackers to leverage them.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Back to Summary
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Pass

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                6.2.20 Ensure shadow group is empty

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Description:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                The shadow group allows system programs which require access the ability to read the /etc/shadow file. No users should be assigned to the shadow group.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Any users assigned to the shadow group would be granted read access to the /etc/shadow file. If attackers can gain read access to the /etc/shadow file, they can easily run a password cracking program against the hashed passwords to break them. Other security information that is stored in the /etc/shadow file (such as expiration) could also be useful to subvert additional user accounts.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Remove all users from the shadow group, and change the primary group of any users with shadow as their primary group.

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Show Assessment Evidence
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Complex Check
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                AND
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Criterion: Linux Custom Object "Shadow Group is Empty"
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Existence Check: None Exist
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Item Check: All
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Result: Pass
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                No matching system items were found.


                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                Show Rule Result XML
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                <xccdf:rule-result xmlns:xccdf="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:notes="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/notes"
                   xmlns:ae="http://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ae/0.5"
                   xmlns:ciscf="https://benchmarks.cisecurity.org/ciscf/1.0"
                   xmlns:cc7="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"
                   xmlns:cc6="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v6.1"
                   xmlns:ciscat-checklist="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns="http://checklists.nist.gov/xccdf/1.2"
                   xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
                   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
                   xmlns:scap-con="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/constructs/1.2"
                   xmlns:arf="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-reporting-format/1.1"
                   xmlns:dsc="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/scap/source/1.2"
                   xmlns:ai="http://scap.nist.gov/schema/asset-identification/1.1"
                   idref="xccdf_org.cisecurity.benchmarks_rule_6.2.20_Ensure_shadow_group_is_empty"
                   role="full"
                   severity="unknown"
                   time="2021-07-23T20:10:18.641Z"
                   version="1"
                   weight="1.0">
   <xccdf:result>pass</xccdf:result>
   <xccdf:ident cc7:controlURI="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0/control/14/subcontrol/6"
                system="http://cisecurity.org/20-cc/v7.0"/>
   <xccdf:complex-check operator="AND" negate="false">
      <xccdf:check system="http://oval.mitre.org/XMLSchema/oval-definitions-5"
                   negate="false"
                   multi-check="false">
         <xccdf:check-content-ref href="#OVAL-Results-1"
                                  name="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806821"/>
         <evidence xmlns="http://cisecurity.org/evidence">
            <div class="definition"
                 id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:def:806821">
               <div class="criteria">
                  <div class="criterion"
                       id="oval:org.cisecurity.benchmarks.canonical_ubuntu_linux_18:tst:806821"
                       check="all"
                       check_existence="none_exist">
                     <table class="evidence-sep" width="100%">
                        <tbody class="tbe">
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Criterion:</td>
                              <td>Linux Custom Object "Shadow Group is Empty"</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Existence Check:</td>
                              <td>None Exist</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Item Check:</td>
                              <td>All</td>
                           </tr>
                           <tr>
                              <td class="bold">Result:</td>
                              <td class="pass">Pass</td>
                           </tr>
                        </tbody>
                     </table>
                     <table class="evidence" width="100%">
                        <tr>
                           <td>No matching system items were found.</td>
                        </tr>
                     </table>
                  </div>
               </div>
            </div>
         </evidence>
      </xccdf:check>
   </xccdf:complex-check>
</xccdf:rule-result>

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                References:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  CIS Controls V7.0:

                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                  • Control 14: Controlled Access Based on the Need to Know: -- More
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    CIS Control Information
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Control: The processes and tools used to track/control/prevent/correct secure access to critical assets (e.g., information, resources, systems) according to the formal determination of which persons, computers, and applications have a need and right to access these critical assets based on an approved classification.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Subcontrol: 14.6
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Label: Protect Information through Access Control Lists
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                    Description: Protect all information stored on systems with file system, network share, claims, application, or database specific access control lists. These controls will enforce the principle that only authorized individuals should have access to the information based on their need to access the information as a part of their responsibilities.

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